FAA Private Pilot Practical Test Standards – Flashcards
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When does a private pilot certificate expire?
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Never 14 CFR part 61.19
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When does a student pilot certificate expire?
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For student pilots who have not reached their 40th birthday, the student pilot certificate does not expire until 60 calendar months after the month of the date of examination shown on the medical certificate. For student pilots who have reached their 40th birthday, the student pilot certificate does not expire until 24 calendar months after the month of the date of examination shown on the medical certificate. 14 CFR part 61.19
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What are the minimum experience requirements?
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Within the preceding 24 months: - complete flight review (1 hour air / 1 hour ground) - or complete a flight proficiency check - or complete an approved flight check - or complete 1 or more phases of FAA sponsored Wings program 14 CFR part 61.56
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When can private pilot act as pilot in command for compensation or hire?
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If flight is only incidental to a business or employment. Cannot carry passengers or property for compensation or hire. 14 CFR part 61.113(b)
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When can a private pilot carry passengers during the day?
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The pilot must have made 3 takeoffs and landings as the sole manipulator of the controls in the same category and class of aircraft to be flown within prior 90 days. If the aircraft has a tail-wheel, landings must be to a full stop. 14 CFR part 61.57(a)
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When can a private pilot carry passengers at night?
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The pilot must have made 3 takeoffs and landings as the sole manipulator of the controls in the same category and class of aircraft to be flown to a full stop within prior 90 days 14 CFR part 61.57(b)
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What are the classes of medical certificates and who do they apply to?
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Class 1 - Required for ATP. Can be used by commercial and private pilots Class 2 - Minimum required for commercial pilots. Can be used by private pilots. Class 3- Minimum required for private pilots. 14 CFR part 61.23
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When does a Class 1 Medical Certificate expire?
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6 calendar months when exercising ATP privileges. 12 calendar months when exercising commercial pilot privileges. 36 calendar months when exercising private pilot privileges (24 months if over 40 on the date of the examination). 14 CFR part 61.23
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When does a Class 2 Medical Certificate expire?
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12 calendar months when exercising commercial pilot privileges. 36 calendar months when exercising private pilot privileges (24 months if over 40 on the date of the examination). 14 CFR part 61.23
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When does a Class 3 Medical Certification expire?
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36 calendar months (24 months if over 40 on the date of the examination). 14 CFR part 61.23
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When must a pilot carry their log book possession during flight?
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Student pilots flying solo cross-country. A sport pilot must carry his or her logbook or other evidence of required authorized instructor endorsements on all flights. 14 CFR part 61.51(i)(2)
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What must be logged in a log book?
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Training and aeronautical experience used to meet the requirements for a certificate, rating, or flight review. The aeronautical experience required for meeting the recent flight experience requirements. 14 CFR part 61.51(a)
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When may a pilot log pilot-in-command time?
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When the sole manipulator of the controls of an aircraft the pilot is rated in or the sole occupant of an aircraft. When acting as pilot in command of an aircraft that requires more than one pilot. 14 CFR part 61.51(e)
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What documents must be aboard an aircraft during flight?
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A - airworthiness certificate (FAA requirement) (14 CFR part 91.203(a)(1)) R - Registration certificate (FAA requirement) (14 CFR part 91.203(a)(2)) (R) - Radio station licence (FCC requirement outside USA) O - Operating limits, pilot's operating hand book or approved aircraft flight manual (FAA required) W - Weight and balance data and equipment list (FAA Required)
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What is an Airworthiness certificate?
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Issued by FAA to verify aircraft meets requirements outlined in FARs and is in a safe operating condition.
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How long does an Airworthiness certificate remain valid?
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As long as the aircraft is is properly registered in the US has been maintained in accordance with all maintenance and airworthiness directives.
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What is a Registration certificate
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Issued to aircraft owner.
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How does a Registration certification become invalid?
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When the aircraft is registered in a foreign country, is destroyed/scrapped, ownership changes, the owner loses US citizenship, the owner requests it. 30 days after the death of the owner.
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What are operating limits?
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Defined in FAA approved airplane flight manual or pilot's operating handbook. For aircraft certified without an approved flight manual, must be displayed by a combination of placards, instrument markings or approved manual material
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What weight and balance information is required?
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Aircraft empty weight and CG position (FAA form 337). An equipment list identifying the weight and moment of each accessory added to the aircraft.
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How many minimum flight hours are required for a private pilot certification?
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40 hours total including: - 20 hours instruction - 10 hours solo (includes 5 hours solo cross country) - 3 hours dual cross country - 3 hours night - 3 hours instrument maneuvers 14 CFR Part 61.109(a)
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What are the solo cross country requirements for the private pilot certification?
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5 hours solo cross country including 1 solo cross country flight of 150 NM total distance, with full-stop landings at three points, and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations and landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with an operating control tower. 14 CFR Part 61.109(a)(5)
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What instruments are required for day VFR flight?
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- Airspeed indicator - Altimeter - Magnetic heading indicator - Tachometer (for each engine) - Oil pressure gauge (for each engine under pressure) - Temperature gauge (for each liquid cooled engine) - Oil temperature gauge (for each air cooled engine - Manifold pressure gauge for each altitude engine) - Fuel gauge (for each tank) - Landing gear indicator (if so equipped) 14 CFR part 91-205(b)
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What equipment is required for all day VFR flight?
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- Red or white anti-collision light system for small aircraft certificated after Mar 11, 1996 in accordance with 14 CFR part 23. - Safety belt (metal to metal latching) for each occupant 2 years or older. - Shoulder harness for each front seat for aircraft manufactured after Jul 18, 1978. - Emergency locator transmitter. 14 CFR part 91-205(b)
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What equipment is required for day VFR flight operated for hire over water beyond power-off gliding distance?
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Flotation device for each passenger and a pyrotechnic signalling device. 14 CFR part 91-205(b)12
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What additional equipment is requirement for night VFR flight?
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- Position lights - Red or white anti-collision light system. - Electric landing light when aircraft is operated for hire. - An adequate source of electrical energy for all installed electrical and radio equipment. - One spare set of fuses, or three spare fuses of each kind required, that are accessible to the pilot in flight. 14 CFR part 91-205(c)
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When does an inoperable piece of equipment make the aircraft unairworthy?
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- The part is part of the VFR day type certification instruments and equipment prescribed in the applicable airworthiness regulations under which the aircraft was type certificated; - Or the part is indicated as required on the aircraft's equipment list, or on the Kinds of Operations Equipment List for the kind of flight operation being conducted - Or the part is required by §91.205 or any other rule of this part for the specific kind of flight operation being conducted - Or the part is required to be operational by an airworthiness directive 14 CFR part 91-213(d)(2)
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What are the inspection requirements for aircraft?
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- Annual inspection 14 CFR part 91-409
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What are the restrictions if an aircraft's 100-hour inspection is over due?
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- An aircraft can not be operated carrying a passenger (other than a crew member) for hire. - Flight instruction cannot be given 14 CFR part 41-409(b)
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How many hours can an aircraft's 100-hour inspection be exceeded an under what conditions?
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Not more than 10 hours while en route to reach a place where the inspection can be done. 14 CFR part 41-409(b)
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What information must a pilot review prior to an IFR flight or a flight not in the vicinity of an airport?
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- weather reports and forecasts - fuel requirements - alternatives available if the planned flight cannot be completed - any known traffic delays of which the pilot in command has been advised by ATC 14 CFR part 91.103(a)
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In addition to information required for IFR flights, what information must a pilot review prior to all flights?
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- runway lengths at airports of intended use - takeoff and landing distance information 14 CFR part 91.103(b)
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What takeoff and landing distance information must a pilot review prior to all flights?
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- For civil aircraft for which an approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual containing takeoff and landing distance data is required, the takeoff and landing distance data contained therein; and - Information appropriate to the aircraft, relating to aircraft performance under expected values of airport elevation and runway slope, aircraft gross weight, and wind and temperature. 14 CFR part 91.103(b)
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When does an aircraft have right of way irrespective of the type of other aircraft in its vicinity?
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When that aircraft is in distress. 14 CFR part 91.113(c)
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If two aircraft o the same category are converging at approximately the same altitude (except head-on, or nearly so), which aircraft has the right of way?
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The aircraft to the other's right. 14 CFR part 91.113(d)
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What is the order of precedence for dissimilar aircraft with the respect to right of way?
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- Balloons have right of way over all other types of aircraft. - A glider has the right-of-way over an airship, powered parachute, weight-shift-control aircraft, airplane, or rotorcraft - An airship has the right-of-way over a powered parachute, weight-shift-control aircraft, airplane, or rotorcraft. 14 CFR part 91.113(d)
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When does an aircraft have automatic right of way and over which type of aircraft?
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1 - When towing or refueling another aircraft 2 - That aircraft has right of way over all other engine driven aircraft 14 CFR part 91.113(d)
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How should pilots respond when two aircraft are approaching each other head-on, or nearly so?
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Each pilot of each aircraft shall alter course to the right. 14 CFR part 91.113(e)
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If an aircraft is being overtaken, which aircraft has right of way and how should the overtaking aircraft respond?
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Each aircraft that is being overtaken has the right-of-way and each pilot of an overtaking aircraft shall alter course to the right to pass well clear. 14 CFR part 91.113(f)
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If two aircraft are on approach to land at the same time, which aircraft has right of way?
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The aircraft at the lower altitude. 14 CFR part 91.113(g)
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What is the minimum altitude anywhere?
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An altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface. 14 CFR part 91.119(a)
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What is the minimum altitude over congested area?
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Over any congested area of a city, town, or settlement, or over any open air assembly of persons, an altitude of 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet of the aircraft. 14 CFR part 91.119(b)
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What is the minimum altitude over other than congested area?
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An altitude of 500 feet above the surface, except over open water or sparsely populated areas. In those cases, the aircraft may not be operated closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure. 14 CFR part 91.119(c)
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When must communication with an airport with an airport with a control tower be established?
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Communications must be established prior to 4 nautical miles from the airport, up to and including 2,500 feet AGL. 14 CFR part 91.126(d)
