Exam 4 Chemistry Review/Study Questions Part 4 – Flashcards
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| What is Total Iron Binding Capacity a measure of? |
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| Capacity of transferrin to bind more iron |
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| Usually Tf is what percent saturated with iron? |
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| 20-50% |
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| What is the formula to calculate TIBC knowing Tf? |
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| TIBC = Tf x 1.25 |
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| True or False: You can not calculate TIBC if Tf<70 |
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| True |
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| True or False: You can not calculate % Tf Saturation is TIBC<5 |
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| True |
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| Name the condition associated with the following: Iron - Decreased Ferritin - Decreased Transferrin - Increased RBC Count - Decreased H&H - Decreased MCHC - Decreased Micro/Hypo |
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| IDA |
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| Name the condition associated with the following: Iron - Increased Ferritin - Increased Transferrin - Decreased Hemochromatosis |
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| Iron Overload |
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| Name the condition associated with the following: Iron - Decreased Ferritin - Normal to Increased Transferrin - Decreased |
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| Anemia of Chronic Disease |
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| What is the term used to describe hereditary iron overload disease? |
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| Hemochromatosis |
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| What can you use to treat Iron Overload? |
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| Therapeutic phlebotomy or chelators |
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| Which iron disorder is connected to the following: Cancer Hogkins SLE Renal failure with decreased erythropoietin |
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| Anemia of Chronic Disease |
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| Given the following Determine the Iron Disease State: Total Fe - Decreased Ferritin - Decreased Transferrin - Increased TIBC - Increased % Saturation - Decreased |
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| IDA |
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| Given the following Determine the Iron Disease State: Total Fe - Increased Ferritin - Increased Transferrin - Decreased TIBC - Decreased % Saturation - Increased |
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| Hemochromatosis |
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| Given the following Determine the Iron Disease State: Total Fe - Decreased Ferritin - Normal to Increased Transferrin - Decreased TIBC - Decreased % Saturation - Decreased |
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| Anemia of Chronic Disease |
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| Match the trace element with the deficiency results: o Hypochromic anemia o Bone malformation o Menke's syndrome o Wilson's disease |
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| Copper |
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| Match the trace element with the deficiency results: o Impaired immunity and wound healing o Impotence o Growth retardation oSensory alterations |
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| Zinc |
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| Match the trace element with the deficiency results: o Megaloblastic anemia |
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| Cobalt |
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| Match the trace element with the deficiency results: o Reduced glucose tolerance |
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| Chromium |
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| Match the trace element with the deficiency results: o Bone defects and stunted growth o Clotting disorders o Epilepsy |
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| Manganese |
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| Match the trace element with its Functions: Erythropoiesis Cellular respiration Skeletal development Nucleic acid/protein synthesis Collagen formatio |
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| Copper |
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| Match the trace element with its Functions: Enzyme structure RNA/DNA synthesis Sensory development Growth Wound healing Immune response |
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| Zinc |
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| Match the trace element with its Functions: Constituent of Vit B12 Needed for folate metabolism |
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| Cobalt |
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| Match the trace element with its Functions: “Glucose Tolerance Factor”, increases effects of insulin |
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| Chromium |
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| Match the trace element with its Functions: Enzyme activator Reproductive function Bone and tissue formation |
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| Manganese |
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| What is the formula of the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation? |
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| pH = pK' + log (Buffer/Acid) |
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| Define the following: Acid |
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| Yield hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in H2O Primary sources in the blood:H+, H2CO3 (carbonic acid) and pCO2 |
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| Define the following: Base |
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| Yield hydroxyl ions (OH-) Primary source in the blood: HCO3 (bicarbonate) |
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| Define the following: Buffer |
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| A system consisting of a weak acid and a weak base that resists pH changes |
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| Great quantities of H+ come from where? |
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| Cell metabolism and food digestion |
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| Define the following: Total CO2 |
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| The sum of the various CO2-containing substances in plasma |
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| Acidemia/acidosis = arterial pH below |
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| 7.35 |
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| Alkalemia/alkalosis = arterial pH above |
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| 7.45 |
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| What are the various CO2-containing substances in plasma? |
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| Dissolved CO2 gas from cellular respiration (pCO2) Carbonic acid (H2CO3) Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) |
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| Total CO2 = ______ mmol/L |
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| 23-29 |
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| HCO3 = ________mmol/L |
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| 22-26 |
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| True or False: Bicarbonate-Carbonic Acid System is the principle buffering system |
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| True |
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| Normally, the ratio of HCO3 to CO2 is _____ |
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| 20:1 |
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| A fall in the ratio of HCO3 to CO2 results in what? |
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| Acidosis |
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| A rise in the ratio of HCO3 to CO2 results in what? |
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| Alkalosis |
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| What 2 organs will respond to restore the 20:1 HCO3 to CO2 ratio? |
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| Lungs and/or Kidneys |
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| True or False: If plasma becomes acidic, HCO3 can diffuse out of the RBC to buffer the blood |
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| True |
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| As HCO3 diffuses out of the RBC to buffer the blood, what moves in? |
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| Chloride |
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| ____ventilation: More CO2 is lost and blood becomes alkaline |
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| Hyperventillation |
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| ____ventilation: CO2 accumulates and blood becomes acidic |
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| Hypoventilation |
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| True or False: The response time to ventilation changes occurs within seconds |
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| True |
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| True or False: Tubules will excrete or retain acid (H+) or alkaline (HCO3) |
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| True |
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| When H+ is retained by the kidneys, what is excreted? |
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| Na+ |
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| When Na+ is retained by the kidneys, what is excreted? |
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| H+ |
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| As H+ is excreted or Retained by the kidneys, what moves with it? |
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| K+ |
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| Correction of pH may take how much time when regulated by the kidneys? |
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| 2-4 days |
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| What is it called when: pH has returned to normal, other 2 parameters are abnormal |
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| Fully Compensated |
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| What is it called when: the pH and 1 other parameter are abnormal |
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| Uncompensated |
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| What is it called when: All 3 parameters are abnormal |
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| Partially Compensated |
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