Exam 2 Geography – Flashcards
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The number of children born to women in Latin America has been decreasing over the last 2 decades for what reason?
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rural-to-urban migration, promotion of family planning programs, greater availability of birth control, and increased participation of women in the workforce.
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In Latin America what did land reform accomplish?
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Land was redistributed, giving some to peasants.
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What language is the second most common in Latin America?
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Portugese
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Which two Latin American countries are among the top ten oil producers in the world?
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Mexico and Venezuela
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What are the primary biofuels in Sub-Suharan Africa?
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wood and charcoal used for household energy needs
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What makes the Nile River distinctive?
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It is the world's LONGEST river.
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In what part of Sub-Saharan Africa are the highest rates of HIV/AIDS found?
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the southern portion of the region
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What country has a young population in comparison with western countries?
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Sub-Saharan Africa
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Who are the Boers and were did they settle?
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They were Dutch settlers in South Africa.
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What is apartheid?
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It was an official policy segregation in South Africa that categorized Whites, Coloureds, Indians, and Africans. Blacks were crowsed into the least desirable areas, forming squatter settlements called townships.
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In what category are indigenous African religions generally placed?
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Animist
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What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?
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to divide up the African continent among various European colonial interests
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Which ethnic group of Southwest Asia and North Africa is an example of a nation without a state?
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Kurds
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What religion was the first monotheistic religion of Southwest Asia and North Africa?
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Judaism
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Which country is Southwest Asia and North Africa has taken steps to join the European Union?
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Turkey
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By what name was Iran historically known?
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Persia
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In which country of Southwest Asia and North Africa do foreigners make up the majority of the working population?
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the United Arab Emirates
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Which new energy source is being developed for export in North Africa and the Middle East?
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solar energy
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The Mediterranean climate
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has a dry summer and a wet winter.
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What countries comprise the Maghreb of Southwest Asia/North Africa?
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Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
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By what name is the large peninsula of Turkey, located wholly in Asia, known?
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Anatolia
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What is the oldest environmental problem in Southwest Asia and North Africa?
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deforestation
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What of the following resources presents the greatest challenge for survival in Southwest Asia and North Africa?
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Water
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In which country of Southwest Asia and North Africa is the Aswan High Dam located?
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Egypt
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In which contemporary country of Southwest Asia and North Africa is Mesopotamia located?
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Iraq
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What is the main factor that determines where people live in Southwestern Asia and North Africa?
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a plentiful supply of water
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What city in Southwest Asia and North Africa contains the Dome of the Rock, Al-Aqsa Mosque, and the Western Wall?
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Jerusalem
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Which country of Southwest Asia and North Africa is experiencing tension between Sunni and Shi's Muslims?
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Iraq
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About half of the world's known plant and animal species are found where?
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the Amazon Basin in South America
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Where are settlements of people in Latin America concentrated?
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in cities and on the coast
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What divided South America between Spain and Portugal?
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The Treaty of Tordesillas
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Which river discharges the most amount of water into the oceans?
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The Amazon river
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What river discharges the second highest amount of water into the ocean?
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The Congo River
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What is Sub-Saharan Africa's largest city?
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Lagos, Nigeria
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What was Sub-Saharan Africa like before Europeans arrived?
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It had many established kingdoms, states, and tribal societies.
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What is the most populated part of Southwestern Asia/North Africa?
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The Nile River Valley
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Where did Islam originate?
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in present day Saudi Arabia
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Who was displaced by the creation of Israel?
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Palestinians
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What are the boundaries of Latin America?
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The Rio Grande in the north to Tierra del Fuego in the South
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Which of the following environmental problems is associated with Mexico City?
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Smog
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The Amazon Basin includes water from...
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several countries
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What percentage of the world's plant and animal species are found in the Amazon rainforest?
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50%
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El Nino causes what kind of weather?
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can cause heavy rain and severe droughts.
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Throughout Latin America, in the last 40 years, the RATE of population growth has
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decreased
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What is the name of the mountain chain that extends the length of South America's west coast?
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Andes
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After a century-and-a-half of colonization, what was the size of the indigenous population of Latin America?
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One-tenth its original size
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Which country in Latin America sends the largest number of legal immigrants to the United States?
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Mexico
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By what name do we know the biological swap that occurred between Europe and the New World?
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Columbian Exchange
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Which of the following products made its way to Europe as part of the Columbian Exchange?
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potatoes
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What evidence demonstrates the resilience of the Indian cultures in Latin America?
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the survival of Amerindian languages in the region
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What is the predominant language in Latin America, based on the number of people who speak is as a first language?
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Spanish
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What did the number of people employed in Mexican maquiladoras begin to drop after 2003?
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China became more popular for labor-intensive work because of it lower wages.
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Where are the majority of Sub-Saharan Africa's oil reserves located?
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along the coast plains and continental shelves of West and Central Africa
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The Sahel
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is a zone of ecological transition between the Sahara to the north and the wetter savannas and forests to the south.
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What is the world's largest desert?
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the Sahara
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What is the tallest mountain peak in Sub-Saharan Africa?
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Kilimanjaro
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What disease is a major problem in Sub-Saharan Africa, causing death and leaving many children orphaned?
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HIV/AIDS
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Sub-Saharan Africa has what kind of population compared with western countries?
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A young population
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What role did disease play in European efforts to colonize Africa?
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Endemic tropical disease in Sub-Saharan Africa killed many Europeans, and delayed their conquest of the region.
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What language began as a trage language in Sub-Saharan Africa and is now the most widely used language in the region?
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Swahili
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Which of the following countries did NOT receive African territory in the Berlin Conference?
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United States
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What is a kleptocracy?
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a state where corruption is so institutionalized that large percentages of the country's wealth is siphoned off by politicians and government bureaucrats
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What was the major problem of the Berlin Conference?
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Ir ignored indigenous cultural affiliation in Africa.
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By what name is the region of Southwest Asia and North Africa most commonly known?
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the Middle East
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What religions arose in North Africa/Southwest Asia?
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Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
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What type of subsistence agriculture depends on the seasonal movement of livestock for their livelihood?
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pastoral nomadism
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Which two bodies of water were connected by the construction of the Suez Canal?
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Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea
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Why is the region of southwest Asia and North Africa considered a culture hearth
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It was the center for 3 major world religions, it was an early center for several great civilizations, and it was an early center for agriculture.
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People making a hajj (pilgrimage) to Makkah and Medinah must travel to which country of Southwest Asia and North Africa?
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Saudi Arabia
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What does the acronym OPEC stand for?
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
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