Europe Study Guide – Flashcards
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What country is located on the Jutland Peninsula?
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Denmark
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What country is on the Italian Peninsula?
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Italy
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What two countries make up the Iberian Peninsula?
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Portugal & Spain
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What two countries make up the Scandinavian Peninsula?
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Norway & Sweden
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List 3 Islands located in the North Atlantic
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Ireland, Faroe Islands, Norway
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List 3 islands located in the Mediterranean Sea
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Corsica, Malta, Cyprus
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What is the most famous mountain chain in Europe?
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Alps
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What are the large upland areas of Spain & France?
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Meseta in Spain and Massif Central in France
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How are rivers used in Europe?
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Transportation and irrigation(farming)
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What is the most important plain in Europe?
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North European Plain
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List two reasons why the North European Plain is important?
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Desirable agricultural land & allows armies/invaders to get into Europe
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Europe has an abundant supply of what 2 natural resources?
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Coal & Iron ore
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Why are Coal & Iron resources important?
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It makes it possible to make steel & is needed for and industrialized economy
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What was found beneath the North sea floor in 1959?
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Oil & Natural Gas
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About what percent of Europe's land is suitable for agriculture?
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33%
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What is the North Atlantic Drift?
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a current of warm water from the Tropics
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What is the cold dry wind from the North?
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Mistral
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What is the hot steady wind that blows from North Africa?
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Sirocco
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Why do trees not grow in upper Scandinavia?
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The region is subarctic(too cold)
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What is a polder?
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land that is reclaimed from the sea or other vody of water by diking & drainage
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Why is water transport so important in Venice?
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It is needed to move people and goods
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What are some of the problems facing Venice today?
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Water pollution, industrial waste, sewage, and salt water
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How is acid rain produced?
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produced when sulfur dioxide & various nitrogen oxides combine with atmosphere moisture
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How much of Europe's forest land has been affected by acid rain?
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1/4
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Which city state developed the first democracy?
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Athens, Greece
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As Greece lost power, what state tot the west was rising?
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Rome
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What type of government did Rome have?
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Republic
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What was on of Rome's overseas territories?
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Palestine
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In 1096, Christians launched these.... for what purpose?
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crusades, to take Palestine from the Muslims
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What was the Renaissance period about and when did it occur?
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a time of renewed interest in learning & arts that lasted through the 14-16th centuries
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Spain's Catholic rulers retook Spain for the Muslims in 1492. What else did these rules do?
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Queen Isabella paid for Christopher Columbus's first voyage
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For centuries, what was the Mediterranean economy based on?
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tourism
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In 1980, what three countries joined the European Union?
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Greece, Portugal, & Spain
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What is Spain the leader maker of?
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Automobiles
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What two dictators ruled Spain and Italy in the 29th century?
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Benito Mussloini & Francisco Franco
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Spain has an ongoing conflict with what minority group?
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the Basque people
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List the Benelux countries.
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Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg
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In 1347, what plague swept through Europe? How and why did it spread quickly?
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The bubonic plague; it spread by fleas
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Who was Martin Luther?
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A guy that ostracized church practices he thought was wrong; he began reofrmation
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What is Reformation?
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a period when Christians broke away from Catholic church and began Protestant churches
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What is feudalism?
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a political system in which powerful lords owned most of the land
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What is Portugal's biggest industry?
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making of textiles
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What is nationalism?
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the belief that one should be loyal to their country
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What year did the French Revolution take place?
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1789
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What year did Napoleon Bonaparte make himself Emperor?
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1804
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Who was the leader of Germany during World War II?
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Adolf Hitler
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What was the Holocaust?
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a program of mass murder of European Jews and other minorities
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East Germany and West Germany were divided by what?
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Berlin Wall
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Switzerland specializes in what service industry?
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Banking
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Who were some great European composers?
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Johann Sebastian Bach, Ludwig van Beethoven, & Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
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List the 5 countries that make up the Nordic countries.
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Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, & Sweden
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In 1066, what man from Normandy conquered England?
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William the Conqueror
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What year was the Magna Carta signed?
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1215
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Where is Silicon Glen & why is it important?
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It's in Scotland between Glasgow & Edinburgh; the technology is swiftly changing the economy
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What is the common currency throughout Europe?
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Euro
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Which Nordic country has chose not to join the European Union?
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Norway
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What is a cultural crossroads?
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a place where various cultures cross paths
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List the 8 countries of Easter Europe.
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Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, & Yugoslavia
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What does the term balkanization mean?
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the process of breaking up a region into small, mutually hostile units
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What are satellite nations?
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nations dominated by another country
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Under Communism, who owns all factories and businesses?
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the government
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After 1989, most of Eastern Europe moved toward what type of economy?
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Market ecpmp,u
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What is Anti-Semitism?
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discrimination against Jewish people
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Who was Slobodan Milosevic?
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the Serbian leader who tried to increase Serbia's power over all Yugoslavia
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During World War II, who cooperated with the Nazis?
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Croatia
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List the nations created out of Yugoslavia in 1946.
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Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, & Slovenia
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What is the policy of trying to eliminate an ethnic group?
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Ethnic cleansing
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What caused air pollution?
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using fossil fuels, fires, chemical use, and industry
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What 3 respiratory diseases are caused by polluted air?
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asthma, bronchitis, & emphysema
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What treaty took effect in 1993?
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The Maastricht Treaty that established the European Union to take effect
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Which pair of nations is found of major peninsulas?
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Italy & Spain
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Most of Europe has a mild climate because of the...
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moderating influence of the North Atlantic Drift
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The agreement between or more countries for a common purpose, such as trade or military protection, is called.....
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supranationalism
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What has the abundance of peninsulas and navigable rivers in Europe caused Europeans to do throughout their history?
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learn to use water routes for transportation and trade
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What do the Pyrenees Mountains between France & Spain and the English Channel between the UK & France do for those countries?
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act as a natural political boundaries between the countries
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The main purpose of the European Union(EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) is to ....
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stimulate economic growth for participating nations
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The EU has 20 official languages and promotes multilingualism among its members. How might this help the EU achieve greater unification?
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member countries won't have to give up their native language
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Which country has not yet joined the EU?
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Croatia
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Capital of Norway
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Oslo
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Capital of UK
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London
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Capital of Italy
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Rome
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Capital of Germany
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Berlin
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Capital of France
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Paris
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Capital of Lithuania
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Vilnuis
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Capital of Ireland
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Dublin
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Capital of Romania
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Bucharest
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Capital of Spain
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Madrid
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Capital of Portugal
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Lisbon
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Capital of Poland
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Warsaw
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Capital of Hungary
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Budapest
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Capital of Sweden
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Stockholm
