question

The ability of the Plains Indians to resist white expansion was severely damaged by the

answer

destruction of the buffalo

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In its treaties with Native Americans, the American goverment generally

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showed little interest in honoring them

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Probably the most famous of all precious metal strikes in the West, the site of the Comstock Lode and teh Big Bonanza, was

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Virginia City, Nevada

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In 1887, Congress passed the Dawes Severalty Act, which was intended to

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persuade Indians to abandon their traditional tribal cultures

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Partly as a result of the Ghost Dance movement, the army killed some 150 Teton Sioux at ________ in 1890.

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Wounded Knee, South Dakota

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Barbed wire was invented by

answer

Joseph F. Glidden

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The two railroads joined in 1869 to form the first transcontinental railroad were the

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Central Pacific and the Union Pacific

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Cattle herds were driven across the unsettled grasslands of the _______ Trail on their way to the railroadto Abilene, Kansas.

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Chisholm

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The discovery that cattle could feed on the prairie grasses of the public domain of the nothern plains led to the development of

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open-range ranching

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The Homestead Act of 1862

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failed to fill the West with 160-acre family farms because most landless Americans were simply too poor to become farmers

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When J.P. Morgan assembled the United States Steel, he

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formed the first billion-dollar corporation

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In 1890, Congress tried to restore competition by outlawing the restraint of interstate trade by corporate monopolies with the ________ Act.

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Sherman Antitrust

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The leader of the American Railway Union in its dramatic 1894 strike against the Pullman Palace Car Company was

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Eugene Debs

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In the late nineteenth century "Commodore" Cornelius Vanderbilt, Thomas A. Scott, and Jay Gould organized

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complex, transcontiental railroad lines

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The federal regulatory board, established in 1887 by Congress to supervise the affairs of railroads, investigate complaints, and issue "cease and desist" orders against railroads acting illegally, was the

answer

Interstate Commerce Commission

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By the end of the nineteenth century, U.S. industrial capacity

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dwarfed both Great Britian's and Germany's

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The ______ process directed a stream of air into a mass of molten iron, burning off impurities, and greatly lowered the price of steel.

answer

Bessemer

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By the middle of the 1880s, _________ monopolized the oil industry in the United States.

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John D. Rockefeller

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As a result of the ________, membership in the Knights Labor declined quickly because the public associated unions with violence and radicalism.

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Haymarket Square riot

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The first giant corporations, capitalized in the hundreds of millions of dollars, were

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interregional railroad systems

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Barbed wire destroyed the open-range cattle industry because it

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prevented the free movement of cattle

question

In 1851, the government negotiated a new policy with the Plains tribes based on a divide-and-conquer strategy. This was known as the "_________" policy

answer

concentration

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_______ were/was essential to the culture, religion, and sustenance of the Plains Indians.

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Bison

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Which of the following was a law passed by Congress in 1882 that prohibited Chinese immigration to the United States? Was overturned in 1943.

answer

Chinese Exclusion Act

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Which of the following was a belief that Charles Darwin's theory of the evolution of species also applied to social and economic institutions and practices? It asserted that the "fittest" enterprises or individuals prevailed, while those that were defective naturally faded away; society thus progressed most surely when competition was unrestricted by government.

answer

Social Darwinism

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Which of the following was a farmers' organization founded in 1867 by Oliver H. Kelley? It initially provided social and cultural benefits but then supported legislation, known as the Granger laws, providing for railroad regulation.

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National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry

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Andrew Carnegie dominated the ________ industry.

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steel

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Henry George, Edward Bellamy, and Henry Demarest Lloyd were all late-nineteenth-century

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radical reformers

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Which of the following interests of Alexander Graham Bell's led to the invention of the telephone?

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deaf education

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Known as the "Wizard of Menlo Park," the inventor of the phonograph and the electric light bulb was

answer

Thomas A. Edison

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In the decades following the Civil War, which area of the county became known as the "breadbasket" of America?

answer

the Plains states west of the Mississippi

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The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 set the pattern for government land grants by giving the builders of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads

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five square miles of public land on each side of their right-of-way for every mile of track laid.

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The first union to welcome blacks, women, and immigrants into its ranks was the

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Knights of Labor

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A residential apartment building, common in New York in the late 1800s, that was built on a tiny lot without consideration of proper lighting and ventilation was known as a

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tenement

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In Thorstein Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class (1899) he

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Correct theorized that middle-class consumption was done mainly for superficial purposes.

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Urban transportation was revolutionized and urban development was redirected in the 1880s by

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electric trolleys.

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The emphasis of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. on evolutionary change had a profound impact upon twentieth-century

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jurisprudence

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A form of education which illustrated the popular desire for new information in the late nineteenth century was the

answer

Chautauqua movement.

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American painters of the late nineteenth century such as Winslow Homer and Thomas Eakins painted in a style called

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realism

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The real name of the first great American realist, Mark Twain, was

answer

Samuel L. Clemens.

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The first newspaper editor to reach a truly massive audience without abandoning his basic integrity was

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Joseph Pulitzer.

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The late-nineteenth-century theory of the Teutonic origins of democracy

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argued that the roots of democracy and the rule of law were found in the ancient tribes of northern Europe.

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According to German educator Johann Friedrich Herbart, good teaching called for

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psychological insight and imagination.

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In 1869, Harvard introduced the _____ system and took the lead in reforming higher education in the Gilded Age.

answer

elective

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The effects of Darwinism in America were apparent in the philosophy of ________ which stated that all truths are constantly evolving and can be judged only by their concrete results.

answer

pragmatism

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The most influential philosopher of his times and the main exponent of pragmatism was

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William James.

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Middle-class families in the late nineteenth century became

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smaller because women married later in life and practiced abstinence

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The new nativism of the late nineteenth century was exemplified by the

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American Protective Association

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In 1891, James Naismith invented the game of

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Basketball

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Many Americans believed that ________ were responsible for cholera epidemics.

answer

immigrants

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Louis H. Sullivan was closely associated with

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the development of the skyscraper

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In the new types of work women found in the late nineteenth century, they

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were often hired as salespersons in department stores because managers considered them easier to control than men

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The response of American intellectuals such as Walt Whitman and Henry Adams to the new industrial civilization was to

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denounce it as leading to the worship of money and material success

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The educator John Dewey insisted that

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education was the fundamental method of social progress

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The late-nineteenth century theory of the Teutonic origins of democracy

answer

argued that the roots of democracy and the rule of law were found in the ancient tribes of northern Europe.

question

In 1870, most American colleges were

answer

small and intellectually stagnant with few professors of any intellectual repute

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One of the first books to treat sex forthright was

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Sister Carrie

question

In the late nineteenth century, John Hopkins, Jonas Clark, and John D. Rockerfeller were all

answer

wealthy founders of new universities

question

One result of the gold and sliver rushes of the late nineteenth century was

answer

an improved financial position for American world trade

question

President Cleveland intervened in the Pullman strike on the pretext that

answer

the mail had to be delivered

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Walter Camp played a major role in establishing

answer

football as a major sport

question

Characters asked themselves, "what would jesus do?" in Charles M. Sheldon's best selling Social Gospel novel

answer

In His Steps

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The Chicago's Hull House was

answer

Jane Addams

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The community centers started by idealistic young people to guide and help the urban poor were

answer

settlement houses

question

Real-life rages-to-riches experiences, like those of Andrew Carnegie, were

answer

rare exceptions

question

In his frontier thesis, Fredrick Jackson Turner argued that

answer

the frontier gave Americans their unique character

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Beginning in the 1880's, the source of American immigration shirted to new immigrants from

answer

southern and eastern Europe

question

One of the causes which eventually led to restrictions on immigration was the

answer

social Darwinists' fear that immigrants would undermine American "racial purity"

question

In The Higher Learning in America, Thorstein Veblen

answer

criticized the intrusions of business into universities

question

Vassar College holds the distinction of

answer

being the first college for women

question

Social Gospelers believed

answer

the church should focus on improving the lives of the poor, ending child labor, and regulating the power of big corporations

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