In his Encyclical “Pacem In Terris” of April 11, 1963, the Holy Father Pope John XXIII wrote of Peace as greatly desired, elusive, and can only be attained if man will faithfully adhere to the order established by God. This papal letter discussed the natural order of the universe, the prevailing conditions in the world that threatens such order and what must be done to re-establish it. This encyclical was about the complex issue of Peace and as Vicar of Christ he urged men to come together and bring peace back into the world.
Peace, in Pacem In Terris, was presented in an entirely different way from the usual treatment of peace as the antithesis of war or conflict. The Holy Father explained sub-issues like human rights, wisdom, duties and responsibilities, truth, justice, freedom, charity, equality, individuals and public authorities or figures in power, internation
...al relations, minorities, armaments and arms race, economic conditions, international organizations like the United Nations, science, technology and professions, inter-faith, education, moral obligations, sins and sinners, and generosity.
These sub-issues all connect to his thoughts on the divine order or the God-ordained peace. In the years that spanned the time of this encyclical, the world was marked with events like the advances in the space program, efforts to ban nuclear tests, armed political conflicts and the assassination of John F. Kennedy. On the space program the Holy Father wrote, “Progress of scientific knowledge and the inventions of technology is the Infinite Greatness of God Himself” (Pacem in Terris, 2).
On armed conflicts the encyclical contained, “A clash of interests and states … must be settled in a truly humane way, not by armed force
or by deceit, or trickery” (Pacem in Terris, 93). The pope was definite on nuclear weapons. He wrote, “Nuclear weapons must be banned” (Pacem in Terris, 112). The Kennedy assassination can be taken in the light of a very basic human right. According to the Holy Father, “…we must first speak of man’s right. Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity” (Pacem in Terris, 11). The encyclical was expansive as it was lengthy.
It would be difficult for the reader to follow the Holy Father’s thoughts. There were parts when one can not tell the drift. The hook came at the 166th part and after finishing all of 172, one can liken it to the sermon at the pulpit that at some point the preacher had lost his audience. However, an encyclical was not for ordinary and leisure reading. It was meant for the scholarly, the theologians and the elite group of the Catholic Church. Pacem in Terris was a very thorough and insightful papal letter. It was spiritually enriching as it was informative.
It touched all aspects of peace, its origin, how it had been lost, and how it can be won back. There is promise in the words of Pope Pius XII “nothing is lost by peace, everything may be lost in war” (Pacem In Terris, 116). Pope John XXIII had added a new dimension and definition for peace as that of a divine established order. Peace was so interestingly expounded by the Vicar of the Prince of Peace. After reading the encyclical, the Peace that we know as the absence of war and conflict will not be simply
that. It will be the Peace that was seen through the heart and mind of a holy man.
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