HM 271 Exam 1 (Ch. 1, 2, 4, 5) – Flashcards

-operational systems
-technology to track and communicate with people
-big picture technology knowledge
-microsoft office

-spreadsheets
-data analytics
-time and attendance
-payroll
-microsoft office

-PMS
-reservation system
-revenue management system
-guest response system
-concierge system
-in-room amenities (mini bars, movies, safes)
-microsoft office

-revenue management system
-reservation system
-PMS
-sales and catering system
-microsoft office

-sales and catering system
-sales force automation
-website and E-commerce
-social media
-revenue management system
-meeting room layout
-microsoft office

-point-of-sale technology
-inventory management
-recipe management
-table management
-reservations
-labor forecasting and scheduling
-microsoft office

-HR and information system
-payroll
-benefits
-online training
-time and attendance
-internet
-microsoft office

-access control systems
-surveillance
-fire alarm
-microsoft office

-heating
-ventilation
-AC (HVAC)
-energy management system
-preventative maintenance system
-microsoft office

-PMS
-labor forecasting and scheduling
-microsoft office

-operating systems
-hardware platforms
-programming languages
-network and communications -architecture
-email server
-antivirus technology
-microsoft office

IT Wave Trend
expected number of technology advances continue to grow at alarming rates

IT Wave Trend

IT Wave Trend
increased emphasis on IT and investment

IT Wave Trend
cost of labor and scarcity of people will require greater focus on technology

-differentiation
-efficiency
-resource capabilities
-cost reduction
-information asymmetry

all the primary and support activities of the firm required to produce products and services that generate revenues and drive profits

people who can cross multiple areas of knowledge

Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
taking inventory of your skills and core competencies

Chief Informational Officer
represents the ultimate business-IT liaison and should report to CEO

Chief Technology Officer
reports to the CIO and is responsible for the firm’s technology infrastructure, network, architecture, computers, etc.

still must be knowledgeable of IT

using technology as a tool to gain competitive advantage

coming together of numerous technologies to make great things happen
-telecommunication
-information technology
-interactive multimedia content
-broadcast media

strategic vision

getting the most value from firm resources or assets as measured by ROA

theoretical underpinning of strategy and the concept of competitive advantage

-environmental events
-strategic choices and competitive methods
-resource allocation decisions
-firm performance and competitive advantage

to focus on investments on areas that will have the greatest impact on growth and profitability on business

-a measure of a firm’s profitability
-reflects cash flows from investments
-illustrates management’s effectiveness with environmental scanning
-demonstrates how a business utilizes assets

-addresses barriers to enter market
-intra-industry rivalries
-buyer power
-supplier power
-substitute products

-low-cost producer
-product differentiation
-market niche focus

things that lock in a customer to a product or company

resource-based view (RBV)
-places great emphasis on competitive efficiency, business value, and management productivity
-uses such measures as revenue growth rate, ROI, ROA, profits, and net worth (macro-level)

RBV
identifies specific attributes of an IT application that are known to contribute to competitive advantage (micro-level)

CAPITA (5 dimensions)
extent to which an IT application allows a firm to produce products and services at prices lower than its competitors

CAPITA
extent to which an IT application provides the functions and capabilities required by users

CAPITA
impact of an IT application on the balance of power between suppliers and buyers

CAPITA
early adoption of an IT application

CAPITA
degree of integration between an IT application and the firm’s goals, strategys, and environment

hidden competitive edge

enable the best business practices
the USE of technology is important

-functionality
-flexibility
-usability
-scalability
-portability
-maintainability
-interoperability

-training
-integration and testing
-customization
-data conversion
-project delays and overruns

competitive advantage

the foundation upon which businesses are built

time and knowledge
-focus on business agility
-constantly collect good data to quickly convert into knowledge that can be shared throughout

perishable
-create a culture that supports and promotes learning and innovation
-use IT tool to better manage

greater
you can’t run tomorrow’s organization with yesterday’s skills or tools

-business initiatives
-structure
-motivation
-leadership

-develop customer relationships
-drive innovation
-improve operations
-build partner connections

a transmission system that connects two or more applications running different computers

-security
-safety
-reliability

-anytime a computer communicates with another computer in a small setting (ex: computer to printer in an office)
-local businesses
-allow resources to be shared

-nodes: all stations on a network which are ease-of-use touch screens
-nodes need NIC to join a network

-switches: where data travels through
-routers: networks communicating between networks

-routes communication on the network and manages network resource
-resides on server
-boss of LAN

when the fast bits travel from one computer to the next

-twisted copper wires (phone line)
-coaxial cable: cable TV
-fiber optics (local)
-wireless

weakening of signal

significantly degrades network performance

-most well known network
-founded by US military

-type of error checking to be used
-data compression method
-how the sending device will indicate that it’s finished sending the message
-how the receiving device will indicate it’s received the message

-est. by Department of Defense 1970s
-layers that govern data flow through the software/hardware of sending/receiving computing devices

IP addresses provide location of a node (numbers)

provides letters instead of numbers

-email
-IM
-file transfer protocol (data transmission)

-most recognizeable
-NOT INTERCHANGEABLE WITH INTERNET
-part of the internet
-uses TCP/IP protocol
-URL uses DNS server to point to Web resources and addresses

-cellular: geographic areas divided into cells (towers)
-long term evolution (LTE): 4th generation technology with WiMax as a separate offering

IP TV and internet phone service

processing power, storage, and applications on service that can be accessed via internet

generic software was made available over the internet

customized application tailored to a specific company’s needs and stored on their servers via internet

various forms of communication can be managed in 1 mailbox which facilitates communication

provides secure connection to different sites of an enterprise over the internet

prohibit users from accessing internet resources through user verification and passwords

-popular form of attack is denial of service attack where routers and other devices on the internet are co-opted and forms
-can spread viruses (worms, Trojan horses, spyware)

scrambling of messages

-methods used to get in the door of a network and wreak havoc on websites or illegally download data
-one party calling another party and tricking that party into giving access info

fake emails that trick user into providing info such as social security or bank account numbers

software which analyzes network for irregularities

transactions are merely adopting the latest communication tool – the internet

B2B, B2C, C2C

-buying bulk from another company
-e-procurement
-seeing increased growth

company sells something to consumer

2 individuals doing business with each other

pop-ups

Ebay, Expedia

-blogs
-people no longer do this because they can find it free somewhere else

-making purchase via mobile
-GPS tracks where purchasers are and can show them where they can buy things nearby

-store web pages
-track “hits” to see what consumer is interested in
-E-commerce server: links payment systems like availability, price, shipping

gives companies tools to manage and update web material

quick web downloaded and makes sure all links to other web sites are active

customer purchases and behaviors are compared to other customers to predict future purchases

-records exactly when and which website customer is
-helps understand customer habits

-small bits of text that are written into hard drive by someone else during a website visit
-how websites welcome you back

changing zip code on accuweather to see local weather

meshing 2 apps together like weather app on calendar of each day

computer device being set to constant updates or live feeds

syndication where many people can see the original work online

-agents used to find info
-GOOGLE
-crawlers, paid listings, meta-tag, SEO

-search sites that add new sites as to relevance searched

-charge businesses to get websites higher up on search engines

-searches relevance of topic
-what you type on google tajes you to website with that meta

increase rankings on search engine

-creation of illegitimate sites that appear to be published by the org
-set up professional looking storefronts to try to take credit card info

competitor or angry customer can alter your website so that it refuses service to potential clients

when hackers intercept transmissions to obtain your customer’s sensitive info

content of a transaction can be intercepted and altered a different route (user names, credit cars, $)

-securing your website
-low cost
-digital certificate (electronic equivalent to business license)

-securing your website
-issue server IDs
-vouch for your right to use your company name and address

-industry standard protocol for secure web-based communications
-provide authentication, message privacy, message integrity

your customers can verify web site belongs to you and not an imposter

encrypts all info exchanged between web server and customers

-when message is sent, sending and receiving computers each generate a code based on message content
-if anything is altered, the receiving computer will alert the recipient that the message isn’t legit

more expensive computer with lots of memory, space, and fast CPU
-primary role: provide resources to client files, print, web, and database
-client, peer-to-peer, cloud
-interview: voice EDI

client requests resources from the server such as files, records, or service

possess the same potential communications, capabilities, initiatives

storage over internet

-one common piece networking equipment
-hotels
-makes leasing phone lines less costly

-long distance communications
-telephone system
-ATT=1st nationwide network

-combining of voice, video, and data into one experience
-media streams
-Verizon Fios, cable, and internet in a package

-convergence
-instrument through which nodes communicate (medium)

-convergence
-modulates digital signal converting it to analog
-aids in network transmissions

-1st type of larger networks
-network of larger geography than a LAN
-speed up data transmission over long distances
-transfer rate dependent on bandwidth

-difference between highest and lowest point of signal
-channels and mediums can be improved by newer technologies

-transmission technology
-operate over existing phone lines but require specific hardware to digitize signal
-can reach 9mbps or greater over short distances
-phone company’s 1st venture into the broadband or high speed market

-transmission technology
-use existing cable lines and can transmit up to 10mbps with increasing speeds

-transmission technology
-dedicated phone connection with 24 of the RJ 11 phone lines
-trunk lines
-move data 1.54mbps

-utility companies providing fiber networks
-link load balancer: can operate multiple mediums in a cost efficient manner