General Psychology CH 7 – Flashcards
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___________ is a method for comparing mental age and chronological age that was adopted for use with the revised Binet intelligence test. A) Stern's formula B) the validity test C) the standard deviation D) practical equivalence
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A) stern's formula
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Gardner theorized that there are ____ types of intelligence. A) two B) four C) countless D) nine
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D) nine
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Which of the following aspects is included in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligences? A) linguistic B) analytical C) logical D) spatial
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B) analytical
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One thing IQ tests do well is: A) predict one's later success in life B) test the intelligence of children across all cultures C) measure emotional health D) predict academic success
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A) predict one's later success in life
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Only differences among people in general can be investigated for the influence of genes because genes always interact with: A) gender B) environmental factors C) ecological factors D) biological factors
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B) environmental factors
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Dovorah has deficits in her cognitive functioning. These limitations were not really recognized until she got to school and her learning difficulties became apparent. As an adult, she is a fairly concrete thinker, although she is capable of living independently with a small amount of regular assistance. Dovorah is probably best described as suffering from ________ intellectual disability. A) severe B) mild C) profound D) moderate
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B) mild
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Intelligence testing began in France because French educators wanted: A) a way to identify students in need of more help with learning B) to find out if their teaching methods were effective C) a way to categorize their schoolchildren D) a way to identify gifted students
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A) a way to identify students in need of more help with learning
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Samantha does really well with managing her own emotions, as well as recognizing and understanding the emotions of others around her. It could be said that Samantha has a high level of _______. A) self-esteem B) "book smarts" C) emotional intelligence D) optimism
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C) emotional intelligence
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In The Bell Curve, Herrnstein and Murray made the unfounded claim that: A) gifted people are more prone to mental illness B) intelligence is largely inherited C) the heritability of intelligence is about 0.50 D) IQ tests have socioeconomic biases
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B) intelligence is largely inherited
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Language allows people to ______ and _______. A) communicate with one another; dream more vividly B) make sounds; dream more vividly C) communicate with one another; represent their own mental activity D) use symbols; think
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C) communicate with one another; represent their own mental activity
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Three-year-old Jamal is learning how to wait his turn to talk during circle time in preschool. Jamal is learning the ____ of language. A) phonemes B) morphemes C) semantics D) pragmatics
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D) pragmatics
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Derrick was given a test where he had to identify morphemes. In one particular case, he was asked to identify the number of morphemes in the word "rescuer." If Derrick answered correctly, he was able to identify _____ morpheme(s). A) one B) four C) three D) two
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D) two
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According to linguist Noam Chomsky, a language acquisition device (or LAD): A) is present in all animals and helps them learn symbols for language B) is an innate human ability to understand and produce language C) is the latest technology in teaching deaf people to talk D) is a device that aids in language translation for international business
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B) is an innate human ability to understand and produce language
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_______ believed that concepts become the "pegs" from which words are "hung." A) Chomsky B) Vygotsky C) Piaget D) Whorf
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C) Piaget
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Jeremy wants to improve his cognitive health. Which of the following should he do? A) increase unfocused mental exercises B) decrease brain stimulation C) increase physical exercise D) decrease aerobic exercise
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C) increase physical exercise
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People who believe that aliens have come to earth may disregard evidence that crop circles are human-made. This is an example of: A) functional fixedness B) insight C) a representative heuristic D) conformation bias
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D) conformation bias
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The ________ heuristic is based on one's estimation of the frequency or likelihood of an event based on how easy it is to recall relevant information from memory or how easy it is to think of related examples. A) self-serving B) representativeness C) availability D) hindsight
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C) availability
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The term that refers to the mental activity that takes place in the brain when a person is processing information, and includes things such as problem solving, communication, and organization of material, is: A) brain scanning B) rumination C) cognition D) mental imaging
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C) congnition
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Trial and error is another term for: A) mechanical solution B) heuristic C) means-ends analysis D) rule of thumb
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A) mechanical solution
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Which of the following is the best example of a prototype of a car? A) a truck B) a child's toy C) a sedan D) an SUV
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C) a sedan
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Erik dropped a note under his car seat and couldn't find it. He looked all through the glove compartment for a flashlight so that he could get a better look under his seat. He later realized he could have just held his cell phone under the seat to help illuminate the area. This is an example of: A) conformation bias B) a mental set C) a heuristic D) functional fixedness
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D) functional fixedness
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In waking up and getting ready for class in the morning, one might follow a(n): A) algorithm B) prototype C) script D) natural concept
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C) script
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PET scans show areas of the _______ being activated during the process of forming an image. A) visual cortex B) temporal lobes C) parietal lobes D) hippocampus
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A) visual cortex
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Alyssa has to write a research paper discussing the effects of video games on child behavior. Alyssa believes that video games lead to bad behavior in children, and only finds research that supports her views. Alyssa's inability to find information that supports more than her viewpoint is a demonstration of _______. A) conformation bias B) convergent thinking C) divergent thinking D) functional fixedness
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A) conformation bias
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Whether a whale is a fish or a mammal is an example of a: A) superordinate concept B) schema C) prototype D) "fuzzy" natural concept
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D) "fuzzy" natural concept
