Chapter 8 Effective learning environment – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
What kind of strategies are involved in classroom management (in addition to preventing and responding the misbehavior)?
answer
Creating an atmosphere that is interesting and uses activities to engage students. Use classtime well Preventing and responding to misbehavior
question
What is the term for the time measure "that is most frequently found to contribute to learning"?
answer
engaged time or time on task
question
What lesson did Salganik (1980) derive from his study of an outstanding inner-city school? (Note: this is why Dr. Zigler does NOT like to let his classes out early. Slavin calls this "shortchanging students").
answer
don't waste time
question
What is the difference between engaged time (aka time on-task) and allocated time? And what is considered the "best way to increase students time on task?- not found
answer
Allocated time is time spent teaching engaged time is the time spent on learning
question
Identify group alerting and overlapping.
answer
questioning strategies to keep students alert attending to interruptions and teaching at the same time
question
How does classroom management differ in a "student-centered" classroom from a "traditionally organized classroom"?
answer
traditional organized classroom students have few choices as to what they want to do and few interactions with each other
question
Summarize what research by Evertson and Emmer suggests all teachers should do during the first days of school. What about the first week or two of class?
answer
specific plan for introducing students to class rules and procedures Work with the whole class initially Use simple enjoyable tasks as first activities
question
What are some of the specific procedures (rules & routines) that teachers may wish to teach to students during the first days of the school year?
answer
Be courteous to others Respect others' property be on task raise hands to be recognized
question
What are the three principles that govern the process of setting class rules?
answer
should be few in number make sense& seem fair and clearly explained &taught to students
question
What does the text suggest is a "major purpose of clearly explaining general class rules" to students?
answer
give a moral authority to for specific procedures
question
What is meant by the principle of least or simplest intervention? What does it have to do with "nonverbal cues".
answer
simplest form of intervention when dealing with misbehavior. such as making eye contact
question
What are the two different forms of "praising" that can be used as a classroom management strategy? And, what is the "broken record" strategy?
answer
praise students for act of doing right praise other students repeated a reminder when it doesnt help the first time
question
Why is certainty of consequences more important than severity of consequences when it comes to student misbehavior?
answer
severity might cause resentment and certainity makes sure the students knows there will be a consequence for misbehavior
question
What is the most common reinforcer for misbehavior in the classroom?
answer
attention such as one on one tutoring
question
What are the two primary responses recommended for teachers so they may address peer-supported misbehavior?
answer
remove student from class and group contingencies (when groups of students of students are rewarded on the basis of everyone's behavior
question
What is the "best solution for misbehaviors arising from boredom, frustration or fatigue"?
answer
prevention
question
What are the steps of an applied behavior analysis program?
answer
identify target behaviors and reinforcers Establish a baseline for target behavior Choose a reinforcer and criteria for reinforcement If necessary choose a punisher and criteria for punishment Observe behavior during problem and compare it to baseline When the behavior management program is working reduce frequency of reinforcement
question
What are O'Leary and O'Leary's seven principles for the effective and humane use of punishment?
answer
use punishment sparingly Make it clear to child why he or she is being punished Provide the child with an alternative to obtaining positive reinforcement Reinforce childs behavior you wish to weaken Never use physical punishment Never punish when you are angry or emotional Punish a behavior when it starts rather then when it ends
question
What is the important advantage of using a "time out" as a punisher?
answer
remove students from peers
question
What must teachers do if the wish to create a "home-based reinforcement strategy"? At what point may the daily report be reduced?
answer
give a daily or weekly report card and have parent reward students
question
Identify group contingencies and group contingency program.
answer
A reinforcement system in which an entire group is rewarded on the basis of he behavior of the group members
question
What does your author believe is the ethical "danger" inherent in the use of behavioral analysis strategies?
answer
danger teachers might use to overcontrol students
question
Why is it that "democratic, participatory classroom" can help prevent serious behavior problems?
answer
it gives students ways of achieving recognition and control in a positive environment, reducing the need to act out.
question
What is the role of the delinquent peer group in promoting delinquent acts?
answer
it cannot be overstated. delinquent acts are usually done in groups
question
Why can group contingencies be especially effective with predelinquent students?
answer
predelinquent behavior happens in groups most often and other students would complain if not involved
question
What percentage of students in grades 6 to 10, as well as high school students admitted to participating in bullying?
answer
30%
question
What are the 5 components to "effective approaches to preventing bullying in schools"?
answer
antibullying policy Educate students about it and its negative effects Provide training in social skills and recognize prosocial behavior Monitor where bullying occurs Establish consequences
