Question 1

According to the _____________ metaphor, experiences are stashed in the brain like photographs in an album.   a. storage    b. cache   c. stockpile    d. collector

Accepted Answer

storage

Question 2

Clark\'s nutcrackers apparently recall the location of something like _________ food caches.   a. 100   b. 1,000   c. 2,000    d. 20,000

Accepted Answer

2,000

Question 3

Forgetting is the deterioration of ____________ .   a. performance   b. memory   c. mental processes   d. neurological tissue

Accepted Answer

performance

Question 4

Kamil and Balda found that Clark\'s nutcrackers could recall the location of food caches for up to ____________.   a. 6 hours   b. 6 days   c. 6 weeks   d. 6 months

Accepted Answer

6 months

Question 5

The term _______ memory refers to learned behavior that can be expressed, usually in words.   a. declarative    b. verbal   c. implicit   d. linguistic

Accepted Answer

declarative

Question 6

Endel Tulving said that _____ memories have to do with \"knowledge of the world.\"   a. semantic   b. episodic   c. linguistic   d. academic

Accepted Answer

semantic

Question 7

Jack and Jill go up a hill to fetch a pail of water. Jack falls down and breaks his crown and Jill thinks he   may have suffered a concussion. To test his memory, she asks him if he remembers what happened. Jill   is measuring forgetting by the method known as ____________.   a. relearning    b. extinction   c. free recall   d. prompted recall

Accepted Answer

free recall

Question 8

Another term for episodic memory is ____ memory.  a. autobiographical  b. ancestral  c. sequential  d. frame

Accepted Answer

autobiographical

Question 9

Memories that cannot be expressed are called _____.   a. ineffable   b. nondeclarative    c. explicit   d. motoric

Accepted Answer

nondeclarative

Question 10

Riding a bicycle is an example of _____ memory.   a. rotary   b. procedural    c. physical   d. muscular

Accepted Answer

procedural

Question 11

It turns out that Jack (see item 7) can\'t remember anything that happened from the time he and Jill    started up the hill. Jill takes Jack up the hill again and finds that he remembers seeing the well before.    Jill is measuring forgetting by using ____________.   a. relearning    b. extinction   c. free recall   d. prompted recall

Accepted Answer

prompted recall

Question 12

One measure of forgetting is called delayed matching to sample. This procedures could be considered a form of____________.   a. relearning    b. extinction   c. free recall   d. prompted recall

Accepted Answer

prompted recall

Question 13

To measure forgetting, Ebbinghaus used the ____________ method.   a. relearning    b. extinction   c. free recall   d. prompted recall

Accepted Answer

relearning

Question 14

The first person to demonstrate the relationship between forgetting and degree of learning was    probably____________ .   a. Krueger   b. Ebbinghaus    c. Underwood   d. Dunlap

Accepted Answer

Ebbinghaus

Question 15

Forgetting can be measured as a flattening of the generalization gradient, a procedure called    gradient____________.   a. leveling   b. degradation   c. reduction   d. deterioration

Accepted Answer

degradation

Question 16

Forgetting can be studied by requiring the subject to match a stimulus presented earlier, a procedure called ____________.   a. DMTS    b. MTSD   c. MTS   d. the extinction method

Accepted Answer

DMTS

Question 17

When measuring forgetting using the extinction method, the behavior studied is ___________.  a. put on extinction before the retention interval   b. put on extinction after the retention interval   c. alternately extinguished and retrained  d. completely extinguished before training begins

Accepted Answer

put on extinction after the retention interval

Question 18

The first person to argue that the passage of time does not cause forgetting was probably __________.   a. Ebbinghaus   b. McGeoch   c. Steinmetz   d. Underwood

Accepted Answer

McGeoch

Question 19

Harry Bahrick\'s studies of forgetting have involved retention inervals of up to _______.  a. five weeks   b.five months  c. five years  d. five decades

Accepted Answer

five decades

Question 20

The \"man who couldn\'t forget\" was studied by__________.   a. Freud   b. Luria    c. Ebbinghaus   d. Underwood

Accepted Answer

Luria

Question 21

The Chase and Simon study comparing chess masters and ordinary players showed that when chess pieces were arranged in random order, ____________ .  a. chess masters forgot less   b. ordinary players forgot less  c. chess masters and ordinary players forgot about the same amount   d. chess masters learned more and forgot more

Accepted Answer

chess masters and ordinary players forgot about the same amount

Question 22

Meaningful material is forgotten less readily than nonsense material. This shows the importance of ____________.   a. insight   b. previous learning   c. subsequent learning   d. understanding

Accepted Answer

previous learning

Question 23

When what we learned on Monday interferes with our ability to recall what we learned the following    Tuesday, we speak of ____________.   a. proactive interference    b. retroactive interference   c. overlearning   d. the training effect

Accepted Answer

proactive interference

Question 24

In _________ learning, two stimuli, A and B, are presented, and the task is then to recall B when    presented with A.   a. AB    b. ABA   c. paired associate    d. conjoined stimulus

Accepted Answer

paired associate

Question 25

Sir Frederick Barlett\'s classic study of forgetting used the story, _________.   a. The Tortoise and the Hare   b. The War of the Ghosts    c. The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit   d. Lassie Come Home

Accepted Answer

The War of the Ghosts

Question 26

The work of Levine and Murphy suggests that people are more likely to forget what they read if they ____________.   a. agree with it   b. disagree with it    c. are ambivalent about it   d. wrote it

Accepted Answer

disagree with it

Question 27

A study of immobilized cockroaches showed the importance of ________________ in forgetting.   a. sleep   b. state dependent learning   c. proactive interference   d. retroactive interference

Accepted Answer

retroactive interference

Question 28

The Jenkins and Dallenback study of forgetting after sleep suggests that forgetting is a function of ____________.    a. learning    b. fatigue   c. time   d. failure to use mnemonics

Accepted Answer

learning

Question 29

When forgetting occurs because the environment during recall is different from the environment    during training, it is said to be ____________.   a. cue-dependent    b. environment triggered   c. stimulus triggered   d. venue triggered

Accepted Answer

cue-dependent

Question 30

Loftus found that eyewitness reports are influenced by the words used to ask about the event. In one   experiment, she found that use of the word \"smashed\" produced higher estimates of car speed than use of the word____________.   a. struck    b. banged   c. crashed    d. hit

Accepted Answer

hit

Question 31

The names of the Great Lakes can be recalled with help of the acronym, _______.   a. HURON   b. HOMES    c. HOUSE   d. MOUSE

Accepted Answer

HOMES

Question 32

A system for learning with flash cards is known by the acronym____________.   a. FLASH   b. SPDLN   c. SAFMEDS    d. IDANO

Accepted Answer

SAFMEDS

Question 33

Forgetting is a deterioration in learned performance following a period without practice

Accepted Answer

True

Question 34

Declarative knowledge is also called explicit knowledge.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 35

The \"savings method\" is one way of measuring forgetting

Accepted Answer

True

Question 36

The measure of forgetting called gradient degradation has to do with extinction.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 37

The length of the retention interval is unrelated to the degree of forgetting.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 38

The Jenkins and Dallenback study of forgetting after sleep suggests that forgetting is a function of   learning

Accepted Answer

True

Question 39

The name Benton Underwood is associated with paired associate learning.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 40

Marjory memorized her part in the school play thoroughly in her apartment, but found that she   couldn\'t remember her lines at rehearsal. Her trouble is consistent with the effects of context cues

Accepted Answer

True

Question 41

In one of Rovee-Collier`s experiments with babies and mobiles, after a retention interval there was no sign of forgetting when the context was the same as that during training

Accepted Answer

True

Question 42

The period between the end of a learning experience and its recall is called the _______ interval.

Accepted Answer

Retention

Question 43

Declarative memories include _______ and _______ memories

Accepted Answer

Semantic, episodic

Question 44

When the task is to identify stimuli to which the subject was exposed earlier, the measure of forgetting used is called_______.

Accepted Answer

Recognition

Question 45

Studies of interference often involve learning pairs of words. This procedure is called paired _______ learning

Accepted Answer

Associate

Question 46

Bob is introduced to Matilda at a party. A few minutes later he is introduced to Harriet. When he   meets Matilda again, he can\'t recall her name. This is most likely an example of _______ interference.

Accepted Answer

Retroactive

Question 47

When performance varies with an organism\'s physiological condition, it is said to be _______ .

Accepted Answer

State-dependent

Chapter 12: Forgetting – Flashcards

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