AP Psychology-Parts of the Brain (Pearson) – Flashcards
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Reticular Formation (RF)
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An area of neurons running through the middle of the medulla and the pons and slightly beyond that play a role in general arousal, alertness, and sleep
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Cerebellum
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Part of the lower brain located behind the pons that controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor movement
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Limbic System
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A group of several brain structures located under the cortex and involved in learning, emotion, memory, and motivation
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Thalamus
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Part of the limbic system located in the center of the brain, this structure relays sensory information from the lower part of the brain to the proper areas of the Cortez and processes some sensory information before sending it to its proper area
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Hypothalamus
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Small structure in the brain located below the thalamus and directly above the pituitary gland, responsible for motivational behavior such as sleep, hunger, thirst, and sex
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Hippocampus
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Curved structure located within each temporal lobe, responsible for the formation of long-term memories and the storage of memory for location of objects
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Amygdala
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Brain structure located near the hippocampus, responsible for fear responses and memory of fear
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Corpus Callosum
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Thick band of neurons that connects the right and left cerebral hemisphere
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Occipital Lobe
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Section of the brain located at the rear and bottom of each cerebral hemisphere containing the visual centers of the brain
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Parietal Lobes
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Sections of the brain located at the top and back of each cerebral hemisphere containing the centers for touch, taste, and temperature sensations
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Temporal Lobes
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Areas of the cortex located just behind the temples containing the neurons responsible for the sense of hearing and meaningful speech
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Frontal Lobes
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Areas of the cortex located in the front and top of the brain, responsible for higher mental processes and decision making as well as the production of fluent speech
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Brain Stem
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Section of the brain that connects directly to the spinal cord and regulates vital functions such as breathing, the heart, reflexes and level of awareness.
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Medulla
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The first large swelling at the top of the spinal cord, forming the lowest part of the brain, which is responsible for life-sustaining functions such as breathing, swallowing, and heart rate
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Pons
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The larger swelling above the medulla that connects the top of the brain to the bottom and that plays a part in sleep, dreaming, left-right body coordination, and arousal
