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Old English (Anglo-Saxon) Period

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Express religious faith and give moral instruction through literature; Early English epic poems such as Beowulf, The Wanderer and The Seafarer

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Elizabethan Age

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Shakespeare's "Twelfth Night", "Much Ado about Nothing" and "Richard III" Marlowe's "Tamburlaine the Great", "Dr. Faustus", "The Jew of Malta", and "edward II" Spencer's "The Faerie Queene"

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Jacobean Age

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Shakespeare's "The Tempest", "Othello", "King Lear", "Hamlet", MacBeth", his sonnets Donne's songs, sonnets, and elegies Bacon's "Reports" Johnson "Volpone" (or The Fox)

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Caroline Age

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Milton's "Paradise Lost" Herbert's "The Temple" Herrick's "Hesperides" Carew's "An Elegy upon the Death of the Dean of Pauls "Dr. John Donne"

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Commonwealth Period

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Hobbes "Leviathan" Milton's "The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates Hutchinson's "Memoirs of the Life of Colonel John Hutchinson"

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The Restoration and the 18th Century

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Dryden;s "The Conquest of Granada" and "Alexander's Feast" Pope's "The Rape of the Lock" Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" Locke's "Two Treaties of Government"

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The Romantic Period

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Keats's "Lamia", "Isabella", "The Eve of St. Agnes", and other Poems Burns's "Pride and Prejudice" and "Northanger Abbey" Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads

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The Victorian Age

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Tennyson's Poems Dickens's "Great Expectations" and "Pickwick Papers" Robert Browning's "Men and Women" Caroll's "Alice in Wonderland" Stevenson's "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde"

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nineteen hundred to Present

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Hardy's "on the Western Circuit" and "The Convergence of Twain" Shaw's "Pymalion" Eliot's 'The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock" Orwell's "1984"

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Beowulf

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450-1066 (Anglo Saxon)

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Canterbury tales, le morte d'arthur

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1066-1500 Middle english

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1500-1600 The Renaissance

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Shakespeare and paradise lost

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1660-1785 The restoration

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Locke's Two Treaties of Government

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1625-1660 Puritan Period

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Walton's, The Compleat Angler, Milton, Lycida

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1630- 1760 Colonial Period

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Franklin's, Poor Richard's Almanack, Edward's, Freedom and Will

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realism

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style of writing that strives to depict life accurately without idealizing or romanticizing

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Harlem Renaissance 1920s

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cultural movement led by African-American writers, musicians, and artists. Hughes, Countee Cullen

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1945-present Contemporary Period

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Arthur Millers, crucible and death of a salesman, morrison's beloved, salinger's the catcher in the rye, Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar

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Greek

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800 to 400 BC

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Roman

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250 BC to AD 150

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Middle English/Medieval

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1066-1500

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Renaissance/17th Century

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1500-1600

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Jacobean Age

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1603-1625

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Caroline Age

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1625-1649

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Commonwealth Period

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1649-1669

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The Restoration

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1600-1700

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The Augustan Age/Age of the Pope

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1700-1745

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Puritan/Colonial Literature

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1650-1750

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Age of Reason

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1750-1800

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Romantic Period

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1785-1830

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Gothic Period

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1785-1820

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Victorian Period

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1832-1901

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The Pre-Raphelites

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1848-1860

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Transcendentalism

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1840-1860

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Age of Realism

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1865-1900

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The Edwardian Period/Naturalism

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1901-1914

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Post Modernism

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1950-

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Old English/Anglo-Saxon

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450-1066 *Beowolf*

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Elizabethan Age

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558-1603

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Neoclassical Period/18th Century

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1600-1785

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Post Modernism

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1950-

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British Romantics

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Originated in late 18th century when poets wrote about nature and beauty They contrasted the beauty of nature to the harsh reality of the world and cities after the Industrial Revolution Who? Lord Byron, William Wordsworth, William Blake, Percy Bysshe Shelly, John Keats

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Transcendentalism

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Emerged in New England - middle 1800s - Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Margret Fuller, a philosophical and literary movement othat emphasized living a simple life and celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal and imagination

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Middle English Period

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AD 1300-1500 William Langland (1380), Geoffrey Chaucer (1380), Thomas Malory (1450), (1066-1550) Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, More's Utopia, Malory's Le Morte de Arthur and the morality play Everyman; The period in English literature between the replacement of French by English as the language of the court and the appearance of modern writings. This is the period of the Black Death, the age of Chaucer, political and religious unrest, the Peasants Revolt, and the rise of the Lollards.

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British Renaissance

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Years: 1485-1660 Themes: world view shifts from religion and after life to one stressing the human life on earth popular theme: development of human potential popular theme: many aspects of love explored unrequited love, constant love, timeless love, courtly love, love subject to change Key Literature/Authors: William Shakespeare, Donne, Cavalier Poets, Metaphysical Poets, Christopher Marlowe, Andrew Marvell

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British Neoclassical period

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Years: 1660-1798 Themes:emphasis on reason and logic stresses harmony, stability, wisdom Locke: a social contract exists between the government and the people. The government governs guaranteeing "natural rights" of life, liberty, and property Key Literature/Authors: *Alexander Pope, Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift, Samuel Johnson, John Bunyan,

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British Romantic period

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1780-1840. Examples: Keats' Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems; Burns' "Auld Lang Syne" and "Tam o' Shanter"; Shelley's Prometheus Unbound; Byron's Don Juan; and Austen's Pride and Prejudice and Northanger Abbey.

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American Colonial period

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Contemporary Age of Johnson. Colonial and revolutionary writers: Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Paine 1630-1760. Examples: Williams and Hooker's Bay Psalm Book, Franklin's, Poor Richard's Almanack, Bradstreet's The Tenth use Lately Sprung Up in America, and Edward's The Freedom of the Will.

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American Renaissance

answer

A burst of American literature during the 1840s, highlighted by the novels of Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne; the essays of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller; and the poetry of Walt Whitman. Emphasized emotion and inner feeling and created a more democratic literature, accessible to everyone. Women also contributed literary works.

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British Victorian Period

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1840-1900. Examples: Dickens' "Great Expectations," Tennyson's "Poems," Hardy's "Tess of the D'Urbervilles" and "Jude the Obscure," and Browning's "Sonnets from the "Portuguese."

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American naturalistic period

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1880s to 1940s; literary movement that seeks to replicate a believable everyday reality; defining characteristics of literary naturalism is pessimism;apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to its study of human beings. Emile Zola, Edith Wharton, The Age of Innocence; Frank Norris; Stephen Crane ,The Red Badge of Courage; Jack London, Call of the Wild

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modernism Period

answer

A cultural movement embracing human empowerment and rejecting traditionalism as outdated; they presented a profoundly pessimistic picture of a culture in disarray; literature of the post-World War One period. Eliot, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, W.B. Yeats, Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, H.D., Franz Kafka and Knut Hamsun

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Postmodernism Period

answer

postmodernist thought often emphasize idealism, constructivism, relativism, pluralism and scepticism in its approaches to knowledge and understanding; Anais Nin's Under a Glass Bell (1944), William Gass's In the Heart of the Heart of the Country (1968), and Toni Morrison's Beloved (1987).

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43 AD

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Roman Invasion

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600 AD

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Christianity established, St. Augustine in Canterbury

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1215

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Magma Carta- 1st document imposed upon king John by a group of his subjects, attempt to limit his power and protect their rights

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1485

answer

Morte d' Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory

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Medieval Period

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"The Dark Ages"; characterized by war, honor/chivalry, romance, religion; plays (morality); folk ballads. Ex. Chaucer (Canterbury Tales)

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The Renaissance (1485-1625)

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Elizabethan Age Jacobean Age Caroline Age Commonwealth Period Shift from religion/afterlife to human life on earth; love and human potential; metaphysical poetry, sonnets, and drama (written tradition); printing press invented (extended education); Ex. Shakespeare, Luther

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The Restoration

answer

Emphasis on rules, reason, and logic; grammarians; satire, essays, and novels. Ex. Pope, Swift

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Romanticism

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"The Age of Reason"; nature; patterns/meaning in the natural world around them; lyrical ballad; gothic horror novels; suspenseful/weird literature; poetry, plays, novels, folklore, tragedy. Ex. Austen, Wordsworth

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Modern/Post Modern Period

answer

Loss of hero; technology's destruction in society; poetry began to be written in free verse; novelists began to write in stream of consciousness; works contain "epiphanies"; pessimistic/death orientated writing; poetry, novels, essays, and plays; Ex. Orwell, Yeats, Woolf

question

Why we don't need to know dates

answer

Scholars disagree on the exact dates these periods were during!

question

Anglo-Saxon Period (449-1066)

answer

Storytelling was mainly oral tradition. Praise of heroes who triumph in battle and religious/moral instruction. Major genre: epic poetry-Beowulf

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Medieval Period (1066-1485)

answer

Chivalry and romances became popular. Religion was still popular and plays were produced for illiterate people called morality plays. Major genre: folk ballad.

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17th & 18th centuries - War, Restoration, Enlightenment (1625-1798)

answer

Emphasis on rules, reason, and logic. This is the time of grammarians. Major genres: satire, essays, and novels.

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Romanic Era (1798-1832)

answer

Major theme is nature. Romantics saw patterns in the surrounding world around them. Gothic horror novels were brought to popularity. Major genre: lyrical ballad.

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The Victorian Period (1832-1895)

answer

The novel rises to popularity. Cheap paper has mad mass publication possible. Serialized novels and magazines became popular. Plot twists such as strained coincidences and love triangles were often used to heightened conflict between rich and poor. Ex. Dickens, Bronte Sisters

question

The Edwardian Period (1901-1910)

answer

This brief period is characterized by its own unique architectural style, fashion and lifestyle, and the golden parties of the great British Empire.. Artists were influenced by the development of the automobile, electricity, and awareness of human rights.

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The Modern Period of Literature (1900-1940)

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Loss of the hero in literature. A major theme is technology's destruction of society. Free verse in poetry became popular. Major genre: stream of consciousness, make it new, epiphanies.

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Contemporary (1940s-Present)

answer

Popular techniques are fragmentation, paradox, and questionable narrators. It tries to stand out as confusing and not bring as much closure as past authors have. Takes classic material and twists it. Ex: Rowling, Adams, Lewis

question

Geoffrey Chaucer (Canterbury Tails)

answer

Medieval Period

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William Shakespeare (Hamlet, Macbeth)

answer

The Renaissance

question

John Milton (Paradise Lost)

answer

Civil War & Restoration

question

Jane Austen (Pride and Prejudice)

answer

Romantic Era

question

Charles Dickens (Great Expectations) Charlotte Bronte (Jane Eyre) Emily Bronte (Wuthering Heights)

answer

Victorian Period

question

Oscar Wilde (The Importance of Being Earnest) Rudyard Kipling (The Jungle Book) J.M. Barrie (Peter Pan)

answer

Edwardian Period

question

James Joyce (Ulysses) T.S. Elliot (The Wasteland, The Hollow Men) Virginia Wolf (The Lady in the Looking Glass: A Reflection)

answer

Modernism

question

J.K. Rowling (Harry Potter)

answer

Contemporary

question

Jonathan Swift (Gulliver's Travels)

answer

Enlightenment

question

Lord Byron and Percy/Mary Shelly

answer

Romantic Era

question

1785-1832 Romantic period

answer

P and S. Shelley, Byron's Don Juan, Pride and Prejudice

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1760-1787 Revolutionary Period

answer

The declaration of independence

question

1828-1836 The nationalist period

answer

james cooper, emerson, irvings, longfellow evangeline

question

naturalism 19th century

answer

a literary movement that claimed to portray life exactly as if it were being examined scientifically. Dreiser, London, steinbeck

question

1900-1945 Modern Period

answer

Mark Twain, Jack London White Fang and Call of the Wild, Robert Frost, Henry James "Daisy Miller"

question

449 AD

answer

Anglo-Saxon Invasion

question

1000

answer

Beowulf written in England in the Anglo-Saxon language, narrative poem, 3,182 alliterative lines, Old English/ Pagan influence

question

1066

answer

Normans (French) take over England in the Battle of Hastings, introduce feudalism, William the Conquerer

question

1304

answer

Petrarch is born

question

1327

answer

Petrarch meets Laura (his inspiration for writing)

question

1343

answer

Chaucer is boen- author the Canterbury tales, known as the father of the old English language

question

1374

answer

Petrarch dies

question

1475

answer

Canterbury tales are written

question

1485

answer

increased use of printing press/ English Renaissance begins

question

1485

answer

Morte d' Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory

question

1500

answer

Sir Thomas Wyatt introduces the "sonnet" to the english language

question

miracle plays

answer

plays/ mysteries that are based on biblical stories, used during medieval times (10th- 16th centuries), originally in Latin performed in churches... but moved out, performed using vernacular

question

450-1066 Old English (Anglo-Saxon) Period

answer

Beowulf-anonymous Caedmon's Hymn-Bede The Wife's Lament-an elegy The Wanderer-an elegy

question

1066-1500 Middle English Period

answer

Canterbury Tales-Geoffrey Chaucer Le Morte d'Arthur-Malory Everyman-mortality play The Cuckoo Song-lyric poetry

question

1500-1660 The Renaissance: 1558-1603 Elizabethan Age

answer

Shakespeare: Twelfth Night, Much Ado about Nothing, Richard III Christopher Marlowe: Tamburlaine the Great, Dr. Faustus, The Jew of Malta, Edward II Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene

question

1500-1660 The Renaissance: 1603-1625 Jacobean Age

answer

Shakespeare: The Tempest, Othello, King Lear, Hamlet, Macbeth, and Sonnets John Donne: his songs, sonnets, and elegies Francis Bacon: Reports Ben Johnson: Volpone (or The Fox) Thomas Middleton

question

1500-1660 The Renaissance: 1625-1649 Caroline Age

answer

John Milton: Paradise Lost George Herbert: The Temple Robert Herrick: Hesperides Thomas Carew: An Elegy upon the Death of the Dean of Paul's, Dr. John Donne

question

1500-1660 The Renaissance: 1649-1660 Commonwealth Period

answer

Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan John Milton: The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates Lucy Hutchinson: Memoirs of the Life of Colonel John Hutchinson

question

1660-1785 The Restoration and the 18th Century

answer

John Dryden: The Conquest of Granada, "Alexander's Feast" Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock John Bunyan: Pilgrim's Progress John Locke: Two Treatises of Government

question

1785-1832 The Romantic Period

answer

John Keats: poems... Robert Burns Percy Bysshe Shelley: Prometheus Unbound Lord Byron: Don Juan/poems.. Jane Austen: ride and Prejudice and Northanger Abbey William Blake: Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience Mary Wollstonecraft: A Vindication of the Rights of Women William Wordsworth: Lyrical Ballads Samuel Taylor Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner/ Kubla Khan John Keats: poetry>"When I have fears I may cease to be," "Ode to a Grecian Urn"

question

1830-1901 The Victorian Age

answer

Alfred Tennyson: Poems Charles Dickens: Robert Browning Elizabeth Barret Browning Charlotte Bronte: Jane Eyre Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights George Eliot: Middlemarch Lewis Carroll: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Robert Louis Stevenson: Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Rudyard Kipling: Plain Tales from the Hills Thomas Hardy Oscar Wilde: The Importance of Being Earnest/The Picture of Dorian Gray Joseph Conrad: Lord Jim George Bernard Shaw: Mrs. Warren's Profession

question

1848-1860 The Pre-Raphaelites

answer

Dante Gabriel Rosetti's The House of LIfe Christina Rosetti's The Goblin Market

question

1900-present (20th century and after)

answer

Thomas Hardy George Bernard Shaw: Pygmalion T.S. Eliot: The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock D.H. Lawrence William Butler Yeats: "Lapis Lazuli," "Byzantium," Virginia Woolf: Mrs. Dalloway George Orwell: 1984 Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot Salman Rushdie: The Satanic Verses Margaret Atwood: The Handmaid's Tale

question

1558 - 1603 Elizabethan Age (Renaissance)

answer

Shakespeare's "Twelfth Night", "Much Ado about Nothing" and "Richard III" Marlowe's "Tamburlaine the Great", "Dr. Faustus", "The Jew of Malta", and "edward II" Spencer's "The Faerie Queene"

question

1603 - 1625 Jacobean Age (Renaissance)

answer

Shakespeare's "The Tempest", "Othello", "King Lear", "Hamlet", MacBeth", his sonnets Donne's songs, sonnets, and elegies Bacon's "Reports" Johnson "Volpone" (or The Fox)

question

1625 - 1649 Caroline Age (Renaissance)

answer

Milton's "Paradise Lost" Herbert's "The Temple" Herrick's "Hesperides" Carew's "An Elegy upon the Death of the Dean of Pauls "Dr. John Donne"

question

1649 - 1660 Commonwealth Period (Renaissance)

answer

Hobbes "Leviathan" Milton's "The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates Hutchinson's "Memoirs of the Life of Colonel John Hutchinson"

question

1660 - 1785The Restoration and the 18th Century

answer

Dryden;s "The Conquest of Granada" and "Alexander's Feast" Pope's "The Rape of the Lock" Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" Locke's "Two Treaties of Government"

question

1785 - 1832 The Romantic Period

answer

Keats's "Lamia", "Isabella", "The Eve of St. Agnes", and other Poems Burns's "Pride and Prejudice" and "Northanger Abbey" Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads Jane Austen William Blake Shelley Byron Coleridge

question

1900 - Present The 20th Century and After

answer

Hardy's "on the Western Circuit" and "The Convergence of Twain" Shaw's "Pygmallion" Eliot's 'The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock" Orwell's "1984" Lawrence's Women in Love Yeats's -"Lapis Lazulli" - Byzantium - In the Seven Woods Woolf's Mrs Dalloway Rushdie's The satanic Verses Becket's Waiting for Godot Atwood's The Handsmaid's Tale

question

1500-1660 The Renaissance

answer

1558-1603 Elizabethan Age 1603-1625 Jacobean Age Ex) Hamlet, Macbeth 1625-1649 Caroline Age Ex) Paradise Lost 1649-1660 Commonwealth Period

question

1900-present The 20th Century and After

answer

...

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