English Final Review Grammar Section – Flashcards
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Proper Nouns
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Names a specific person, place, or thing. All proper nouns begin with capital letters Ex. I got the job at Macy's! (Macy's)
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Common Nouns
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A person, place, or thing that is not specific Ex. What is your favorite recipe? (recipe)
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Action Verbs
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Expresses a physical action & an action you cannot see Ex. The spider crawled on the flower. (crawled)
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Linking Verbs
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Link the subject to a word that defines or describes it Ex. The little kid was cranky. (was)
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Verb Tenses
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Indicates the time at which an action takes place & can show present, past, or future action Ex. Present: Iook past: looked future: will look
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Irregular Verbs
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The past tense of regular verbs formed by adding -ed Ex. The athletes had ran a good race. (ran)
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Subject & Verb agreement
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The subject of a sentence must agree in a number with the verb Ex. Barbara owns multiple flower shops. (owns)
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Personal Pronouns
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Replace the name of a person, place, or thing Ex. The doctor will see Tracy now. (Tracy can be replaced with 'her'.
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Possessive Pronouns
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Shows ownership or relationship Ex. Sally and her brother work at the factory (her has relations with brother)
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Relative Pronouns
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Words that introduce more information about a noun: Who, whom, which, and that Ex. Jena, who happens to be really nice, gave me candy
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Pronoun Agreement
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When a pronoun is used as a subject, it must agree with the verb in person and number Ex. Not many trees were in good shape after the storm (Many)
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Recognizing Adjectives
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Adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun, usually answer: what kind? Which? How? or How many? Ex. The Cathy's school uniform has to be cleaned everyday. (school describes the type of uniform)
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Proper Adjectives
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Formed from proper nouns and are always capitalized Ex. I love Italian food! (Italian is the proper adjective from Italy)
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Using Adjectives to Make Comparisons
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Adjectives can be used to compare two or more people, places, or things & usually ends in -er Ex. Fast, Faster, Fastest
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Identifying Adverbs
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Adverbs are used to describe the meaning of verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs by telling how, when, where, or to what extent Ex. We looked everywhere for the missing files. (everywhere answers where?)
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Using Adverbs to Make Comparisons
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Adverbs can be used to make comparisons, when two actions are compared use the form -er Ex. Of the two students, Thomas learns faster. (faster)
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Using Prepositions
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Preposition shows how a noun or pronoun relates to a word or a group of words in a sentence Ex. Every meal is served with salad. (with)
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Prepositional Phrases
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A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun Ex. Terrell ran hurriedly down the sidewalk. (down the sidewalk is a prepositional phrase)
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Coordinating Conjunctions
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Words that link a word or group of words in sentences such as: and, but, or, nor, for, so, and yet Ex. Stephanie spoke powerfully yet slowly at the meeting. (yet)
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Subordinating Conjunctions
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A word or group of words that join sentence parts that are not of equal importance, such as: after, although, as long as, because, before, if, since, so that, unless, when, whenever, while Ex. I would've remembered if I met him. (if)
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Simple Sentences
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Contains a simple subject and a simple predicate Ex. The factory needs better lighting (simple subject: Factory simple predicate: Needs)
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Interrogative Sentences
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Asks a question Ex. Is Tom listening for the baby? (subject: Tom predicate: Is listening)
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Inverted Sentences
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All or part of the verb precedes the subject, interrogative sentences usually are inverted sentences Ex. Is Josh making dinner tonight? (subject: Josh Verb: is making)
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Imperative Sentences
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Gives a command Ex. Look for the blue sign. (subject: you-understood predicate: look punctuation: period
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Compound Sentences
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Made up of two or more simple sentences joined by a conjunction such as: and, but, or, so, yet, or nor Ex. Mia loved the movie, but Zach found it boring. (but combines the two simple sentences)
