English 3 Unit 1
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As a baby and young child, you went through stages of _____ that allowed you to learn English.
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natural language acquisition
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In the _____ stage, you used two- or three-word sentences to say everything you needed to say. You left off articles, pronouns, and prepositions.
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telegraphic
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In the _____ stage, you used one-word sentences.
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holophrastic
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Sometimes, you applied a rule everywhere, even places where it didn't apply. This tendency is called _____.
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overgeneralization
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A person learning a new language as an adult goes through a process called _____.
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second language acquisition
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No one taught you your native language. T/F
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True
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Human beings are pre-wired for language. T/F
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True
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It takes a person about twelve years to master the sound system of his/her native language. T/F
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False
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It is more difficult to learn a second language than a first language. T/F
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True
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Humans learn sounds in their order of difficulty. T/F
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True
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Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3: Stage 4: Stage 5: holophrastic stage; silent period; adult capacity; babbling stage; telegraphic stage
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1: Silent period 2: babbling stage 3: holophrastic stage 4: telegraphic stage 5: adult capacity
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1: adult-like overgeneralization 2: Silent period 3: telegraphic stage 4: babbling stage 5: holophrastic stage a. ba ba, da da, ma ma! b. Sand shoe! (I have sand in my c. shoes!) d. I putted the toys on the shelf. e. Gurgle! Coo. Waaaaaah! f. Mo? (I want more!)
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1d 2e 3b 4a 5f
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Which of these is not one of the regional dialects of the US? General American Standard New England Southern
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Standard
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The types of dialects many people speak include ethnic, regional, and _____.
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social
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Which regional dialect is closest to Standard English?
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General American
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Dialects differ from one another in what aspects?
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pronunciation vocabulary idiom
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African American Vernacular, Chicano English, and Cajun English are examples of _____ dialects.
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ethnic
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Teenager tend to use their own special language with each other. This language is an example of a _____ dialect.
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social
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_____ is informal language used by members of a social group.
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Slang
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_____ is technical vocabulary used in particular professions.
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Jargon
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1: Regional dialect 2: Ethnic dialect 3: Social dialect a. He be workin'. b. I reckon it's right time for supper. c. Pastor's message was such a blessing.
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1b 2a 3c
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Standard English came to you naturally as a child. Standard English did not come to you naturally as a child.
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Standard English did not come to you naturally as a child.
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People who do not use Standard English are unintelligent. T/F
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False
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People who speak Standard English are perceived as educated. T/F
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True
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You can learn Standard English by being around it. T/F
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True
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Standard English was invented T/F
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True
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Three reasons for learning Standard English have been discussed. Choose the reason that applies to the situation. Books are written in Standard English. Most public writing and speaking situations require its use. 1: Standard English helps to "bridge" differences in how people use language. 2: Standard English is the language of education and literacy. 3: Standard English is expected in the workplace.
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2
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Three reasons for learning Standard English have been discussed. Choose the reason that applies to the situation. Employers expect employees to use language that communicates an ability to do the job. 1: Standard English helps to "bridge" differences in how people use language. 2: Standard English is the language of education and literacy. 3: Standard English is expected in the workplace.
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3
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Three reasons for learning Standard English have been discussed. Choose the reason that applies to the situation. Speakers of different dialects struggle to understand each other. 1: Standard English helps to "bridge" differences in how people use language. 2: Standard English is the language of education and literacy. 3: Standard English is expected in the workplace.
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1
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_____ language is used for everyday conversations in public places.
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Informal
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_____ language follows a specific form.
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Formal
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_____ language uses some colloquialism and slang.
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Informal
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_____ language uses precise vocabulary.
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Formal
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_____ language is used for ceremonies and other important occasions.
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Formal
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_____ language is used in casual settings.
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Colloquial
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_____ English is Standard English without precise vocabulary or specific form.
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Informal
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_____ language is demonstrated by the statement: "This is my buddy Jon."
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Colloquial
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_____ language is demonstrated by the statement: "I'd like you to meet John and Betty Smith."
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Informal
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_____ language is demonstrated by the statement: "Please allow me to introduce Mr. and Mrs. Sterling Baughm."
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Formal
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1: Oxford English Dictionary 2: the science of dictionary making 3: believed that language change was the result of language corruption 4: a record of the way in which language is actually used 5: Dictionary of the English Language 6: attempts to slow or halt language change 7: American Dictionary of the English Language 8: scholars who set standards for how language should be used 9: a record of scholarly opinion regarding how language should be used 10: the use of literary texts to establish context for definitions of words 11: the history of a word a. lexicography b. ultimate dictionary authority today c. language fixing d. language purists e. prescriptive method f. descriptive method g. Johnson's dictionary h. Webster's dictionary i. grammarians j. etymology k. historical method
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1b 2a 3d 4f 5g 6c 7h 8i 9e 10k 11j
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_____ dictionary was a grammarian's attempt to keep the language from "decaying."
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Johnson's
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_____ dictionary set a standard for American English.
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Webster's
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_____ dictionary represented the language of an educated elite.
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Johnson's
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_____ dictionary set a standard for British English.
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Johnson's
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_____ dictionary was the first to make wide-spread use of etymology.
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Webster's
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_____ dictionary represented the language of a broad base of educated people.
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Webster's
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_____ dictionary was the first to use the historical method.
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Johnson's
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_____ modeled patriotism and Christian conduct.
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Webster's
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_____ language is used for everyday purposes. *hint: not informal or colloquial*
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Ordinary
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_____ language appeals to the senses.
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poetic
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_____ language uses technical jargon.
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Scientific
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_____ texts use strict form, precise vocabulary, and _____ language.
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technical scientific
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_____ texts are creative and imaginative "art forms" due in part to their use of _____ language.
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literary poetic
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_____ texts inform a reader or guide him in completing a process. These texts usually use _____ language.
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informational ordinary
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A _____ is a "product encyclopedia."
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user guide
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A _____ establishes a legal relationship between the buyer and seller.
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license agreement
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A _____ is an invitation to purchase.
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product advertisement
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A _____ handles regular communication between the buyer and seller.
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business letter
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Crediting of sources can also protect you from being accused of including inaccurate facts. T/F
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true
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Plagiarism damages reputations and relationships. T/F
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true
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To be charged with plagiarism is a minor offense. T/F
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false
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As long as you use parenthetical citation in your paper, you cannot be guilty of plagiarism. T/F
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false
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A paraphrase, when used in an essay, must be cited because, although it is in your own words, it is still another's ideas or work. T/F
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true
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A summary does not need to be cited as to its source because a summary is your own words. T/F
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false
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What punctuation or abbreviations are used in a parenthetical citation? 1: author's initials 2: p. for page 3: comma between author and page 4: none of these
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4
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Put your parenthetical citation at the _____ of the information which needs crediting in your essay.
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end
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Any outside material used to research a paper is called a _____.
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source
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When you condense an article into the author's main points, you are writing a _____.
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summary
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When you restate the author's ideas, opinions or words in your own words, you are _____.
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paraphrasing
