EDUC 2301 Ch 3-4 – Flashcards
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What are the three dimensions of diversity most often referred to by educators?
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Cultural, Linguistic, and disability disabled
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A person from a cultural group that is not Eurocentric or of mainstream America is considered to be what?
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Culturally diverse
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A person who speaks Spanish as their native language is considered what?
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Linguistically diverse
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A person is learning to speak English as their second language. The most current term used to refer to describe this person is what?
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English Language Learners (ELL's)
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Nationwide, the majority of ELLs speak?
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Spanish
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A student from India who speaks Bengali and English. To be classified as having a speech or language impairment, how must the impairment be demonstrated?
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The child needs to show the impairment in both the native and learned language
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An elementary school has a small but growing population of recent immigrants from Mexico. As these children interact on the playground, the teachers notice that they speak both Spanish and English, often in the same sentence. What is this an example of?
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Code Switching
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When teachers at the elementary school hear students speaking both Spanish and English in the same sentence, they should know that the students' use of dual languages indicates what?
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That they are becoming more proficient in both languages
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An African American child, speaks a learned and rule-governed social dialect of nonstandard English. What is this called?
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Ebonics
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What would a teacher who understands the cultural standards of Hispanic, African American, and Native American students in her classroom be considered?
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Culturally Competent
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What is this an example of? A teacher initially interacts with his student in the same manner as the rest of his students. Yet, in this students' culture, the way he uses praise, humor, and personal space are all considered inappropriate. As a result, the student views him with distrust. Sensing this, he in turn decides that here student has "an attitude" and begins to view him negatively.
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Cross-sultural dissonance
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A school district's curriculum is infused with lessons that incorporate aspects of many different cultures to help teach concepts and enhance the learning of its diverse population. What is this curriculum called?
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Mutual Accommodation
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One problem with the federal system of categorization for race and ethnicity is that _______?
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They do not fit discreetly into a category
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The superintendent of large school district wonders whether her district has an overrepresentation problem. She compares percentages of the students in each racial group who are receiving special education to their percentages in the overall school population. Which calculation method is she using?
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Composition index
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If the risk ratio for African American students is 1.0 in Town A and 2.0 in Town B what do we know?
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Town A is proportionate and Town B is overrepresented
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What environmental toxin in older apartments and houses causes intellectual disabilities among low-income children due to paint?
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Lead poisoning
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Larger schools with higher student-teacher ratios and more inexperienced teachers usually leads to what?
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no AP classes, no after school activities, and a lower quality of education resulting in a gap in the grades
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According to IDEA, how are homeless children defined?
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Children who do not have a regular or adequate nighttime residence
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New research findings on children in poverty show what?
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Students from diverse backgrounds are overrepresented and the existing racial bias is caused by teachers with negative perception
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For children who are of school age, who are the usual source of referrals to special education?
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General education teachers
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A student from India, is being evaluated for special education. The parents want to know whether Indian students were part of the standardization population for the tests that she will take. They want to know what?
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That they will be using non-discrimatory testing
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What were the first services in the public schools for students with speech or language impairments?
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Speech and Language Pathologists (SLP) for stammering/stuttering
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What is the abbreviation of the prominent professional organization of specialists in speech or language impairments?
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ASHA
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SLPs did not provide services to students with significant language and cognitive problems during the late 1950s and 1960s. Why?
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They were not able to see the benefit
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What word defines the process of exchanging knowledge, ideas, opinions, and feelings?
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Communication
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A says somthing to B. When did communication occur?
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when the receiver interprets the message correctly
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What word defines the comprehension and use of the signs and symbols which represent ideas and the rules that govern these signs and symbols?
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Language
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To what does the vocal production of language refer?
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Speech
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What contributes to the communication process by providing the air and pressure necessary to produce speech sounds?
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Respiratory system
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An illegal hit with an elbow in football causes damage to a a young man's tongue, lips, and teeth. What component of his system was damaged?
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Speech mechanism
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What contributes to the communication process as the air is expelled from the lungs causes the vocal cords to produce sounds, and also controls changes in pitch?
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Vibrating system
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A person has unintelligible speech that interferes with communication. How would this be characterized?
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Speech impairment
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What is the description of perceived high or low quality of voice?
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Pitch
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What is abnormal production of speech sounds referred to?
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Voice Problem
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What describes the rate and flow pattern of a person's speech?
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Fluency/disfluency
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When people have to lean closely to hear her because her voice is so soft, what is the problem called?
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Loudness
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Which sound is one of the first that young children are able to pronounce?
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P
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A three year old is not able to pronounce the 'j' sound, so she asks for 'juice' instead of 'juice'. His/Her mother is concerned and wonders if she should contact an SLP for help? What should the mother know?
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Children can not usually pronounce 'j' correctly until age 4-6
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A child who says " the ball is wed" instead of 'red' is an example of what articulation error?
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Substitution
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A child who says "pay the piano" instead of "pLay the piano" is demonstrating an example what articulation error?
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Omission
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A young girl funs to her mother and says, "mommy I missded you" rather than MISSED is displaying what type of articulation error?
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Addition
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A young man has trouble with the "l"sound, which does not exist in his native language. Which function of this form does this represent?
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Phonology
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What is an example of phonology?
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Click sounds
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What word defines the intent and meaning of spoken or written statements?
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Content
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What word identifies the application of language in various communications in the social context of the situation?
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Use
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What word defines "what a speaker needs to know to communicate appropriately?"
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Communicative competence
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