EDSP 3700 – Final Exam – Flashcards

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Nick Vujicic, a man without arms or legs, uses his life to motivate others to see what they can do. This illustrates how the focus on persons with disabilities should be:
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On what they can do
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Most exceptional learners:
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Are average in more ways than they are not
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When special education works as it should, the outcome for students is:
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Improved achievement and behavior
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Most historians trace the beginning of special education as we know it today to this individual. This person was one of the first to educate a child with a disability:
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Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard
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Under IDEA, each state and locality must have a plan to ensure all of the following EXCEPT:
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Providing services to equal numbers of males and females
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In the case of Hudson vs. Rowley, the US Supreme Court ruled that the school did not have to provide a sign interpreter for Amy Rowley, a child who was deaf, because she had an IEP that allowed her to achieve at or above an average level for her age.The decision interpreted which component of P.L. 94-142?
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Free, appropriate public education
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Schools must provide an individualized program for each student who requires special education services. This means that:
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An educational program called an IEP must be written for each student who requires special education services
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Each of the following people is typically on an IEP team EXCEPT:
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A special education lawyer
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Accommodations for evaluation procedures of students with disabilities might include all of the following EXCEPT:
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Allowing the student to choose which assessment to take
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In co-teaching:
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General and special educators teach together in the same classroom
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Response to intervention (RTI):
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Can be applied to social behavior and academic learning
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The founder of the Special Olympics was:
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Eunice Kennedy Shriver
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The legislation that passed at the end of 2015 upholding standards based accountability and adding highly qualified teacher component:
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Every student succeeds act
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An IFSP refers to an:
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Individualized family service plan
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In the not too distant past, many professionals tended to believe that parents of children with disabilities were:
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To blame for many of their child's problems
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The reactions of extended family members are important because they can often play a critical role in:
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Providing support and comfort
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Which one of the following best describes the purpose of multicultural education?
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It provides equal educational opportunities to all students
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Each of the following components must be included on an individualized education program (IEP) EXCEPT:
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Students IQ score
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The primary purpose of home-note program from one of the child's teachers is to:
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Allow parents to communicate with all professionals who deal with their child
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A 3-tiered system of instruction that screens for those likely to fail then monitors student progress to determine how an intervention strategy is impacting their learning:
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Response to intervention
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In the vast majority of cases, we are unable to identify the exact reason why a child is exceptional
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TRUE
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A disability is always a handicap
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FALSE
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The female gender is overrepresented in special education
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FALSE
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The IEP must include a description of how a child's progress toward annual goals will be measured and reported
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TRUE
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The individualized education program (IEP) is not required to be a written statement
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FALSE
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Students with disabilities are excluded from participation in the school's high-stakes standardized assessment procedures
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FALSE
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An individual can be a member of many subcultures
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TRUE
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A student with a disability can take an alternate assessment to the regular state standardized test if specified in their IEP
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TRUE
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Parents of a child with a disability who choose not to be involved with decision making at school probably are neglectful at home
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FALSE
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If some of the members of the IEP team are unable to attend a meeting, it is fine to have the meeting without them and review the outcome with them later
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FALSE
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A general education teacher does not need to be part of the IEP meeting
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FALSE
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The right route to placement is evaluation / identification, then placement, then create IEP
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FALSE
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Asian Americans are overrepresented in special education
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FALSE
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Over 6.5 million students receive special education
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TRUE
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When testing for special education eligibility, the evaluation must be in the student's native language
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TRUE
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Curriculum based measurement - frequent measures of performance on curriculum material tend to be less biased assessments for multicultural populations than standardized tests
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TRUE
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Exceptional learners do not include students who are gifted and talented
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FALSE
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A student with a disability automatically qualifies to receive special designed instruction
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FALSE
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The No Child Left Behind Act protects those with disabilities from discrimination in civil rights -- employment, transportation, public access, state and local government, and telecommunications
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FALSE
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Some ethnic minorities are underrepresented in special education
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TRUE
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According to the hypothetical "normal curve" approximately what percentage of the population is expected to have IQ scores between 0-70?
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2.27%
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Current estimates place the prevalence of students identified with intellectual disabilities at approximately?
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Under 1%
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All states routinely screen for this before babies leave the hospital:
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Phenylketonuria
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A person's awareness of what strategies are needed to perform a task, the ability to plan how to use the strategies, and the evaluation of how well the strategies are working is:
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Metacognition
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Early childhood programs designed to enhance the development of children who are already identified with intellectual disabilities place a great deal of emphasis on:
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Language and conceptual development
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Joe tends to believe whatever is told, even highly questionable statements or claims, despite any evidence. This tendency is known as:
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Gullibility
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Jose has intellectual disabilities. As an infant, he was lethargic and had difficultly eating: however, at about one year of age he became obsessed with food. This is characteristic of:
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Fragile X Sydrome
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How is adaptive behavior typically assessed?
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A parent, teacher, or professional answers questions related to the students behavior
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In supported competitive employment, a worker with intellectual disabilities has a competitive employment position and receives:
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Ongoing assistance from a job coach
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All of the following are true about sheltered workshops EXCEPT:
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They are run by business people trying to make a profit
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Up until the recent ascendance of the response to intervention model, the identification of learning disabilities focused on:
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IQ achievement discrepancy
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All of the following are true EXCEPT:
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Toxins have been ruled out as a potential cause of learning disabilities
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Research using neurological imaging suggests that some cases of learning disabilities are caused by:
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Structural and functional differences in the brain
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Which typically poses the greatest difficulty for most children with learning disabilities?
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Reading
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Daphne has an external locus of control. When she succeeds on a homework assignment in mathematics, she is most likely to attribute her success to:
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Luck
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The part of the brain responsible for executive functions, such as the ability to regulate one's own behavior is the:
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Frontal Lobes
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Each of the following is a subdivision of ADHD according to the American Psychiatric Associations diagnostic manual EXCEPT:
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Predominantly lethargic-inattentive type
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Rating scales used for ADHD are generally filled out by each of the following EXCEPT:
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The child
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Students with ADHD receive special education services under the (IDEA) in which category?
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Other health impaired (OHI)
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In an effort to help Brian complete tasks, his parents taught him to use pictures from a notebook from a young age to adulthood. What is Brian's disability?
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Autism spectrum disorder
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All of the following are examples of behavioral inhibitions EXCEPT:
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Working for immediate gratification or short-term rewards
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According to the centers for disease control and prevention, how many people have an autism spectrum disorder?
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About 1-88, possibly as high as 1-50
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Most scientists argue that the dramatic increase in prevalence statistics for autism is due to each of the following EXCEPT:
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Widespread use of vaccinations for babies
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The term "spectrum" in autism spectrum disorder refers to the fact that people with ASD:
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Have a variety of symptoms and degrees of impairment that fall along a continuum
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According to the DSM-5, Aspergers syndrome:
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Is no longer an entity separate from ASD
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Which term was once commonly applied to mothers of children with autism?
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Refrigerator moms
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The most common known hereditary cause of intellectual disabilities is Fragile X Syndrome
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TRUE
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There are many different causes of intellectual disabilities, and new genetic syndromes continue to be discovered
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TRUE
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Encephalitis results in intellectual disabilities but meningitis does not
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FALSE
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Children and youth with learning disabilities comprise about half of all students who receive special education
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TRUE
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Most children with learning disabilities outgrow their disabilities as adults
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FALSE
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Many different kinds of disabilities are more prevalent in males than in females
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TRUE
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Students with ADHD may have "504 plans" that document accommodations to be provided in the general education classroom setting
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TRUE
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ADHD has been shown to often coexist with learning disabilities and emotional /behavioral disabilities
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TRUE
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It is likely that a lot of TV or video games causes ADHD
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FALSE
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ADHD is not a separate special education category under IDEA
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TRUE
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Hyperactivity is a characteristic of all children with ADHD
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FALSE
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Samples taken from the population at large indicate that girls outnumber boys with ADHD at a ratio of 3:1
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FALSE
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Using psychostimulants, such as Ritalin, can easily turn children into abusers of other substances, such as cocaine and marijuana
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FALSE
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Many questions still remain about how to best implement RTI
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TRUE
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Mathematics disabilities are relatively rare among children with learning disabilities
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FALSE
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Evidence indicates that there is a connection between the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine and autism
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FALSE
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The symptoms of autism spectrum disorder cannot be noticed before a child is 2 years old
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FALSE
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All people with autism exhibit remarkable ability or talent in particular splinter skills, such as playing music, drawing, or calculating
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FALSE
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At the preschool level, teachers emphasize natural interactions in general education classrooms with students who do not have disabilities
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FALSE
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PCES is a teaching method for students with autism where instructors use pencils, pens, and paper to reinforce desired outcomes
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FALSE
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Teaching academics in the context of daily living:
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Functional academics
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An understanding that specific words can be broken down into individual sounds:
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Phonemic awareness
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A motivational term referring to a condition in which a person believes that no matter how hard he or she tries, failure will result:
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Learned helplessness
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The study within psycholinguistics of how people use language in social situations; emphasizes the functional use of language rather than the mechanics:
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Pragmatics
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The ability to remember information while also performing other cognitive operations:
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Working memory
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A motivational term referring to how people explain their success or failures. These people believe that outside forces influence how they perform:
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External locus of control
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The ability to stop an intended response or to stop an ongoing response is impaired in those with ADHD:
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Behavioral inhibition
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"Manifestation determination" means that the circumstances surrounding a particular incident are not weighed in deciding what the consequences should be:
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FALSE
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Boys with externalizing forms of E/BD outnumber girls with externalizing forms of E/BD by about five to one:
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TRUE
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A student with disabilities cannot be expelled from school:
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FALSE
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Transition from school to work is usually not a significant problem for those with E/BD because they tend to be so independent:
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FALSE
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When teaching students with speech and language disorders, the primary role of the classroom teacher is to facilitate the social use of language:
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TRUE
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About 50% of the children whose language is delayed at age 2 will gradually catch up developmentally with their age peers:
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TRUE
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More girls than boys stutter:
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FALSE
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Most standardized assessments are biased against learners who are deaf or hard of hearing:
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TRUE
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Children who are deaf who have parents who are deaf have higher reading achievement than those who have hearing parents:
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TRUE
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Most people who are deaf have some residual hearing:
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TRUE
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Children who are deaf reach language development milestones in sign later than hearing children do in spoken language:
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FALSE
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A mutation in the connexin-26 gene is the most common cause of congenital deafness:
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TRUE
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People with a severe disability in any area often have more than one disability:
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TRUE
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Most authorities agree that the biggest obstacle faced by people with deaf-blindness is accessing information:
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TRUE
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The best place to teach domestic skills is not always the student's home:
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TRUE
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The effects of TBI are always severe and permanent:
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FALSE
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Two broad dimensions of behavior disorders are:
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Externalizing & Internalizing
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In the majority of cases, the cause of E/BD is:
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Unknown
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The federal definition of E/BD has been most widely criticized for its exclusion of children with:
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Social malajustment
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Under IDEA, "functional behavioral assessment" (FBA):
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Clearly refers to a specific set of procedures designed to pinpoint the function of a student's behavior
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Select the correct term for the following definition. A temporary placement outside general education for students whose behavior is extremely problematic, but in which their education is continued:
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Interim alternative educational setting
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The primary role of the classroom teacher is to facilitate development of which aspect of language:
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Pragmatics
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Encoding, or sending messages, is referred to as:
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Expressive language
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Many children do not learn to produce all speech sounds correctly until they:
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Are 8-9 years old
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Decoding, or understanding messages, is referred to as:
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Receptive language
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"Phonology" refers to linguistic rules governing:
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Particular sounds and how they are sequenced
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The meanings and concepts people attach to words and sentences are referred to as:
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Semantics
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A failure of the child to understand the rules for producing the sounds of their language at an age-appropriate level and in a culturally appropriate way represents:
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Phonological disorders
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What percentage of deaf children have hearing parents?
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90%
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Children with deafness who have parents who are also deaf:
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Develop ASL at a rate similar to the rate at which hearing infants develop English
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FM systems are used in conjunction with hearing aids to:
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Amplify sound
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When performance tests, rather than verbal tests, are used:
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There is no difference in IQ scores between those who are deaf and those who are hearing
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The most frequent viral cause of non genetic deafness in newborns is:
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Congenital cytomegalovirus
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The most severe hearing impairments are associated with which part of the ear?
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Inner ear
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A method of teaching communication to people who are deaf that stresses the use of visual cues, such as speechreading and cued speech:
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Auditory-oral approach
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Any manual or electronic means by which a person who is unable to communicate through normal speech can express wants and needs, share information, engage in social closeness, or manage social etiquette is:
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Augmentative or alternative communication
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An adaptation that may be used by a person who is deaf-blind to communicate with the public is:
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Assistance cards
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A syndrome that causes deaf-blindness and is characterized by a number of physical defects, such as an abnormally shaped pupil, and results in difficulties in swallowing and breathing is:
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CHARGE syndrome
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An inherited syndrome of deaf-blindness characterized by hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa is:
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Usher syndrome
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All of the following are prenatal conditions that can result in deaf-blindness EXCEPT:
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Coloboma
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A facility that provides a structured environment for people with disabilities in which they can learn skills; can be either a transitional placement or a permanent arrangement:
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Sheltered workshop
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Swimmers ear:
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Medically known as external otits, an infection of the skin of the external auditory canal
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For educational purposes, individuals who are blind:
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Must use braille or aural methods
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Blindness occurs most often in:
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Adulthood
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In children, the leading cause of blindness is:
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Cortical visual impairment
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Clara has good vision for assignments written on the blackboard, but she has difficulty with the print in her textbook. She may have a refraction problem known as:
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Hyperopia
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A hereditary disease that usually causes the field of vision to narrow and also affects night vision is:
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Retinitis pigmentosa
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Echolocation:
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Can be accomplished by clicking one's tongue
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In comparison to sighted children, children who are blind:
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are not impaired in language functioning and might even be more motivated than sighted children to use language
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Which mobility aid is most often recommended by professionals?
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The long cane
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When guiding a person who is blind, you should:
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Let the person take your arm and walk slightly behind you
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Each of the following is an accommodation that can be made on the job for those who are blind or who have low vision EXCEPT:
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More time off
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The primary distinguishing characteristic of children with physical disability is:
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Physical limitations or health problems
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Andre's legs are paralyzed, but he has full use of his arms. His condition is:
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Paraplegia
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When there is an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in certain brain cells, the result is:
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Seizures
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Tim has a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers. His condition is:
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Muscular Dystrophy
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Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a potentially debilitating disease that:
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Is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles
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For children with most physical disabilities and other health impairments, a common cause of academic difficulties is:
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Erratic school attendance
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Children's reactions to their own physical disabilities are largely:
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A reflection of how others respond to them
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Jim has an artificial leg. This is an example of a/an:
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Prosthesis
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Gareth uses braces on his legs to help provide support when he walks. This is an example of a/an:
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Orthosis
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The primary goal of adapted physical education is:
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To allow access to activities that support physical, recreational, and leisure goals
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Mr. Kent has a child in his class who has a terminal illness. He should:
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Be direct and open in discussing death and dying with the class
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The difference between physical therapy and occupational therapy:
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Is that the former focuses on sensory and gross motor functions, the latter on support for daily living skills
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A situation in which a person with a disability becomes a regular employee, performs a valued function in a regular work setting, and receives fair pay while receiving training, social skills instruction, and other services is:
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Supported employment
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Physical disabilities of all kinds are decreasing because of medical advances:
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FALSE
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In most students with orthopedic or musculoskeletal disorders, intelligence is unaffected:
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TRUE
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Teenage mothers are more likely than older women to give birth to premature or low-birth weight babies:
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TRUE
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School systems have widely differing practices regarding the education of students with special gifts and talents because:
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The term "gifted" has no clear cut definition
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All of the following are characteristics of students with special gifts and talents EXCEPT:
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Typically don't enjoy learning
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According to research, what is the relationship between giftedness and genetics?
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Giftedness is due to a combination of genetic and social factors
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In addition to IQ and achievement tests, what other method is commonly used to identify giftedness?
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Nominations
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One of the most common misconceptions of the field of gifted education is:
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The idea that giftedness and mental illness are linked
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Additional experiences provided to students without placing them in a higher grade are known as:
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Enrichment
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Larry, a student who is gifted, skipped third grade. This is an example of which programming strategy?
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Acceleration
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Each of the following is a myth about acceleration EXCEPT:
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Students who are accelerated into grades beyond their age mates get bullied more
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Probably the central issue in the education of adolescents with special gifts and talents is that of:
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Acceleration versus enrichment
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Early enrollment in college courses has worked particularly well for adolescents who are gifted in:
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Math
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In adulthood, people with gifts are prone to emotional instability and early decline:
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FALSE
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Giftedness is a stable trait that is evident throughout all periods of a person's life:
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FALSE
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Genetic factors contribute to giftedness:
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TRUE
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A child can attain a gifted level of performance even if he or she has a disability:
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TRUE
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