Drugs and the human body – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers| Synergistic |
| multiple elements working together to give super addictive effects |
| Renal |
| pertaining to kidneys |
| Visceral |
| pertaning to interal organs |
| Emetic |
| drug that induces vomiting |
| Febrile |
| feverish |
| Antipyretic |
| drug that reduces fever |
| Analgesic |
| drug that reduces pain |
| Peristalsis |
| rythmic motion of GI system in digestion |
| Bexarotene/Targretin |
anit cancer drug (oral used for skin cancer) may also cure alzheimers |
| Tylenol 3 |
| acetaminophen with codiene (leads to vicodin use) |
| Acetaminophen |
| pain and fever reducer (ex. tylenol) |
| Lipitor |
| treats high colesterol (highest selling perscription drug) |
| Scopolamine |
| "truth drug" (sedative) |
| Atropine |
| heart stimulant (used as poision in middle ages) |
| Novocaine |
| anesthetic (used at dentist) |
| Prozac |
| leading anti depressant |
| Wellbutrin & Champix |
| cuts smoking cessation |
| Seretide |
| anti - asthma |
| Epi pen |
| epinephrine , dialtes bronchial tree for allergies |
| Oxycodone/contin and Percocet |
| pain killer, derived from morphine |
| Vicodin |
| hydrocodone & acetaminophen , analgesic (similar to percocet) : tiger woods used this drug |
| Diacetlymorphine |
| prescribed heroin, those on it last longer then methadone users |
| effects of Caffiene |
| clear mind, CNS excited, better corrdination, increased peripheral circulation |
| effects of Nicotine |
| takes less than 10 seconds to reach brain, causes dopamine to release, secretes adrenaline, stimulates CNS, heart and respiration increase |
| Boxtox as an analgestic |
| can be used to treat migraines, however most toxic substance known to man |
| Ectasy/MDMA |
| - mood elevator, semi - synthetic, may be useful for PTSD, and can be laced with PMMA (very bad) |
| Bath Salts |
| 3 stimulants (Mephedrone, methylone, MDPV), related to meth and 10x more powerful then cocaine |
| What are th 5 types of painkillers/analgesics? |
1)Aspirin 2)Aceaminophen/Tylenol 3)Ibuprofen 4)Naproxen/Aleve 5)Celebrex & Vioxx |
| Aspirin |
| - Pain relief, anti inflammatory (NSAID), antipyretic (fever), reduces colon cancer, can cause internal bleeding |
| Aceaminophen (Tylenol) |
NOT an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, from aniline(coal tar), used in allergic to aspirin or has reyes syndrome |
| Ibuprofen(advil/mortin) |
antipyretic, anti-inflammatory(NSAID) |
| Naproxen (Aleve) |
| antipyretic, anti-inflammatory (NSAID), not anticoagulant, used for cramps |
| celebrex & vioxx |
"wonder drug" for arthritis, anti inflammatory, antipyretic - Vioxx removed due to cardivascular issues -Celebrex anti cancer and maybe alzheimers |
| What are the types of Narcotics? (Analgesics/sleep inducers) |
Opiate : derived from opium Opiod: is synthetic |
| What are the threetypes of Opiates? |
1)Morphine: "god of dreams", one of the most powerful analgesics, and cough suppressant
2)Codeine: analgesic, does not induce sleep, and not very addictive ex. cough syrup
3) Heroin: euphoria, stupor, analgesic, VERY addictive |
| What are the four Opiods? |
1) Naloxone: anatagonist for heroin
2)Methadone: used to treat addiction, blocks heroin rush
3)Dextromethorphan: non - addictive , antitussive(releaves coughing)
4)Fentany: analgesic/anesthetic, 100x as potent as morphine (used in Moscow hostage incident) |
| 3 types of drugs that produce a withdrawl syndrom? |
1) depressants 2) Opiates 3)Stimulanst |
| What is the difference between pharmacodymanics and pharmacokinetics? |
- pharmacodymanics study actions and effects - pharmacokinetics study the rate of change caused by the durg ex. rates of abdorption |
| What is a drug? |
| - any absorbed stubstance that changes or enhances anything physical or psychological in the body |
| What is the criteria for addiction? |
1) Withdrawal 2)psychological changes in body 3)tolerance |
| what is taxol and where did it come from? |
| taxol is a complex molecule that comes from the Yew Tree, and is in the process of trying to be synthesised for a cancer cure |
| Where did insluin originate from? |
| the pancreas of dogs |
| What are organic chemicals? |
| chemical containg carbon |
| What is the mst organic compound found on the planet? |
| Glucose |
| what are functional groups? |
| small set of atoms (other than C and H) |
| what are the 3 functions of aspirin? |
| R = Carbon, X=Halide , OH = hydrogen&oxygen |
| What has 4 rings, and a 6,6,6,5 structure? |
| steroids (ex. cholesterol) |
| How much cholesterol do we have in our body? |
| 250 grams |
| which sex are gallstones more prevalent in? |
| women |
| does cholesterol dissolve in water? |
| no it is insoluble, and only hydrocarbon can dissolve it |
| which kind of fat is the worst for you? |
| VLDL = trans - fatty acids |
| What perscription drug is the highest selling ? |
| - Lipitor (for cholesterol) |
| what is naturopathy? |
| used to restor health not disease (ex. meditation) |
| What is digitalis? And where does it originate from? |
| a steroid from the foxglove plant |
| what drug has a similar chemical structure to Ibuprofen? (O,OH) |
| -Acetaminophen (Tylenol): OH, HN, O |
| What is TI? |
therapeutic index = TD50/ED50 -tells you how fatal is substance is - higher the index unit = safer the drug |
| How much is 1 grain? |
| 65 mg |
| what is the half life of pot? |
| 24hr , same as methadone |
| What are the different routes of administration? (6) |
1) Oral = most common 2)Inhalation = farley corrosive over a long time 3)Injection = need for serility but rappid 4)Body orifices 5)Skin application=spray/cream 6) Implantable drugs= slow release |
| What is teh difference between aspirin and advance aspirin? |
| advance aspirin uses nanos , 6x faster , but not yet in canada |
| where do drugs usually come into the body from? |
| capillary beds |
what is a healthy BMI range?
|
| 20-26 (pregnate women and babies doe not count) |
| does BMI affect the amount of time a drug stays in the system for? |
| Yes, drugs stay longer when your BMI is higher |
| what is ment by half life of a drug? |
| the time required fron one half of the dose of drg taken to be gone |
is glucose (C6H12O6) soluable? |
| yes, it is sugar, thus highly soluable |
| Xenobitoic |
| a chemical compound that is foreign to a living compound |
