Drug Classification – Flashcards
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what are pathogens?
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a bacterium, virus, or disease causing microorganism that can cause a disease.
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which of the following is the study of abnormal physiological processes within the body?
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pathophysiology
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which of the following is the name given to a drug when it enters Phase 1 clinical trails ?
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generic
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which of the following are drugs that can be sold directly to patients without an order from a prescriber?
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over the counter
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which of the following controlled substances schedules includes illegal substances?
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schedule 1
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a drug in which of the following pregnancy categories would be considered the safest to use during pregnancy?
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A
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which of the following dosage forms would be least likely to produce a systemic effect?
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antibiotic ointment applied to a small area on the skin
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which of the following best describes drug administration that would result in a local drug effect?
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applying a transdermal patch to the skin
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which of the following is the most often considered a topical route of administration?
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inhalation
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into which of the following muscles are intramuscular injections given most often in the pharmacy?
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deltoid
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which of the following publishes lists of easily confused drug names and error prone abbreviations so that medication errors can be avoided?
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ISMP
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which of the following is the part of an atom that is negatively charged and orbits around the nucleus?
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electron
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which of the following is a chemical bond between atoms wherein electrons are shared?
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covalent
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which of the following is true of acidic substances?
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acids easily donate hydrogen ions
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which of the following is the membrane transport process that moves drug molecules from the site of administration into the blood stream according to a concentration gradient (high to low)
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diffusion
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which of the following factors could affect the absorption of an oral drug?
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all of the above, poor blood flow to gastrointestinal tract, changing the ph of the stomach ( such as taking an antacid), dissolving the drug in water before swallowing.
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in which of the following routes of administration would you most likely encounter problems with the first pass effect?
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oral
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if someone had alcoholic liver cirrhosis, which pharmacokinetic phase would most likely be affected?
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metabolism
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which of the following is the term for the time it takes for the concentration of drug in the blood to drop to half
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half life
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the hepatic cytochrome p450 enzyme system affects drugs in which phase of pharmacokinetics?
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metabolism
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which of the following phases is represented in the upward sloping portion of the dose response cure/
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absorption
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which of the following involves a body wide immune response that attacks cells that have already been infected with viruses?
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cellular immunity
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which of the following cells directly produces antibodies for fighting infection?
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B cells
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many healthcare employers (including pharmacies ) require employees to get vaccinated against hepatitis B. What type of pathogenic organism causes this infection?
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virus
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staphylococcus aureus (a common skin bacteria) is shaped most like which of the following?
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grape like clusters of spherical cells
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which of the following drugs is a patient most likely to be allergic to if he or she is also allergic to penicillin?
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cephalosporins
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which of the following drugs is used most frequently for MRSA infections?
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vancomycin
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which drug is used most commonly with the sulfonamide antibiotic, sulfamethoxazole, for urinary tract infection (UTIs)?
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trimethoprim
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which of the following cannot be used by pregnant women and by children under eight years old, due to tooth discoloration problems?
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tetracycline
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which of the following is most likely to be used to treat herpes zoster(shingles)?
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acyclovir
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which of the following is a PI agent used for HIV and can cause fat redistribution and diabetes?
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atazanavir
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which of the following cells of the immune system produce immunoglobulins?
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B cells
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which of the following antibodies are found in mucous membranes and pass from mother to baby during breast feeding?
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IgA
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which of the following is the brand name of an injectable vaccine for influenza?
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Fluzone
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where should most vaccines be stored in the pharmacy?
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in the refrigerator
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which of the following is true of MS?
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MS is an autoimmune disorder that affects the myelin sheath on nerve tissue
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which side effects are common after receiving a vaccine or other immunologic therapy and can be relieved by taking acetaminophen?
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fever and headache
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which of the following viral diseases can be prevented with a vaccine?
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hepatitis A and B
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for which of the following is cyclosporine used?
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preventing organ rejection after transplant
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interferons are available in which of the following dosage forms?
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injection
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which of the following immunologic therapies are given in advance to protect against injections?
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vaccines
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which of the following is a characteristic of the dermis?
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living tissue and contains blood vessels (supply)
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a burn involving the dermis and including blisters and possible scarring is what type of burn?
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second degree
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which of the following is an infection of the skin and caused by bacteria ?
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impetigo
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which of the following is a severe dry skin condition that often appears in the crooks of the elbows and knees?
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eczema
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which of the following is caused by pressure (such as the pressure caused by lying in bed in one position too long)?
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decubitus
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which of the following is true about topical antibiotics?
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tetracycline topical is available only by prescription
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what is the most common drug in OTC acne products?
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benzoyl peroxide
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which of the following topical corticosteroids is available without prescription?
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hydrocortisone
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for which of the following would you most likely use aloe vera?
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sunburn
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which of the following is a super potent topical corticosteroid?
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diprolene
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which of the following is responsible for the formation/building of new bone?
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osteoblasts
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which of the following is a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
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all of the above, female gender, small frame, and smoking
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some pharmacies screen for osteoporosis with a bone mineral density test on what part of the body?
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heel
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which of the following drugs is used for osteoporosis?
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risedronate
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which of the following drugs is selective estrogen receptor modulator?
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evista
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which of the following is an abnormal immune process that breaks down joint tissue and results in joint deformation?
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rheumatoid
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NSAIDs block which of the following substances in the pain pathway in order to reduce pain and inflammation?
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prostaglandins
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which of the following drugs is used to slow disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis?
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allopurinol
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which of the following is derived from shark cartilage and is used for osteoarthritis?
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chondroitin
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which of the following effects would be considered a physiological response to acute pain?
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increased blood pressure
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which of the following would be considered a response to chronic pain?
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all of the above, depression, sleep disturbance, and physical activity.
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which of the following best describes how narcotics analgesics work?
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blockade of kappa and mu opiate receptors
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which of the following drugs works best if used as soon as the first symptoms (aura) associated with a migraine appear?
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rizatriptan
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which of the following is a common side effect of opiate drugs?
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all of the above, constipation, drowsiness, and nausea/vomiting
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which of the following drugs interacts with opiates to cause further CNS depressions?
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alcohol
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which of the following is/are a C2 narcotic?
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oxycodone/acetaminophen
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which of the following is used topically to treat neuropathic pain?
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capasaicin
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which of the following is an injectable anesthetic?
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propofol
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which of the following anesthetics is used for local anesthesia?
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lidocaine
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skeletal muscle is considered which of the following?
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voluntary muscle
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on what type of muscle do commonly prescribed muscle relaxants work?
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skeletal
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which of the following muscles is used most often to administer vaccines (such as the flu shot) in the pharmacy setting?
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deltoid
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which of the following neurotransmitters causes muscles to contract by stimulating receptors on the surface of muscle cells?
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acetylcholine
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which of the following drugs is used primarily for spasticity caused by head injury or cerebral palsy?
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baclofen (lioresal)
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althoughall muscle relaxants have some potential for addiction and abuse, which of the following has the greatest potential ( leading some to believe it should be a controlled substance)?
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cyclobenzaprine
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on which of the following should you put the following warning label when dispensing?
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robaxin
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which of the following is a long acting neuromuscular blocking agent?
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pancuronium
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which of the following relaxes muscle by blocking ACh?
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Botox
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which of the following drugs can be given intrathecally?
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baclofen
