Drug Cards IV – Flashcards
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lisinopril/Zestril classification
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therapeutic: antihypertensive Pharmacologic: ACE inhibitor
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lisinopril/Zestril administration
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PO
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lisinopril/Zestril common side effects
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dizzy, fatigue, headache, cough hypotension
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lisinopril/Zestril nursing implications
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monitor blood pressure, pulse, weight, edema, lung sounds (rales, crackles), dyspnea, BUN/Creatinine, AST/ALT
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lisinopril/Zestril client teaching
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change position slowly, avoid OTC cough meds that can raise blood pressure, additional interventions for hypoertension (low salt, exercise/weight loss, no smoking, low stress), monitor blood pressure periodically
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lisinopril/Zestril additional information
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commonly prescribed for hypertension, congestive heart failure
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loperamide/immodium classification
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therapeutic: antidiarrheal pharmacologic: none
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loperamide/immodium administration
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PO
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loperamide/immodium common side effects
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GI: constipation, abdominal discomfort
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loperamide/immodium nursing implications
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assess bowel function, fluid and electrolyte labs, turgor
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loperamide/immodium client teaching
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monitor stools as diarrhea should get better, report fever, abdominal complaints
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loperamide/immodium additional information
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commonly prescribed for acute and chronic diarrhea that can be associated with inflammatory bowel disease
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Magnesium hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide/Maalox classification
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therapeutic: antiulcer agent pharmacologic: antacid
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Magnesium hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide/Maalox administration
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PO
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Magnesium hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide/Maalox common side effects
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constipation, diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalance
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Magnesium hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide/Maalox nursing implications
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assess symptoms (heartburn, indigestion, gastric pain), monitor labs (phosphate, potassium, calcium)
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Magnesium hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide/Maalox Client Teaching
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signs/symptoms of gastric bleeding include black, tarry stools; coffee ground emesis. do not take within 2 hours of other medications
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Magnesium hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide/Maalox additional information
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commonly prescribed for variety of GI complaints such as indigestion, GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disorder)/heartburn, peptic and gastric ulcers
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Metoprolol/Lopressor/Toprol classification
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therapeutic: antianginal, antihypertensive pharmacologic: beta blocker
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Metoprolol/Lopressor/Toprol administration
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PO, IV
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Metoprolol/Lopressor/Toprol common side effects
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fatigue, weakness, bradycardia, hypotension
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Metoprolol/Lopressor/Toprol nursing implications
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monitor blood pressure and pulse, manifestations of congestive heart failure, dyspnea, rales/crackles, weight gain, edema, angina pain
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Metoprolol/Lopressor/Toprol client teaching
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change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension, may cause dizziness. monitor pulse. instruct client on additional interventions for hypertension (low salt, weight loss, etc.)
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Metoprolol/Lopressor/Toprol additional information
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commonly prescribed for hypertension, angina, heart failure
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Naloxone/Narcan classification
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therapeutic: antidotes pharmacologic: opioid antagonist
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Naloxone/Narcan administration
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IV, IM
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Naloxone/Narcan common side effects
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hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting
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Naloxone/Narcan nursing implications
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monitor vitals, loss of consciousness, repeat doses may be necessary (toxicity risk is minimal); will decrease respiratory depression and reverse analgesia; opiod withdrawal may occur (vomiting, restlessness, abd cramps, increased blood pressure and temperature.)
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Naloxone/Narcan client teaching
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explain the purpose and effects of naloxone
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Naloxone/Narcan additional information
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commonly prescribed for reversal of CNS depression and respiratory depression because of suspected opiod overdose.
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oxycodone/oxycontil, oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet), oxycodone/aspirin (Percodan) Classification
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therapeutic: opiod analgesics pharmacologic: opiod agonists, opioid agonists/nonopoid analgesics combinations
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oxycodone/oxycontil, oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet), oxycodone/aspirin (Percodan) administration
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PO
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oxycodone/oxycontil, oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet), oxycodone/aspirin (Percodan) common side effects
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CNS: confusion, sedation; Resp: respiratory depression; GI: constipation
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oxycodone/oxycontil, oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet), oxycodone/aspirin (Percodan) Nursing Implications
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use with caution in client taking MAO inhibitors. assess client type, location, intensity of pain prior to administration and 30-60 minutes after. assess BP, P, R before administration and periodically. monitor for accidental overdose. assess bowel function routinely.
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oxycodone/oxycontil, oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet), oxycodone/aspirin (Percodan) client teaching
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instruct client on how and when to ask for pain medication. caution client about potential abuse. advise client to call for help due to drowsiness and dizziness. assess for a decrease in severity of pain.
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oxycodone/oxycontil, oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet), oxycodone/aspirin (Percodan) additional information
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commonly used for a decrease in severity of pain without significant alteration in level of consciousness or respiratory status.
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polyethylene glycol/Miralax Classification
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therapeutic: laxatives pharmacologic: osmotic
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polyethylene glycol/Miralax administration
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PO- dissolve powder in 8 oz of water or juice
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polyethylene glycol/Miralax common side effects
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GI: abd bloating, cramping, flatulence, nausea
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polyethylene glycol/Miralax nursing implications
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assess client for abd distension, presence of bowel sounds and usual pattern of bowel function. assess color, consistency, and amount of stool produced
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polyethylene glycol/Miralax client teaching
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inform client that 2-4 days may be required to produce a BM. prolonged. frequent, or excessive use may result in electrolyte imbalance and laxative dependence
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polyethylene glycol/Miralax additional information
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commonly used for the treatment of occasional constipation
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Potassium chloride/Micro K; K-Dur classification
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therapeutic: mineral and electrolyte replacement/supplement pharmacologic: none
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Potassium chloride/Micro K; K-Dur administration
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PO, IV
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Potassium chloride/Micro K; K-Dur common side effects
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GI (abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting), arrhythmias
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Potassium chloride/Micro K; K-Dur nursing implications
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assess manifestations of hypokalemia (weakness, fatigue, arrhythmias, polyuria, polydipsia) and manifestations of hyperkalemia (manifestations of toxicity include slow irregular heartbeat, fatigue, muscle weakness, paresthesia, confusion, dyspnea, ECG changes, arrhythmias). monitor vitals, ECG, serum potassium level. Per IV must be given diluted and at a slow rate to avoid fatality (never given IV push or bolus). capsules may be opened and sprinkled on soft food (pudding or applesauce)
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Potassium chloride/Micro K; K-Dur client teaching
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administer with food to lessen GI complaints, advise regarding sources of dietary potassium, regular follow up serum potassium levels may be needed
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Potassium chloride/Micro K; K-Dur additional information
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commonly prescribed for potassium depletion
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prednisone classification
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therapeutic: antiasthmatics, corticosteroids pharmacologic: corticosteroids (systemic)
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prednisone administration
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PO
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prednisone common side effects
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decreased wound healing, ecchymoses, skin fragility, hyperglycemia, fluid retention, weight gain, osteoporosis, muscle wasting, cushingoid appearance (moon face, buffalo hump), increased susceptibility to infection
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prednisone nursing implications
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assess involved system and side effects
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prednisone client teaching
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administer with meal to minimize GI irritation, do not stop abruptly, avoid people with contagious illnesses, review side effects with patient, may beed close follow up including lab work and eye exams
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prednisone additional information
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commonly prescribed for variety of diseases including inflammatory, allergic, asthma
