question

Five-month-old Patricia has learned to clap her hands and play patty-cake when her sister claps her hands and smiles. In which of the following behaviors is Patricia engaging?

answer

making interesting sights last

question

Hugh enjoys playing with your keys. When you take them away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that Hugh does not understand:

answer

object permanence.

question

When infants observe others' actions and then imitate them at a later time, they have exhibited:

answer

deferred imitation.

question

Verbal skills are necessary for which type of memory?

answer

explicit

question

According to Piaget, the core of intelligence is:

answer

adaptation.

question

Piaget's stage six of sensorimotor intelligence is known as:

answer

mental combinations.

question

After the child's vocabulary has reached about 50 expressed words, the vocabulary increases by approximately ______ words per month.

answer

50-100

question

The usual order of the development of spoken language is:

answer

reflexes, cooing, babbling, spoken words.

question

Because of ______, a 10-month-old may later pick up and try to use the scissors that his brother used to cut paper.

answer

deferred imitation

question

In Piaget's terminology, sensorimotor stage two is described by:

answer

the first acquired adaptations.

question

An infant's growing awareness of vertical depths and their dangers is mostly due to:

answer

the experience of crawling.

question

Five-month-old Patricia has learned to clap her hands and play patty-cake when her sister claps her hands and smiles. In which of the following behaviors is Patricia engaging?

answer

making interesting sights last

question

When studying infants, there are always problems with:

answer

fidelity and credibility.

question

Learning adjectives is easiest in which languages?

answer

Italian; Spanish

question

As I'm walking with my toddler son one day we see a beautiful rose, and I bend down to smell it. I notice, though, that there is a bee in the rose so I quickly back away. Before I can stop my son, he has already stuck his nose into the rose and has been stung by the bee. Which of the following best explains the differences in our behaviors?

answer

Because of my life experience, my selective perception of the affordances offered by the combination of the rose and the bee allowed me to know the danger.

question

Which of the following statements is true?

answer

In the final stage of sensorimotor intelligence, toddlers begin to anticipate and solve simple problems by using mental combinations

question

Which of the following positively correlates with early onset of the naming explosion?

answer

the mother's responsiveness to the child's language

question

During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:

answer

use senses and motor skills to understand the world.

question

Verbal skills are necessary for which type of memory?

answer

explicit

question

Piaget's stage six of sensorimotor intelligence is known as:

answer

mental combinations.

question

Greti's little girl is deaf and, therefore, we would expect that she would:

answer

babble manually at about the same time normal children babble.

question

Information-processing theorists would describe perception as a(n):

answer

cognitive process.

question

While Piaget's theory of cognitive development describes cognitive changes in 6 distinct stages of infancy, information-processing researchers have demonstrated cognitive advances:

answer

on a day-to-day basis during infancy.

question

The Piagetian sensorimotor stages that involve the infant's responses to her own body are:

answer

stages one and two.

question

Which of these stages develops prior to new means through active experimentation?

answer

new adaptation and anticipation

question

Which of the following groups is most likely to ascribe to the idea that "children should be seen but not heard"?

answer

fathers from low-SES households

question

As infants acquire language, they say more ______ than any other parts of speech.

answer

nouns

question

Some studies have found that infants as young as ______ months old can remember.

answer

3

question

Jean Piaget was interested in:

answer

studying how children think.

question

The first two stages of sensorimotor thought involve:

answer

the infant's own body.

question

Which of the following is a behavior that you would observe in the second of Piaget's sensorimotor stages?

answer

an infant grabbing a bottle to suck on

question

A technique that measures electrical activity in the cortex of the brain is a(n):

answer

EEG.

question

Newborns prefer:

answer

speech over most other sounds.

question

Once infants begin to interpret their perceptions through the process of adaptation, they are:

answer

thinking.

question

During sensorimotor stage two, an infant:

answer

begins to adapt reflexes to the environment.

question

The process of getting used to an object or event through repeated exposure to it is referred to as:

answer

habituation.

question

Research has found that "baby talk" is:

answer

characterized by a high pitch, simple vocabulary, and short sentences.

question

In which of Piaget's sensorimotor stages do infants become aware of things and respond to people and objects?

answer

stage three

question

According to Piaget, the core of intelligence is:

answer

adaptation.

question

The use of prefixes, suffixes, intonation, verb forms, pronouns, and other parts of speech are all parts of:

answer

grammar.

question

Which of the following groups is most likely to ascribe to the idea that "children should be seen but not heard"?

answer

fathers from low-SES households

question

You roll a ball across the floor to a baby. The ball rolls out of sight behind a chair. For the first time, the baby crawls to search for it. The baby is probably about:

answer

8 months old.

question

According to Piaget, the stage-five infant is like a:

answer

scientist who experiments to see.

question

Which of the following capabilities is listed in the text as an example of where a baby's goal-directed behavior comes from?

answer

enhanced awareness of cause and effect memory for actions already completed understanding of other people's intentions

question

A ______ is an experience that helps people recollect an idea, thing, or event.

answer

reminder session

question

You are holding your 9-month-old son on your lap. You pluck a dandelion that has gone to seed out of the grass and blow the seeds into the air. Your son is fascinated by the flying seeds and reaches out to grab them. This is an example of which of the following?

answer

secondary circular reactions

question

Which of the following is one of the explanations offered in your text as to why English-speaking children use more nouns than verbs when they begin to speak, as compared to children of Chinese or Korean descent?

answer

Interactions between children and objects are more common in English-speaking cultures, while social interactions are more common in Asian cultures.

question

Information-processing theorists believe that perception:

answer

is something each individual experiences in his or her own way.

question

Explicit memory depends on the maturation of which of the following brain structures?

answer

hippocampus

question

That objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen defines:

answer

object permanence.

question

Elain communicates with her new baby in child-directed speech, also known as:

answer

motherese.

question

Which of the following groups is most likely to ascribe to the idea that "children should be seen but not heard"?

answer

fathers from low-SES households

question

An infant's growing awareness of vertical depths and their dangers is mostly due to:

answer

the experience of crawling.

question

According to research on babies and their emotional affordances, which of the following is most likely to cause babies to smile brightly?

answer

seeing and hearing their mothers happy

question

Which of the following statements is true?

answer

In the final stage of sensorimotor intelligence, toddlers begin to anticipate and solve simple problems by using mental combinations.

question

Verbal skills are necessary for which type of memory?

answer

explicit

question

At approximately what age will a child begin to utter her first two-word sentences?

answer

21 months

question

The behavior of an infant in sensorimotor stage four might best be described as:

answer

deliberate.

question

Once infants begin to interpret their perceptions through the process of adaptation, they are:

answer

thinking.

question

Fourteen-month-old Tony would most likely be in a sensorimotor stage that involves:

answer

experimentation.

question

Sensorimotor stage four is the stage of:

answer

new adaptation and anticipation.

question

Twenty-month-old Hans is thinking carefully before pulling a pot out of the kitchen cupboard because the last time he did this all of the pans fell out and made a loud crashing sound. In which of the following behaviors is Hans engaging?

answer

making mental combinations

question

A baby sticks out its tongue and another person laughs. The baby joins in the laughter and deliberately sticks out its tongue again. Piaget would call this behavior:

answer

secondary circular reactions.

question

Babies between 6 and 15 months understand about ______ times more words than they can actually say.

answer

10

question

Elaine communicates with her new baby in child-directed speech, also known as:

answer

motherese.

question

The usual order of the development of spoken language is:

answer

reflexes, cooing, babbling, spoken words.

question

Once infants become active in exploration and experimentation within their environment, they are engaging in:

answer

tertiary circular reactions.

question

Verbal skills are necessary for which type of memory?

answer

explicit

question

Attempting to eat spaghetti by trying to put a piece in the ears as well as in the mouth is typical of sensorimotor stage:

answer

stage five.

question

Aisha uses "baby signing" to teach her infant son, Ahmed, how to communicate before he is old enough to talk. Ahmed has just started using a few signs in response to his mother. He can make the sign for "more" and "all done" during meals. Ahmed is most likely:

answer

between 6 and 12 months old.

question

Elaine communicates with her new baby in child-directed speech, also known as:

answer

motherese.

question

Piaget's stage six of sensorimotor intelligence is known as:

answer

mental combinations.

question

The technique that measures changes in blood flow anywhere in the brain is called:

answer

fMRI.

question

Vanna is 14 months old and does not yet respond to any specific words. When she began to babble, she did not respond to her parents' voices and soon she stopped. Her parents should:

answer

have her hearing tested.

question

Which of the following best summarizes the research conducted by Baillargeon and others regarding object permanence?

answer

Her research indicates that children have a sense of object permanence much earlier than Piaget believed.

question

An infant's reaction to the visual cliff is supposed to measure her:

answer

depth perception.

question

Which of the following research results provides support for the social impulses theory of language learning?

answer

Toddlers learn new words best when they are taught in person.

question

Sensorimotor stage four is the stage of:

answer

new adaptation and anticipation

question

As early as 5 months old, babies seem to prefer:

answer

adults who engage in child-directed speech.

question

Jacob is 3 months old and is sucking on his pacifier. According to Piaget, he adapted to the pacifier since it does not provide food. This adaptation is a sign that Jacob is:

answer

thinking.

question

That objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen defines:

answer

object permanence.

question

Piaget called the infants' first period of cognitive development:

answer

sensorimotor intelligence.

question

The behavior of an infant in sensorimotor stage four might best be described as:

answer

deliberate.

question

Which of the following is one of the explanations offered in your text as to why English-speaking children use more nouns than verbs when they begin to speak, as compared to children of Chinese or Korean descent?

answer

Interactions between children and objects are more common in English-speaking cultures, while social interactions are more common in Asian cultures.

question

When Becky's mother speaks to her, she uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, and lots of repetition. At four months of age, Becky delights in her mother's use of:

answer

child-directed speech.

question

On average, children begin saying recognizable words at about:

answer

12 months of age.

question

By 10 months of age, Alan has a vocabulary of a dozen words. B. F. Skinner would have attributed Alan's rapid speech development mainly to his:

answer

parents' talking to him frequently.

question

The percentage of all 2-year-olds with a vocabulary of at least 100 words is:

answer

90.

question

During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:

answer

use senses and motor skills to understand the world.

question

Which of these stages develops prior to new means through active experimentation?

answer

new adaptation and anticipation

question

Using the word "more" to mean "I want another cookie" is an example of a(n):

answer

holophrase.

question

A particular stage-four baby does not like to get wet. If his mother turned on the faucet and got out his bath towel, the baby might:

answer

howl and move away from her and the bathroom.

question

On average, names for significant caregivers, siblings, and sometimes pets are learned between ______ months.

answer

12 and 18

question

A toddler experimentally varies the way she handles a ball—first squeezing it, then throwing it—to learn what effect each variation has. This child is demonstrating:

answer

tertiary circular reactions.

question

An example of stage-three behavior is:

answer

looking for a smile and smiling back.

question

Makesha is 8 months old. Research on object permanence would suggest that she:

answer

has limited search abilities.

question

Once an infant becomes responsive to other people and to objects, and touches and moves them, she is engaging in:

answer

tertiary circular reactions.

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