DEP 2004 UCF FINAL

question

Which of Sternberg's three forms of intelligence is sometimes called "street smarts"?

answer

practical

question

The measure of health MOST indicative of the quality of one's daily life is:

answer

vitality.

question

Currently in the United States, _____ percent of adults are overweight.

answer

65

question

Implementation is quitting a habit according to plan. When is implementation most successful?

answer

tackling one habit at a time

question

When developmentalists use the term "expert," they usually mean a person who:

answer

is significantly better than others at performing a certain task.

question

Regular exercise helps adults in all these ways EXCEPT:

answer

negating the impact of tobacco use.

question

When students take multiple-choice exams, they are using the form of intelligence that Sternberg calls:

answer

analytic

question

Difficulty in performing normal activities of daily life because of a "physical, mental, or emotional condition" is called:

answer

disability.

question

In which coping style do people try to change their attitude about a stressor?

answer

emotion-focused

question

Which statement about age and expertise is true?

answer

Expertise can overcome some of the detrimental effects of age but not all.

question

Between the ages of 23 and 44, the average worker in the United States has ______ separate employers.

answer

7

question

Susan's grandmother, at age 80, is in Erikson's final stage of adulthood, which is called:

answer

integrity versus despair.

question

The belief that family members should be supportive of one another even if it means sacrificing individual freedom and success is referred to as:

answer

familism.

question

Families with stepchildren, foster children, or adoptive children experience greater challenges in developing secure attachments because:

answer

some children remain strongly attached to their birth parents.

question

A man who changes jobs frequently, moves often, and always seems happier because of such changes is likely to be high in:

answer

openness.

question

In a typical family, the kinkeeper is MOST apt to be:

answer

a middle-aged mother.

question

How does the relationship between siblings typically change from adolescence to adulthood?

answer

It improves to the point where they are often best friends.

question

Adults choose their _____ by selecting neighborhoods, mates, hobbies, and careers at least in part based on their personality traits.

answer

ecological niche

question

Approximately what proportion of divorces terminates an abusive or destructive relationship?

answer

one-third

question

The theorist who first proposed the idea that individuals continue to develop well into adulthood was:

answer

Erikson.

question

_____ is a common condition because many elderly people take many different prescription drugs.

answer

Polypharmacy

question

Researchers believe that Alzheimer disease is _____ genetic.

answer

partly

question

Which of the following attributes is associated with wisdom?

answer

practical life experience

question

Research on parts of the world where many people live well to advanced age indicates that these individuals usually:

answer

work throughout life.

question

What is the fastest-growing age group in the United States?

answer

80 and up

question

Storage mechanisms, retrieval strategies, selective attention, and problem-solving are all considered:

answer

control processes.

question

According to the information-processing approach to cognition, which of the following is another term for the "sensing" stage of cognition?

answer

input

question

Inez, age 76, believes she is independent and has personal autonomy. She is likely to be:

answer

mentally and physically healthier than people her age who do not share those beliefs.

question

A marked decrease in brain processing and memory in some older adults may be attributed to:

answer

inadequate control processes.

question

Elderly drivers have fewer car accidents than young people do because:

answer

elderly drivers compensate for deficiencies by driving more slowly and avoiding night driving.

question

Between 1997 and 2009, the proportion of U.S. elderly with a limitation in activity that interfered with essential functioning:

answer

decreased.

question

The fact that many elderly people take many different medications means that:

answer

the drugs can interact and produce adverse reactions.

question

When Alzheimer disease sets in early and impacts those under age 60, death typically occurs around _____ years after the first signs of the disease appear.

answer

10 to 15

question

Audrey is 85 years old and has begun a life review. Her primary reason for doing this is probably to:

answer

put her life into perspective.

question

n 2012 in the United States, the average life expectancy for was _____ years for men and _____ years for women.

answer

76; 81

question

The notion that DNA regulates the aging process is referred to as the:

answer

genetic clock.

question

Approximately what percentage of people between the ages of 60 and 69 have dementia?

answer

1

question

For the average individual in late adulthood, traditional tests of intelligence demonstrate that:

answer

cognitive abilities decline.

question

All of Paulo and Geneva's children have moved out, started families, and are working on their careers. According to the text, Paulo and Geneva's home is now a(n):

answer

empty nest.

question

Which statement about middle age is true?

answer

Changes do not necessarily cluster around age 40.

question

Research indicates that remarried people:

answer

have a greater chance of divorce than do people in first marriages.

question

Rates of remarriage are highest for those who:

answer

have the most education.

question

Half of cohabitation relationships end:

answer

within 2 years.

question

After nearly 20 years with his company, Mike's job was outsourced. He wants his new job to offer not only a good wage but also job satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment. He is focused on the _____ of work.

answer

intrinsic rewards

question

According to research, which statement about the "sandwich generation" is true?

answer

Many adults do not feel burdened by their responsibilities

question

With increasing age, the trait of extroversion tends to:

answer

decrease slightly.

question

Randy moved across the country to advance his career. Though he moved alone, he soon developed a group of coworkers and friends who became like a family to him. They served as his:

answer

social convoy.

question

Monika lives next door to her childhood home and has become the caregiver for her mother, a frail elderly woman with dementia and other physical weaknesses. Which of the following is NOT likely true of this case?

answer

Monika is most likely the caregiver because she has the training and personality to do the job better than others in the family.

question

The fact that Maine, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia follow Florida as the states with highest proportion of residents over age 65 illustrates that:

answer

most people prefer to age where they have always lived.

question

The elderly may not participate in social networking for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

answer

they are unable to learn new things.

question

Which of the following occupations still has a legal mandatory retirement age?

answer

jet pilot

question

Martha has accumulated such large piles of old papers and magazines that she can no longer use her table or desk, and she has held on to so much old furniture and clothing that many rooms in her home cannot be entered. In her attempts to hang on to various material items from her life, Martha developed:

answer

compulsive hoarding.

question

About 5 percent of elders report that they have been victims of:

answer

elder abuse.

question

Which of the following is a sign of a humane setting for long-term care?

answer

individual choice in activities

question

Denmark, which has the highest proportion of happy seniors, mitigates stratification by income by:

answer

providing free health care and subsidized senior housing.

question

Which of the following is NOT a possible reason that elders don't volunteer in higher numbers?

answer

The elderly usually do not want to give time or money to assist others.

question

Older immigrants tend to be:

answer

lonely and poor, without a U.S. work history or the benefit of extended family life to support them.

question

In a study of Hispanic college students, those who most likely to maintain their ethnic identity, deflect stereotype threat, and be good students were those who:

answer

resisted alienation and assimilation.

question

According to research, who is MOST likely to experience the greatest gain in well-being during emerging adulthood?

answer

Eric, who lives in a dorm

question

A possible fifth stage of cognitive development that characterizes adult thinking is:

answer

postformal thought.

question

Which phenomenon has contributed to the worldwide spread of sexually transmitted infections?

answer

easy international travel

question

Emerging adults who were insecurely attached as infants are more likely to _____ than those who were securely attached.

answer

marry early and divorce

question

Statistically, who is MOST apt to feel lonely?

answer

Iris, a freshman at a residential college

question

Joel was a very aggressive 4-year-old boy. During emerging adulthood, he is MOST likely to:

answer

drop out of school.

question

The people MOST apt to become postformal thinkers are those who:

answer

have friends from diverse backgrounds.

question

About _____ percent of females with AIDS contracted it through rape.

answer

20

question

Jackson is experiencing stereotype threat. Research indicates its effects can be reduced by:

answer

convincing Jackson that his achievement depends on hard work.

question

Fluid intelligence includes:

answer

the speed of processing mathematical information.

question

If a person is experiencing several stressors and the person's organ reserve is depleted, the physiological toll of those stressors can:

answer

speed up the heart.

question

What global trend is evident with regards to alcohol?

answer

Poor countries have more abstainers and abusers.

question

When the thought required for an action has become routine, and it appears that most aspects of the task are performed instinctively, the performance of the task is:

answer

automatic.

question

Which statement about fluid intelligence is true?

answer

It is quick and flexible.

question

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) involves taking:

answer

estrogen and progesterone.

question

Which example relies MOST heavily upon crystallized intelligence?

answer

knowing the chemical symbols for various elements

question

What percentage of adults in the United States and England get at least 30 minutes per day of exercise?

answer

less than 5

question

Baltes and Baltes found that adults use their intellectual strengths to offset their age-related declining abilities through the process of:

answer

selective optimization with compensation.

question

The two researchers who concluded that fluid and crystallized intelligence are the most crucial aspects of intelligence were:

answer

Cattell and Horn.

question

Diseases of affluence

answer

are now more common among the poor.

question

Alicia, who is 31, arrived in the United States 6 months ago. She was accompanied by her daughter Maricela, age 8, and her mother, Rosita, age 55. They joined Danilo (Maricela's father) who has lived in the United States for the past 2 years. Statistically, which family member is at greatest risk for obesity?

answer

Maricela

question

In middle adulthood, a person is MOST apt to lose:

answer

nearly an inch in height.

question

Which statement does NOT describe the effect of SES upon a person's life span?

answer

The impact of SES on life span is decreasing in the U.S.

question

For a typical middle-aged adult, intelligence usually increases:

answer

in the specific areas that reflect his or her interest.

question

According to Erikson, the developmental crisis that occurs after intimacy versus isolation is:

answer

generativity versus stagnation.

question

What proportion of all first marriages end in divorce?

answer

one-third

question

People who are not in a person's closest convoy but who still have an effect on the person's life by providing information, support, or new ideas are known as:

answer

consequential strangers.

question

Which is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits?

answer

selflessness

question

At least initially, remarriage brings which conditions?

answer

better health

question

Jeremy was reared in several foster homes and never knew his parents. When he started working with Kent, he became close to Kent's family to the point where they fondly referred to him as "our newfound son." The family has "adopted" Jeremy as:

answer

fictive kin.

question

Common ways to be generative include caregiving, employment that allows for personal growth, and:

answer

creativity.

question

Which statement about employees that work overtime is true?

answer

Workers who are required to work overtime feel less job satisfaction.

question

What disadvantage do stepparents face that adoptive parents do not?

answer

The children may be strongly connected to their biological parents.

question

The fact that many older people begin to demonstrate an interest in painting, music, or woodworking supports the idea that older people:

answer

develop an appreciation for the aesthetic.

question

Control processes depend on the _____, which shrinks with age.

answer

prefrontal cortex

question

The very ends of chromosomes in cells, which may be correlated with longevity, are known as:

answer

telomeres.

question

After seeing a specialist, Jack started taking a medicine for his heart that led to digestive problems. He saw a different doctor for that issue and was prescribed another drug, which led to headaches. Yet another doctor prescribed another drug for his headaches. Jack has just experienced:

answer

a prescribing cascade.

question

Edna, age 71, has excellent pronunciation but poor spelling. She frequently forgets the word or phrase she is trying to use, telling others that it is "on the tip of her tongue." These characteristics may be the result of:

answer

inadequate control processes

question

_____ can disrupt the flow of oxygen to the brain, thereby worsening the symptoms of dementia.

answer

Diabetes

question

In 2012 in the United States, the average life expectancy for was _____ years for men and _____ years for women.

answer

76; 81

question

Lionel has two biomarkers that are well outside the normal range. He has had a life filled with financial and familial stress, and has not always handled it well, though he has never smoked. As he ages, we can expect that:

answer

Lionel's lifelong responses to stress will create a biological burden.

question

The notion that DNA regulates the aging process is referred to as the

answer

genetic clock.

question

Life satisfaction for the elderly correlates with:

answer

companionship

question

Jonah and Abigail have been married for 50 years. Jonah is healthy and active, and through his life's work as the owner of a business -- work he deeply loved -- he saved well for retirement. Based on this, which of the following is most likely TRUE?

answer

Abigail has a high level of well being because her partner has a high level of well being.

question

Marge was asked to select a cherished object from her life. She chose a small tarnished picture frame with a photo of her with her mother, taken when she was a girl. Her selection demonstrates her attempt to:

answer

hold on to her identity.

question

Which of the following statements about older people and religion is TRUE?

answer

Religious institutions provide a valuable social network to the aging.

question

Most studies of marriages of long duration find that compared to younger adults, the elderly are:

answer

happier in their marriages.

question

With regard to elections and public policy debates, the elderly tend:

answer

to identify with a political party.

question

Multi-generational families appear to be most beneficial for:

answer

people from each generation.

question

The increased allostatic load that African Americans experience as a result of years of stress related to discrimination is referred to as:

answer

weathering.

question

Which theory focuses on the gender divisions promoted by society?

answer

feminist

question

Today, most never-married older adults are:

answer

about as happy as people in long-term marriages.

question

Compared to single older adults, elderly partners tend to be

answer

happier and wealthier.

question

Mrs. Smith lives in the same house as her grandchildren and cares for them every day. Her grandparenting is:

answer

involved.

question

With regard to elections and public policy debates, the elderly tend:

answer

to identify with a political party.

question

Assisted living can be thought of as a combination of:

answer

nursing home care and independent living.

question

About one in every ____ long-term marriages is not satisfying to at least one person in the couple.

answer

6

question

Ed and Janet have been married for 60 years. When asked to share their secret to a long marriage, Ed replied:

answer

"We have learned how to disagree."

question

Self theories emphasize:

answer

perceptions of self.

question

About one-third of older people will be frail for _____ before they die.

answer

at least a year

question

As Tom helped himself to a fourth beer, he announced to everyone at the barbecue that alcohol is healthy in moderation. How does the text define "moderation"?

answer

two drinks per day

question

Which statement about hormone replacement therapy is true?

answer

Some findings may have been affected by SES.

question

Intelligence that reflects information processing capabilities, reasoning, and memory along with the ability to flexibly apply knowledge to solve new problems is called

answer

fluid intelligence

question

Studies of stereotyping across the lifespan suggest that those who have achieved post-formal thinking

answer

can use controlled processing to inhibit stereotypes

question

Young adults are most at risk for

answer

death by unintentional injury

question

Which of the following types of intelligence declines as we age?

answer

Fluid intelligence

question

Intelligence that represents the accumulation of information, skills, and strategies that people have learned through experience and that they can apply in familiar situations is called

answer

crystallized intelligence

question

The coping mechanism associated with controlling the feelings associated with stressors.

answer

Emotion focused

question

The key change associated with menopause is

answer

cessation of menstruation

question

Which of the following are changes associated with the male climacteric?

answer

Reduced sperm cell count

question

IQ tends to decline as we age.

answer

false

question

The male climacteric represents the end of sexual behavior for men

answer

false

question

The theorized extension to Piaget's theory that includes the acquisition of wisdom and "life expertise" is called

answer

postformal thought

question

Who proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence that states that intelligence is comprised of componential, experiential, and contextual types?

answer

Sternberg

question

Couples who cohabit due to convenience are:

answer

less likely to have a happy marriage.

question

Common ways to be generative include caregiving, employment that allows for personal growth, and:

answer

creativity.

question

According to a 2010 study, what percentage of the U.S. labor force is female?

answer

47

question

Youngs adults create a self-concept based on a narrative of their life so far called the

answer

life-story model

question

Obtaining enjoyment and pleasure from the activities that comprise one's career is a form of ____________ reward.

answer

intrinsic

question

In the context of one's career, the sense that one's individual contributions are meaningless and that one is just a small cog in a much larger machine is known as

answer

alienation

question

Which of the following is not one of the primary categories of leisure activities?

answer

All of these are categories of leisure

question

The life-span construct involves creating

answer

scenarios about how to achieve life goals possible identities that one would like to become a narrative of one's life based on autobiographical information

question

Which of the following is not a significant reason that people work, at least as discussed in class?

answer

to find a mate

question

Young adults tend to make plans for the kind of person they would like to become in the future.

answer

true

question

Plans for the future, including timetables for the achievement of specific goals are called

answer

scenarios

question

As women have become more likely to have careers, there has been a strong tendency to perform fewer household chores as men have performed more household chores.

answer

True

question

Joey is 27 years old and is single. He is beginning to feel lonely and has a strong desire to have an intimate relationship with another person. Which of Erikson's crises is he facing?

answer

Intimacy vs. Isolation

question

Which of the following is not a problem encountered in dual career households, at least as discussed in class?

answer

Juvenile deliquency

question

Which of the following is a positive effect of engaging in leisure activities?

answer

Reduces stress Generates optimism Reduces mortality risk

question

The changes of primary aging are:

answer

universal.

question

One function of working memory is:

answer

temporary storage of information for conscious use.

question

The first stage of Alzheimer disease is characterized by:

answer

absentmindedness about recent events.

question

Changes in physical and perceptual ability that are caused directly by the aging process are called

answer

Primary aging effects

question

The idea that exercise (both physical and intellectual) can slow down aging effects is associated with the theory that aging effects are caused by

answer

inactivity

question

The wear-and-tear theory of aging is weakened by the fact that:

answer

inactive people often show the most signs of aging

question

Which of the following cognitive changes can be associated with increased crash risk while driving in older adults?

answer

Decline in controlled processing skills Increased reaction time Decrease in spatial orientation

question

Jack is an 85-year-old who, over the last 10 years, has experienced difficulties with remembering directions to locations, reading maps, and remembering wear he puts his vitamins. These difficulties suggest that Jack has experienced difficulties in which primary cognitive skill:

answer

Spatial Orientation

question

The term "senescence" is another name for

answer

primary aging.

question

Which of the following does NOT occur when senescence begins

answer

collagen increases

question

Which of the following is not one of the 5 primary mental abilities that decline as we age?

answer

Muscular strength

question

Training and practice can remediate declines in all of the skills listed below EXCEPT

answer

Visual ability

question

The natural physical decline brought about by aging is called

answer

senescence

question

Environmental toxins can accelerate the aging process

answer

true

question

Which of the following is evidence that older adults have difficulty using sensory feedback to guide reaching to pick up items?

answer

Slower movements More sub-movements Irregularities in the velocity profile of the reach

question

_____ provides social status, financial security, and independence for older adults.

answer

Paid employment

question

Which of the following activities is one of the ADLs?

answer

bathing

question

According to Erikson, the elderly person who strongly fears death is likely to

answer

have felt there were things s/he could have done differently in life

question

Which of the following phenomena can decrease self-esteem in the elderly?

answer

identity accommodation loss of ability ageism

question

Continuity theory suggests that stress and anxiety may result from the use of familiar strategies that do not work as well in late adulthood as they did when we were younger.

answer

true

question

Jeff is 73 years old. Lately he's been thinking about the things he's done in his life ... his relationships, his accomplishments, and other experiences he's had. Which term best describes what Jeff is doing?

answer

life review

question

Which of the following processes are associated in maintaining high self-esteem later in life:

answer

Genetics Not changing one's self-concept

question

Ron is a retired college professor. His arthritis is getting worse, but he wants to remain active and use the skills he has developed. Which of the following would Ron do if his actions were consistent with the model of selective optimization with compensation?

answer

Focus on continuing one aspects of his former job, such as teaching, at a reduced rate and discontinue the rest.

question

Kate Austin is a grandmother of six who has realizes she has spent the last 20 years of her life advocating for issues of importance to her. She feels content that her philanthropy and life have left the world in a better place. Kate has successfully navigated which of Erikson's stages of crisis

answer

Integrity vs. Despair

question

Post-Formal Operational Thought is characterized by

answer

A recognition that "correct" answers vary by context and an increase in tolerance for ambiguity

question

The incidence of depression increases for older adults.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is typically considered a major life change

answer

Divorce Retirement Health problems

question

In Erikson's theory, a life review that leads to a positive outcome will result in a sense of

answer

integrity

question

The narrowing of one's social world due to the death of friends and family is called

answer

disengagement

question

Which statement about emerging adults is true around the world?

answer

They have more years of education and marry later than their parents did.

question

Patricia and Raul live together as a romantic couple, but they are not married. Their living arrangement is called:

answer

cohabitation.

question

Dimitri, age 26, is studying to take the CPA exam in order to become a certified public accountant. According to John Holland's six categories of people, Dimitri is MOST likely in the _____ category.

answer

conventional

question

Raul's family maintains a strong ethnic identity. To increase his chances of doing well in college he should:

answer

resist both assimilation and alienation.

question

A shift from "problem solving" to "problem finding" reflects the development of:

answer

postformal thought.

question

Janel is a 19-year-old who has developed a fear of interacting with people, particularly in crowded or unfamiliar settings. She has been diagnosed with:

answer

social phobia.

question

The term massification means that:

answer

college could benefit everyone.

question

For most Western emerging adults, what is considered the primary prerequisite for marriage?

answer

love

question

In which nation do most unmarried young adults live in their childhood home, regardless of economic circumstances?

answer

Italy

question

About one-fourth of emerging adults believe that living together before marriage is bad for society, but over half of _____ do.

answer

older adults

question

In the stereotype-threat study in which college students were taught about intelligence research, which group showed the most improvement in attitudes about academic achievement and grades?

answer

African American students who were taught that intelligence is plastic.

question

Which continues to improve in MOST people beyond the age of emerging adulthood whether or not they go to college?

answer

social understanding

question

The onset of _____ peaks around age 21, with men more likely to develop the disorder than women.

answer

schizophrenia

question

Janel is a 19-year-old who has developed a fear of interacting with people, particularly in crowded or unfamiliar settings. She has been diagnosed with

answer

social phobia.

question

On average, well-being increases in emerging adulthood, as does the incidence of:

answer

psychological disorders.

question

About _____ percent of all new cases of STIs worldwide occur in people under the age of 26.

answer

50

question

All members of a family have _____, as the experiences and needs of individuals at one stage of life are affected by all those at other stages.

answer

linked lives

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