Database Management Systems Example Flashcards
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Task of searching the database to a stored record for processing is called
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data retrieval
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The four interrelated components of the database concept are the DBMS, the DBA, the physical database and
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users
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A description of the physical arrangement of records in the database is the
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internal view
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A description of the logical/abstract, schema is the
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conceptual view
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Defines how a user sees the portion of the database he or she is authorized to access, subschema, is the
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user view
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May provide many distinct views of the database
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user view
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Users access the database by
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direct query
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Identifies, for the database management system, the names and relationships of all data elements, records, and files that comprise the data
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DDL
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Enables application programs to interact with and manipulate the database
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DML
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Written in fourth-generation language, allows users to retrieve and modify data, and reduces reliance on programmers
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SQL
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The way to access data is by following a predefined data path in what model
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hierarchial
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Data is represented on two-dimensional tables, users perceive they are manipulating a single table
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relational database model
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Occurs because of data redundancy
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update anomaly
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Most serious problem with unnormalized databases
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deletion anomaly
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Tables are provided by a link table for what type of connection
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M:M
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User view, schema, and internal view are levels of the database defined by the
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DDL
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Nouns that are depicted by rectangles on an entity relationship diagram are
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entities
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Preserved in a centralized database by using a lockout procedure
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data currency
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Free of transitive dependencies
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third normal
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A proprietary programming language a DBMS uses to retrieve, process, and store data
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DML
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Permits end users and professional programmers to access date in the database directly without the need for conventional programs
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query language
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The number of instances or records that pertain to a specific entity
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occurence
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Data elements that define an entity
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attributes
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The degree of association between two entities
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cardinality
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Physically connect logically related tables to achieve the association described in the data model
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foreign keys
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A new item cannot be added to the table until at least one entity uses a particular attribute item
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insertion anomaly
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If an attribute item used by only 1 entity is deleted, all the info about that attribute item is lost
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deletion anomaly
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A modification of an attribute must be made in each of the rows in which the attribute appears
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update anomaly
