cultural comp exam 3 – Flashcards
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Examination of familial health, HEALTH practices sensitizes the individual to two variables.
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ethocultural ; religious heritage
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4 health practices of people from the Austrian Jewish heritage
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1.bake your own bread 2.eat home grown fruits ; vegetables 3.wearing camphor around neck 4.gargling with salt water
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how would a patient from Austrian-American Jewish heritage treat boils.
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friend chopped onions
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name a health protection action used by a patient from the Black-American Baptist.
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drink black strop molasses
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a canadian catholic patient many use HEALTH protection practice between November ; May
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use Father John's medicine (shot of whisky)
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An Eastern European (u.s.) Jewish patient may use three heath restoration practices.
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1. chicken soup made by mom and grandma 2. glass of wine 3. an alcohol message
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Patients from the English Episcopal, French Catholic, Norwegian Luteran, and Polish Catholic used cod-liver oil for health in ________. English, Baptist, and German Catholic patients use cod-liver oil for health _________. French Canadian, Catholic use cod-liver oil for health _________.
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1. maintenance 2. restoration 3. protection.
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an english catholic heritage patient may use which health restoration practice for a cold.
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vicks and hot towels on the chest
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a patient from which heritage uses a red scarf around the chest for a cold or a sore throat?
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English Episcopalian tradition
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a french Canadian catholic patient uses which health restoration practice for a rash?
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oatmeal bath
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a patient from which heritage boils a beef bone, breaks up toast in the broth for a headach?
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German American catholic
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an example of health protection activity for Iranian-American Moselm heritage patient.
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keep feet from getting wet in the rain
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an example of health restoration practices for an Irish Catholic patient.
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drinking Senna tea (@ every vacation) has a laxative effects, which is important among Irish-American Catholics as a HEALTH protection tradition.
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4 examples for treating menstrual cramps for an Irish Catholic patient.
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1. hot milk sprinkled with ginger 2. shot of whiskey 3. glass of warm wine 4. hot water bottle on the stomach
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4 health protection activities for the Italian-American Catholic patient.
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1.keep feet warm 2.keepig warm in cold weather 3.never washing the hair at night 4.staying out of drafts
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1 health protection activity for the Italian-American Catholic patient
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not washing hair before going out
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a Swedish-American protestant patient recommends what health maintenance activity.
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walking on regular bases
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how might a Swedish-American Protestant patient treat a black eye?
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put leeches on the black eye to decrease bruising and swelling.
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how might a Swedish-American protestant treat feeling run-down and tired with a dietary practice?
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eating a whole head of lettuce
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A recent widow from the Greek orthodox heritage loses her spouse by death. How does she behave? What would a husband do?
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She wears black for the rest of her life. She is in mourning.
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name a birth belief for Shintos
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save the umbilical cord
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nursing students experience cognitive dissonance in 2 specific ways in relation to health protection practices.
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1. conflict in attitudes in old ways 2. adopt the more stubborn methods contributes
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garlic serves what purpose when worn around the neck, name 2 purposes for this practice
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1. forces cause others to stay away 2.garlic keeps evil spirit away
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sharing family health practices has what value?
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encourage /awaken feelings of nostalgia for the good old days
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What purpose would a discussion of different ethnocultural practices have for patient or nurse families? name for purposes.
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1) Reawakens types of health practices w/each nurse's family 2) Make known similarities and differences across ethnic ; religious groups 3) Reminds us that all people practice a certain amount of traditional medicine 4) Understanding that nurses often delay seeking professional health care
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Describe the relationship between socialization and professional providers in the health care field.
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socialization into a culture's traditions, language and practices is common thread for all cultures
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"unique symbols" are a part of the nursing profession. "each professional discipline has its own language and objects, rituals, garments, and myths." list four examples of each.
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1. pen light. 2. stethoscope 3. white uniform 4. white lab coat
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patients have a common complaint regarding contemporary U.S. health care providers
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Rigidity of the system. (With ethnocentrism, allopathic medicine is superior)
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In the contemporary U.S. health care model, our culture socializes it's citizens to seek treatment from health care providers who have fulfilled three specific requirements
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education, license, certification
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what are the 3 examples from a health care provider's culture?
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1. charting 2. learning jargon 3. thought problem solving method
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Per capita income (i.e. income per person) is the mean income of the people in an economic unit (e.g. country, city). What is expected to happen with health care expenditures?
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Will increase by percentage in gross domestic product.
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According to table 8-3, the cost of prescription medications have increased from ______ in 1960 to ___________ in 2008. What is reason for the increase in prescription medications
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$2.7 billion $234.1 billion increase related to the development of new drugs
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in 2006, what 3 specific health problems in the table 8-4 cost the most to effectively treat?
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1. respiratory 2. coronary angioplasty 3. cardiac placement
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Responsibility for health care costs has moved from personal responsibility (private sector) in 1960 to the public sector and back to the private sector. what are four issues surrounding the shifting of health care coverage?
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1) Technology explosion 2) Soaring health care costs 3) Costs of services that are blindly covered 4) Families often left bankrupt
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what four changes have occurred in health care because of the affordable health care act?
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1. small business tax credit 2. free preventative care 3. improvement of health care quality and efficiency 4. insurance for pre-existing conditions
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how do health care expenditures differ between U.S. and other nations?
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our expenditure exceeds by more than doubling the amount in some countries (ex. Denmark)
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Regarding infant mortality rates (IMR), how many nations have lower IMR's in comparison to the U.S.?
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our rate is 6.7 deaths in 2006. 26 other countries have lower mortality rates.
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at the outset or turn of the 20th century, the key health problems in the U.S. were____?
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1. treatment of infectious disease 2.treatment of chronic disease 3. maternal and child health b/c of large # of new immigrants (modern chances).
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What was the impact of infrastructure and the hill-burton act of 1946?
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1. providing infrastructure for construction for hospitals 2. movie all of the pt. out of home into hospitals Development for today's cost and treatments. Building of hospitals, development of vaccines, and the development of resources that enabled costly tests and treatments to be carried out.
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during the latter part of the 20th century, a major issue in healthcare was ______?
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exploding health care costs, reform and control
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the major goal of health care reform in the 1990's by the Clinton Administration was____?
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affordable, comprehensive available
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is racism a reason why a patient may not receive adequate care and pain control?
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There may be subtle racism towards a patient with sickle cell disease.
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Suchman discusses pathways to Health Services. whom does the patient interact with at the 2nd and 3rd level?
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2nd-specialists (obstetrician gyneocologists,sergions, neurologist) 3rd-patiet care services, inpatient care services
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name 4 barriers to health care
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1. lack of money 2. no insurance 3. problems with language 4. no primary physician 5. problem with transportation
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how is language a healthcare barrier?
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miscommunication (use interpreter services)
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how is transportation a healthcare barrier?
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no pubic transportation
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how is technology a health care barrier?
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Can't afford diagnostic tests & therapies even though you have insurance.
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name four areas of patient care that overlap medicine and law
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1) Sanitation 2) Immunization 3) Abortion 4) Euthanasia
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spector illustrates the role of medicine being an institution of social control because medicine places attention on health issues that are _______.
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preventable diseases of the rich (rich people contribute to foundation that have diseases that family members have) -less famous diseases do not get funding as a result.
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holistic care is predicated on ________.
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cultural health traditions & needs.
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In Table 8-7, CulturalCare defines health as:
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balancing one's inner ; outer world.
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In Table 8-7, on topic of medicalization, what is the modern medical care perspective?
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using medical model for all problems not thought of as medical in nature
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In Table 8-7, if a patient describes Cultural Care Health restoration activities, he/she talks about_____ while a nurse is collecting health history data.
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1. herbal remedies 2. visiting a shrine
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In Table 8-7, if a nurse is working with a pregnant patient who is approaching her pregnancy from Cultural Care perspective, the patient is considering______?
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becoming a midwife
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For the Navajo, the cause and treatment of an illness can be diagnosed with ______.
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a sand painting
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The 2010 Census data revealed a major finding regarding the AI/AN population who have larger families and poverty level nearly twice that of the rest of the U.S. population
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They have less health insurance which is double compared to the rest of the U.S.
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in 1860 census and 1890 census counted the American Indian population differently. How so?
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the 1890 census was the first to cut American Indians throughout the country. prior to this census, the counting was limited to those American Indians living in the general population of various states
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if an AI patient mentions his/her family has lived in the 2 u.s. locations, what might explain the relocation?
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1. treaties of peace and land cession 2. European land takeover 3. forceable relocation
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If you are a healthcare provider of the AI, what part of the U.S. are you most likely working?
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Western part of U.S.
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If a AI patient mentions total harmony with nature, having the ability to survive under exceedingly difficult circumstances, treating the human body with respect, and treating the earth with respect — what concept is being explained to the health care provider?
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HEALTH. treat body with respect just as earth would be treated with respect
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The positive energy pole, negative energy pole, and purpose and identity describe what concept?
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The body's spiritual energy
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how does AI prevent disease?
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wear certain objects or charms as a preventative measure
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If an AI patient says (1) something that happened in the past (2) something that will happen in the future (3) and something that must be — what is being referenced?
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cause of illness or the reason of every illness or pain
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For the Hopi AI, what is the cause of illness?
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Evil spirits
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If a Navajo AI patient says: (1) displeasing holy people, (2) annoying the elements and (3) disturbing plant life and animal life — what is being described?
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their view of illness
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if an AI patient mentions: (1)interrelationships between people, the earth, and the universe, (2)understands the ways of plants and animals, and (3) preforms special ceremonies
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these are the qualifications for a becoming a medicine men and women
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how does the medicine man determine the cause of an illness versus the modern physician?
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by focusing on the spiritual problem
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Herbs and spices are used by the AI as____.
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spiritual helpers for caring for the illness.
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For the Hopi AI, meditation and hers create a trance for_____.
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so one can have the vision of the evil that causes the illness
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what does it mean to the Navajo AI patient go if the diagnostic references (1) motion in the hand, (2) stargazing, and (3) listening?
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illness is minor and the patient will recover
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to diagnose the cause of disease, which Navajo AI divination method will be used by the women to diagnose the cause of illness?
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motion of the hand
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For the Navajo AI, the main effect of the singer and the singing is _____?
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Psychological and helping the patient to feel deeply cared for in a personal way
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to maintain harmony with nature and to cleanse the body and spirit, the AI practices what act?
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Act of purification
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why would an Oneida AI use witch hazel, comfrey, skunk oil, and dried raspberry leaves
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Medication remedies
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while observing an AI healing ceremony, what is the common characteristic which interferes with the negative work of the spirits and disease?
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Sounds
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if an AI patient reports having (1) heart disease, (2)cirrhosis of the liver, and/or (3) diabetes millitus--the health care provider recognizes these problems as ____.
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Leading causes of death
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abject poverty is associated with which disease?
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Tuberculosis & malnutrition
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an AI female patient mentions (1) domestic violence, (2) sexual abuse, and (3) battering of women. what disease will the health care provider ask questions about the interview?
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Cirrhosis of the liver. Alcohol Abuse
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does the Indian Health Services (IHS) provide services throughout the U.S.?
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Services are available to the AI living on reservations in the West
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the goal of IHS is ___?
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Comprehensive, culturally acceptable personal care to all AI
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what is the concern for the AI patient with the physician's diagnosis at a non-IHS facility?
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Conflict of perception of illness
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Health care provider should take into consideration____ when communicating with an AI patient.
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Nonverbal communication
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why would a health care provider remember what was being said to be recorded at a later date while interviewing an AI patient?
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Note-taking is taboo
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a hispanic patient living in the U.S. is from which country?
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Mexico
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Hispanic patients are most likely to reside in which regions of the U.S.?
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West ; South
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a patient from Mexico would most likely be described by which socio-demographic and demographic category based on the 2010 census? ____ is the process by which U.S citizens is granted to a foreign citizen or national after he or she fulfills the requirements established by Congress in the Immigration and the National Act (INA).
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Naturalized US citizenship
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Percentage of Hispanic population graduate from high school and college?
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62.9% ; 13.9%
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The 2010 census data found (1) most Hispanics seek employment in urban areas (2) few Hispanics have high-paying jobs (3) a small number of Hispanics are employed in clerical and profession areas and (4) a large number of Hispanics are unemployed. Which subcategory of Hispanic do these data describe?
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2010 Census Socioeconomic Data
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a patient from Mexico is most likely to reside in the _____ are of the U.S.
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Urban areas
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Four health beliefs of patients with a Mexican heritage:
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1.Good luck 2.Reward for good behavior 3.Gift from God 4.Protection via wearing religious medals
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Hispanic patients counteract illness caused by an imbalance by_____.
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Eat foods that are opposite of the imbalance
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For a hispanic patient, an imbalance is caused by _____.
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an illness (related to wrongdoing)
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Blood, yellow bile, phlegm, and black bile are body humors or fluids that relate to)_____.
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imbalance of a body humor/fluids
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Why might a patient refuse to eat meals in the hospital? It is important to understand which concept.
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Understanding which foods the patient considers hot and cold
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What has caused a patient from the Mexican culture to have a mal ojo or "bad eye" illness?
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Excessive admiration from someone else
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the following symptoms describe which disease: (1) restlessness when sleeping, (2) listlessness, (3) anorexia, and (4) lack of personal hygiene?
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Manifestations of susto
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Milagros articles are placed in a church as the patient is discharged from a hospital. why?
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Evidence of thanks for answered prayers
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the following characteristic relate to which concept for a Mexican heritage patient: (1)considering to be a religious figure, (2)was born as a healer, (3) taught the ways of healing through the herbs, and (4) received a calling through the dream.
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Characteristics of a curandero healer
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in the Mexican health care system, care provided to pregnant women in confined to _______.
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Practice of the partera
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herbs, penance, laying on of hands, and massage are used by whom for what?
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Items used by a Mexican healer
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upon the completion of a medication history with a patient from a Mexican culture, the nurse will research and access the use of which teas?
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Camomile, Spearmint, Orange leaves, ; Sweet basil
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according to the 2010 census, most people of Puerto Rican descent reside______.
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New York City
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Puerto Rican descents seek assistance from Santeria because of _______. What is Santeria? Where is Santeria practiced?
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Mental Illness
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a nurse realizes he/she most research and consult with a _____ because the medical history revealed the puerto Rican heritage patient purchases herbs, patents, Florida water, ointments and incense.
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Botanica
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"In spite of the fact that Spanish speaking people constitute one of the largest minority groups in this country, very few health care deliverers speak spanish" what is the significant of this statement?
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Impedes appropriate delivery of care
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Why does Spector use the words: "Percentage of live births to women receiving third-trimester prenatal care or no prenatal care?" What conclusion is supported by the Hispanic data when compared to data for the general U.S. population?
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Hispanic women have better self-care prenatal practices than the general population; Higher percentage of live births
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when comparing "percentage of the live births to teenage childbearing women under 18," the data reveal_____ when comparing the Hispanic population to the general U.S. population?
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Higher incidence of births to women under age 18
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When comparing hispanic women with the general US population on the incidence of lung cancer, you arrive at what conclusion
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Hispanic women are less likely to Smoke
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on "unintentional injuries, how do the Hispanic Americans compare to All persons?
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Unintentional injury ranks as the third highest cause of death for Hispanics in the United States compared to the general population
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Hispanic employment patterns and income levels result in ______.
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More likely to live in poverty than non- Hispanic whites
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TB, malnutrition and lead poisoning are common diseases of the ______.
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Hispanic patients
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Hispanic patients experience what barrier to receiving health care from Western health care professionals?
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Time is relative for Hispanics; therefore, conflicts occur regarding promptness for appointments
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Which action would address demographic disparity in health care for the hispanic population?
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Increase the number of Hispanics entering the health care professions
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an example of health protection activity for Iranian-American Moselm heritage patient.
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keep feet from getting wet in the rain
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