question

Body Awareness

answer

Proprioception, which is how the body senses the parts of itself.

question

Shape

answer

how the body can form different shapes

question

Balance

answer

balance in the body, how you body can balance on one foot

question

Quality

answer

concept of speed, contrast, force and relaxation

question

Space

answer

space with others

question

Exploring

answer

concept of moving over, under, around and through and leading with certain body parts.

question

Locomotor Skills

answer

are basic movement skills that are performed in different directions and at different speeds. Ex- walking running, jumping, galloping and sliding.

question

Nonlocomotor Skills

answer

passive movements performed while standing still. Ex-stretching, twisting, pushing

question

Object Manipulation Skills

answer

Complex motor patterns that are basic to specialized sports and performed with an object. Ex- throwing, catching, kicking, striking

question

Biomechanics

answer

contributes to the explanation and prediction of the mechanical characteristics of movement, exercise, play and sports.

question

Newton's first law

answer

when an object is in motion, it will remain in motion until there is an outside force that acts upon it.

question

Newtons second law

answer

the relationship between an objects mass, acceleration, and applied force.

question

Newtons third law

answer

if one object excerpts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force on the first object but in a different direction.

question

Gravity

answer

the point at which the mass of the body is equally distributed. During movement the body adjusts to maintain its stability.

question

Friction

answer

the resistance of motion of two moving objects. Ex-ball on grass moves slower than ball on asphalt.

question

Muscular strength

answer

amount of force exerted with muscles. Upper grades will require strength for certain sports

question

Endurance

answer

the ability to sustain physical effort for long periods of time.

question

Flexibility

answer

Helps student prevent injury, improve posture. Should be part of warm ups activities

question

Body Composition

answer

proportion of body fat to lean body mass.

question

Cardio respiratory (aerobic)

answer

most important component of fitness.

question

Target Heart Rate (THR)

answer

220 - age x 70 to 85%

question

Maximum Heart Rate

answer

220-age

question

FITT

answer

Frequency Intensity Time Type

question

Physical Education Framework for California Pubic schools must include (5)

answer

Establish a safe environment,Include class management, employ effective teaching behaviors, transfer leaning, encourage practice

question

Establish safe environment

answer

actual physical environment and psychological subjective environment. All activities should include students feel physically, emotionally and socially safe during instructional process.

question

Include class management

answer

provoiding the time and opportunity for learning to occur. It is planned

question

Employ Effective Teaching Behaviors

answer

refers to the decisions that teachers make regarding the use of time and their interaction with students.

question

Transfer Learning

answer

the learning of one skill can have a positive or negative effect on the learning of another skill.

question

Encourage Practice

answer

practice can be spaced over time or completed in one practice.

question

Classroom fitness activity (5)

answer

warm up, instructional components, physical activity, cool down, discussion and evaluation. All activities should be safe, enjoyable, inclusive, developmentally appropriate. k-3 activities should be noncompetitive, 4-9 activities should be related to sports.

question

Self Image

answer

Self responsibility, goal setting, social interaction, group interactions.

question

Self responsibility

answer

promoting responsibility for ones self, including self appraisal

question

Goal setting

answer

setting and acheiving realistic, personal fittness goals. Goals progressivly more toward more difficult levels.

question

Social interactions

answer

communication, cooperation, encouraging and praising others.

question

Group interactions

answer

sportsmanship, respecting rules, working together to form group decisions.

question

Human Development

answer

...

question

Piaget Four stages of Cognitive development

answer

Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, formLoperations

question

Conservation

answer

allows children to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change.

question

Assimilation

answer

the ways children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure

question

Accommodation

answer

children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience.

question

Stage 1:Sensorimotor period

answer

Birth to 2 yrs. Infants physical response to immediate surroundings.

question

Stage 2: Preoperational period

answer

2yrs to 7yrs. Egocentric, focuses on symbolic thought and imagination.

question

Stage 3: Concrete Operations period

answer

7 to 11 yrs. Mastery of conversation, child begins to think logically. Thinks about thinking,

question

Stage 4: Formal Operations period

answer

12 yrs to adult. Thinking based on abstract principles.

question

Animism

answer

children believing that non-living objects have lifelike qualities.

question

Casual Reasoning "Causality"

answer

children believe their thoughts can cause actions, whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship.

question

Centration

answer

child only focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others.

question

Egocentrism

answer

until about age five, young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses.

question

Equilibrium

answer

1)children begin in a state of balance 2)thought changes and conflict emerges 3) through the process of assimilation and accommodation a more sophisticated mode of thought surfaces

question

Irreversibility

answer

children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction. The orginal state can be recovered

question

Metacognition

answer

children think about their own thinking

question

Object performance

answer

Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible.

question

Schemas

answer

the way children mentally represent and organize the world. Action equals reaction.

question

Seriation

answer

childs ability to arrange objects in logical progression. Sticks largest to smallest

question

Symbolic Function Substage

answer

the child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without the objects being physically present.

question

Transitive Inference

answer

If A equals B and B equals C, then A and C are equal

question

Moral Development

answer

internalized set of subjective rules influencing the feelings, thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.

question

Piaget and Moral development

answer

he believes young children 4 to 7yrs see their moral world through the eyes of justice and rules which are unchangeable. As they get older they understand rules are made by people. MAny variables to what is right and wrong. 10yrs old when children view each dilemma and consider the consequences before making moral decision.(cooperation)

question

Kohlberg's Moral Development

answer

level 1) preconventional 4-10yrs, children obey because adults tell them to, fear of being punished for bad actions. 2) 10-13 yrs Conventional, most concerned with the opinions of peers. Want tp please and help others while developing their own idea of what it means to be a good person. 3) 13-adult, postconventioal, morality is judged by abstract principles and not by existing rules that govern society. ethical choices rise above the laws of society, individuals look within themselves.

question

Language Development

answer

instinctive mental ability that emerges as the brain develops and matures. Complex process that interfaces with every aspect of a child's development.

question

Infant LD Milestones 0-12 months

answer

cooing, babbling sounds phonemes begin with sounds more like patterned speech with consonant vowel strings da-da-da

question

Toddler

answer

1yr first words spoken mama or bye bye. 18-24mo, first two word sentences. can understand grammatical relationships but cannot express them. Uses the, a, on in, and but, am, are, is.

question

Early Childhood

answer

3-4yrs learns 8-9 words each day. vocabulary consist of 1,00 words. Can talk about things not present and uses plural and possessive. Child also starts private speech. 5-7yrs ask many why questions, can understand metaphors. at six vocaulary is 2,500 but speaks about 8,00 to 14,00 words. Speech is more adult like.

question

Intelligence

answer

individuals general mental abilities to reasoning, problem solving, knowledge, memory, and successful adaptation to the environment. Is also the collection of abilities that allow the child to learn, think and experience and adapt.

question

IQ

answer

is a score on an intellegence test. Different than intelligence.

question

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales Test

answer

Used for ages 2-85. most widely used. Measures patterns and levels of cognitive development, including verbal, nonverbal, quantitive and memory. Is useful to help identify childhood developmental disabilities

question

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

answer

Ages 6yrs-16. used to measure verbal and performance abilities, verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory and processing speed.

question

Classical Conditioning

answer

Pavlov and Watson- behavior is learned and based on repetition, association and anticipation.

question

Operant Conditioning

answer

Skinner- children learn from operating in the environment. When they operate in their environment their behavior response produces a consequence of either a reinforced reward or a punishment.

question

Personality

answer

uniques characteristic patterns of a persons thoughts, emotions and behavior.

question

Eriksons personality development

answer

he belives personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society during are related time periods. It is a lifelong process.

question

Stage 1

answer

Basic trust and mistrust 0-18 months. Attentive caregiver gives the infant a lifelong feeling of security and predictability.

question

Stage 2

answer

18mo -3 1/2 yrs. Autonomy v. shame and doubt. Children like to explore, test limits in order to gain a sense of independence. If they are punished to harshly they will feel shame and dislike themselves. Be reluctant to try new things.

question

Stage 3

answer

6-12yrs. Learning to work with others while developing skills and feeling a sense of achievement. If inferiority outweighs industry they will have low self esteem. May appear lazy and lack motivation.

question

Stage 4

answer

12-18yrs. identity v. role confusion

question

Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory

answer

children actively construct their knowledge through society . Language is an essential aspect of this development and that cognitive growth and language are socially based.

question

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

answer

the distance between a childs actual performance and a childs potential performance.

question

Scaffolding

answer

the temporary support system from a teacher to support the child until this task can be mastered alone.

question

Bandura's Social Learning theory

answer

emphasizes the value of learning through observation. Children imitate behavior through socialization by learning gender roles, self reinforcement, self efficacy and all other aspects of personality.

question

Secure Attachment

answer

infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment. children who are securely attached are comfortable with others and trustworthy

question

Anxious resistant Attachment

answer

infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves, and is upset when caregiver is gone. Children may feel skeptical about new things, can't trust others, angry and push away others.

question

Anxious Avoident Attachment

answer

infant readily separates from the parent and actively avoids the parent upon reunion. Children have difficulty trusting others, avoids playing with others and becomes anxiuos if too close to others

question

Disorganized-Disoriented Attachment

answer

infant shows insecurity and confused. Sometimes fearful when parent returns. Fearful about new situations.

question

Temperament

answer

is collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a childs approach to the world. It is based on the childs mood, environment, activity and threshold for reacting to stimulation.

question

Play

answer

is a social activity children engage in just for its own sake, is critical to cognitive advancement in children. It can help children release physical energy, gain mastery over their bodies, acquire new motor skills, form better relationships with peers.

CSET Multiple Subject Subtest 3 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards