question

When using a ____ diagram to investigate causes of a problem, an analyst first states the problem and then draws a main bone with sub-bones that represent possible causes of the problem.

answer

fishbone

question

A(n) __________ refers to a characteristic or feature that must be included in an information system in order to be acceptable to users. [Blank1]

answer

system requirement

question

Projects with very general scope definitions are at risk of expanding gradually, without specific authorization, in a process called project ____.

answer

creep

question

Determining the project ____ means to define the boundaries, or extent, of a project — being as specific as possible.

answer

scope

question

In a typical company organizational model, top managers ____.

answer

develop long-range plans, called strategic plans, which define the company's overall mission and goals

question

If nervousness is a problem when facing an audience, keep all of the following suggestions in mind EXCEPT _____.

answer

use meaningless filler words and phrases

question

When setting priorities for systems requests, the highest priority goes to projects that provide the ____.

answer

greatest benefit, at the lowest cost, in the shortest period of time

question

____ allows objects to be used as modular components anywhere in the system.

answer

Encapsulation

question

____ is a widely used method of visualizing and documenting an information system.

answer

UML

question

In the RAD model in the accompanying figure, the ____________________ phase focuses on program and application development tasks similar to the SDLC. [Blank1]

answer

construction

question

In an object-oriented system, objects can ____ certain attributes from other objects.

answer

inherit

question

A(n) _________________________ describes a company for its stakeholders and briefly states the company's overall purpose, products, services, and values. [Blank1]

answer

mission statement

question

When preparing written documents, keep in mind all of the following suggestions EXCEPT _____.

answer

impress your audience with the size of your vocabulary

question

A data ____ is a central storehouse of information about a system's data.

answer

repository

question

The last step in systems design is to create a __________ and present your results to management.

answer

systems design specification

question

____ is the measure of a system's ability to expand, change, or downsize easily to meet the changing needs of a business enterprise.

answer

Scalability

question

In a(n) ____________________ client/server design, as illustrated in the accompanying figure, the user interface runs on the client and the data is stored on the server, just as with a two-tier design. [Blank1]

answer

three-tier

question

Most date formats now are based on the model established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which requires a format of ____.

answer

four digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (YYYYMMDD)

question

After a system is operational, it is not important to monitor system usage or solicit user suggestions.

answer

False

question

Of the measures of feasibility in the accompanying figure, issues that relate to ____ include "Has management established a firm timetable for the project?" and "Will a project manager be appointed?"

answer

schedule feasibility

question

In the accompanying figure showing factors that affect IT systems projects, a company's _________________________ sets the overall direction for the firm and has an important impact. [Blank1]

answer

strategic plan

question

Typically, companies choose in-house software development for all of the following reasons except to ____.

answer

obtain input from other companies who already have implemented the software

question

A major advantage of O-O designs is that systems analysts can save time and avoid errors by using ____ objects.

answer

modular

question

System developers will sometimes choose simpler, low-tech methods and techniques as modeling tools.

answer

True

question

In a DFD, the Gane and Sarson symbol for a data store is a ____.

answer

flat rectangle that is open on the right side and closed on the left side

question

Internet-based commerce is called _________________________ and includes two main sectors: B2C (business-to-consumer) and B2B (business-to-business). [Blank1]

answer

e-commerce

question

Many project managers find ____ charts more helpful for scheduling, monitoring, and controlling projects.

answer

. PERT/CPM

question

If a system must be operational seven days a week, 365 days a year, this is an example of which of the following system requirements?

answer

performance

question

The accompanying figure shows task ____, which each might represent several activities that can be shown in a more detailed chart.

answer

groups

question

A business profile is a graphical representation of one or more business processes that a company performs.

answer

False

question

All system files and databases must be backed up regularly and a series of ____________________ copies must be retained for a specific period of time. [Blank1]

answer

backup

question

Typically, a DBMS is managed by a person called a(n) ____________________, who assesses overall requirements and maintains the database for the benefit of an entire organization rather than a single department or user. [Blank1]

answer

DBA

question

A(n) __________ is an overview that describes a company's overall functions, processes, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction.

answer

business profile

question

Project scheduling involves all of the following EXCEPT ____.

answer

defining project constraints

question

In a(n) ____________________ client/server design, as illustrated in the accompanying figure, the user interface resides on the client, all data resides on the server, and the application logic can run either on the server, on the client, or be divided between the client and server. [Blank1]

answer

two-tier

question

Which of the following is the first major activity in the systems analysis phase?

answer

requirements modeling

question

In an entity-relationship diagram, entities are represented as ____.

answer

rectangles

question

All of the following are categories of system requirements EXCEPT ____.

answer

dynamics

question

The ____ method of developing systems is well-suited to project management tools and techniques.

answer

structured analysis

question

During data design, the data dictionary is transformed into a physical __________. [Blank1]

answer

data repository

question

A ____ path includes all tasks that are vital to the project schedule.

answer

critical

question

In a DFD, the Gane and Sarson symbol for an entity is a ____.

answer

rectangle, which may be shaded to make it look three-dimensional

question

All of the following are metrics of a successful project EXCEPT ____.

answer

completion with the same personnel as were on the team at the outset

question

Which of the following technical support functions serves as a clearinghouse for user problems and solutions?

answer

user support

question

Which of the following is true about B2C?

answer

online to last-minute travelers.

question

____________________ can involve dependent tasks, multiple successor tasks, and multiple predecessor tasks. [Blank1]

answer

Task patterns

question

A ____ is an event that could affect a project negatively.

answer

risk

question

Growth in open-source software such as __________ has increased demand for powerful open-source development tools.

answer

Linux

question

Project managers always must be aware of the ____ path, so they can monitor the vital tasks and keep the project on track.

answer

critical

question

A class can belong to a more general category called a(n) ____.

answer

superclass

question

When two or more concurrent tasks depend on a single prior task, the concurrent tasks are called ____ tasks.

answer

successor

question

PERT/CPM is called a(n) ____ technique, because it analyzes a large, complex project as a series of individual tasks.

answer

bottom-up

question

When planning an information system, a company must consider how a new system will interface with older systems, which are called ____.

answer

. legacy systems

question

When determining economic feasibility, a systems analyst must consider a project's benefits compared to the project's ____________________, which includes ongoing support and maintenance costs, as well as acquisition costs. [Blank1]

answer

TCO

question

____ software controls the flow of data, provides data security, and manages network operations.

answer

System

question

When a systems request form is received, a systems analyst or IT manager examines it to determine what IT resources (including ____) are required for the preliminary investigation.

answer

either a or b

question

The concept that a message gives different meanings to different objects is called ____.

answer

polymorphism

question

A popular technique for investigating causes and effects is called a(n) ____ diagram, which is an analysis tool that represents the possible causes of a problem as a graphical outline.

answer

fishbone

question

To help perform present value analysis, adjustment factors for various interest rates and numbers of years are calculated and printed in tables called ____________________. [Blank1]

answer

present value tables

question

Because source documents should be stored in a safe location for some specified period of time, a company should have a(n) ____________________ that meets all legal requirements and business needs. [Blank1]

answer

ecords retention policy

question

Microsoft's ____ is one of the major Web-based development environments.

answer

NET

question

____________________ is a percentage rate that measures profitability by comparing the total net benefits (the return) received from a project to the total costs (the investment) of the project. [Blank1]

answer

ROI

question

A(n) ____ chart displays complex task patterns and relationships.

answer

PERT/CPM

question

The newest category of company is the _________________________ whose primary business depends on the Internet rather than a traditional business channel. [Blank1]

answer

.com company

question

Many companies offer incentives for online transactions because Web-based processing costs are lower than the costs of traditional methods.

answer

True

question

A(n) __________ is a person, place, thing, or event for which data is collected and maintained. [Blank1]

answer

entity

question

The data dictionary usually records and describes a default value, which is the ____.

answer

value for the data element if a value otherwise is not entered for it

question

Another term for business logic is business ____________________. [Blank1]

answer

rules

question

The ____ phase of the SDLC includes four main activities: requirements modeling, data and process modeling, object modeling, and consideration of development strategies.

answer

systems analysis

question

In a use case diagram, the user becomes a(n) __________, with a specific role that describes his or her interaction with the information system. [Blank1]

answer

actor

question

A feasibility study includes tests for ____ feasibility, which means that the projected benefits of the proposed system outweigh the estimated costs.

answer

economic

question

__________ refers to the practice of storing backup media away from the main business location, in order to mitigate the risk of a catastrophic disaster. [Blank1]

answer

Offsite

question

Typically, a higher-level module, called a(n) __________, directs lower-level modules, called subordinate modules.

answer

control module

question

__________ is the process of reviewing the program code to spot logic errors, which produce incorrect results. [Blank1]

answer

Desk checking

question

A(n) __________ is the main line of defense between a local network and the Internet. [Blank1]

answer

firewall

question

A _______________ consists of detailed procedures that specify how and when the testing will be performed, who will participate, and what test data will be used. [Blank1]

answer

test plan

question

__________ analysis allows you to vary one or more elements in a model in order to measure the effect on other elements. [Blank1]

answer

What-if

question

A comprehensive test plan should include __________ for every possible situation the program could encounter. [Blank1]

answer

scenarios

question

A system becomes __________ when users no longer require its functions or when the platform becomes outmoded. [Blank1]

answer

obsolete

question

Of all performance measurements, users complain the most about __________.

answer

response time

question

An _______________ can make it easier to program interactive software products by providing built-in tools and advanced features, such as real-time error detection, syntax hints, highlighted code, class browsers, and version control. [Blank1]

answer

IDE

question

A(n) __________ consists of related program code organized into small units that are easy to understand and maintain. [Blank1]

answer

module

question

Organizations sometimes establish a __________, which is a separate IT location, that can support critical business systems in the event of a catastrophic disaster.

answer

hot site

question

_______________ should contain both correct data and erroneous data and should test all possible situations that could occur. [Blank1]

answer

Test data

question

The _____________ approach causes the changeover from the old system to the new system to occur immediatley when the new system becomes operational. This changeover approach is usually the least expensive, but it does involve higher risk than other changeover approaches. [Blank1]

answer

direct cutover

question

A comprehensive test plan should include __________ for every possible situation the program could encounter. [Blank1]

answer

scenarios

question

A system becomes __________ when users no longer require its functions or when the platform becomes outmoded. [Blank1]

answer

obsolete

question

Of all performance measurements, users complain the most about __________.

answer

response time

question

An _______________ can make it easier to program interactive software products by providing built-in tools and advanced features, such as real-time error detection, syntax hints, highlighted code, class browsers, and version control. [Blank1]

answer

IDE

question

A(n) __________ consists of related program code organized into small units that are easy to understand and maintain. [Blank1]

answer

module

question

A comprehensive test plan should include __________ for every possible situation the program could encounter. [Blank1]

answer

scenarios

question

Because source documents should be stored in a safe location for some specified period of time, a company should have a(n) ____________________ that meets all legal requirements and business needs. [Blank1]

answer

ecords retention policy

question

____ software controls the flow of data, provides data security, and manages network operations.

answer

System

question

When planning an information system, a company must consider how a new system will interface with older systems, which are called ____.

answer

legacy

question

All system files and databases must be backed up regularly and a series of ____________________ copies must be retained for a specific period of time. [Blank1]

answer

backup

question

Typically, companies choose in-house software development for all of the following reasons except to ____.

answer

obtain input from other companies who already have implemented the software

question

A major advantage of O-O designs is that systems analysts can save time and avoid errors by using ____ objects.

answer

modular

question

System developers will sometimes choose simpler, low-tech methods and techniques as modeling tools.

answer

True

question

Typically, companies choose in-house software development for all of the following reasons except to ____.

answer

Correcta. obtain input from other companies who already have implemented the software

question

A feasibility study includes tests for ____ feasibility, which refers to the practical resources needed to develop, purchase, install, or operate the system.

answer

technical

question

Your final report to management should include final versions of all system __________. [Blank1]

answer

documentation

question

_______________ is a software development process that stresses solid design, acccurate documentation, and careful testing. [Blank1]

answer

software engineering

question

A module that performs a single function or task has a high degree of __________, which is desirable. [Blank1

answer

cohesion

question

Guidelines to follow when determining data entry and storage considerations include all of the following except ____.

answer

data duplication should be encouraged

question

A(n) ____________________, which is required at the end of the preliminary investigation and again at the conclusion of the systems analysis phase, might have to be given more than once in some situations. [Blank1]

answer

oral presentation

question

The ____________________ is the time that a task is scheduled to begin. [Blank1]

answer

start

question

Strategic planning focuses mostly on day-to-day activities, with little regard for the future of the company.

answer

False

question

A(n) ____________________ is a review of a project team member's work by other members of the team. [Blank1]

answer

structured walk-through

question

The IT team must be prepared to understand and help plan a firm's long-term strategic goals.

answer

True

question

Projects where management has a choice in implementing them are called ____ projects.

answer

discretionary

question

A(n) ____ is a user interface that allows users to interact with graphical objects and pointing devices.

answer

GUI

question

In a data dictionary, ____ refers to whether the data element contains numeric, alphabetic, or character values.

answer

type

question

In addition to configuring software, an IT staff can create a user ____, which includes screens, commands, controls, and features that enable users to interact more effectively with the application.

answer

interface

question

Companies that develop software for sale are called __________. [Blank1]

answer

software vendors

question

The ____ method of developing systems stresses team interaction and reflects a set of community-based values.

answer

adaptive

question

Prototyping produces an early, rapidly constructed working version of a proposed information system, called a(n) ____________________. [Blank1]

answer

prototype

question

When companies use a ____, they already know the specific products or service they want and need to obtain price quotations or bids from vendors.

answer

RFQ

question

A three-tier design includes a middle layer between the client and server that processes the client requests and translates them into data access commands that can be understood and carried out by the server.

answer

true

question

in data and process modeling, a(n) ____ model shows what the system must do, regardless of how it will be implemented physically.

answer

logical

question

Wal-Mart's inventory control system is an example of which of the following types of information systems?

answer

enterprise computing

question

The first step in the creation of a PERT/CPM chart is to ____.

answer

identify all the project tasks

question

The term _________________________ refers to the reasons, or justification, for a systems development proposal. [Blank1]

answer

business case

question

The chart in the accompanying figure represents a bottom-up technique, because it analyzes a large, complex project as a series of individual tasks, called ____________________. [Blank1]

answer

project tasks

question

in online processing systems, data is collected and processed in groups.

answer

False

question

_________________________ programs run on a company intranet and enable users to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams. [Blank1]

answer

Groupware

question

__________ is an online input method that combines online data entry and automated data capture using input devices such as RFID tags or magnetic data strips. [Blank1]

answer

Source data automation

question

Objects can have a specific attribute called a(n) ____, which describes the object's current status.

answer

state

question

____ methods include the latest trends in software development.

answer

Agile/Adaptive

question

Modern programming languages, such as Visual Basic and Java, are called non-procedural, or event-driven, languages because instead of writing a series of sequential instructions, a programmer defines the actions that the program must perform when certain events occur.

answer

True

question

____ is an example of a discretionary project.

answer

Creating a new report for a user

question

The systems requirement document is also called the __________. [Blank1]

answer

software requirements specification

question

Three main types of relationships that can exist between entities are a one-to-one relationship, abbreviated 1:1; a one-to-many relationship, abbreviated 1:M; and a many-to-many relationship, abbreviated M:N.

answer

True

question

During business hours, a salesperson can enter a sale on a ____ terminal, which is part of an information system that handles daily sales transactions and maintains the online inventory file.

answer

POS

question

In a typical company, ____________________ might include calculating sales trends, filing online insurance claims, ordering inventory from a supplier's system, or verifying e-mail addresses for Web customers. [Blank1]

answer

processes

question

The ____ of an object is an adjective that describes the object's current status.

answer

state

question

ROI is calculated with the formula _____.

answer

ROI = (total benefits - total costs) / total costs

question

A systems request form should not ____.

answer

have complex instructions

question

to know _____, ask the question, "Is this communication necessary, and what specific results am I seeking?"

answer

WHY you are communicating

question

In a report, the recommendations section is used to _____.

answer

present the best system alternative, with a brief explanation

question

In the OSI (open system interconnection) model, the application layer ____.

answer

provides network services requested by a local workstation

question

In a data dictionary, a(n) ____ is the smallest piece of data that has meaning within an information system.

answer

field

question

When determining outsourcing fees, a ____ uses a set fee based on a specified level of service and user support.

answer

fixed fee model

question

In the accompanying figure showing the components of an information system, the people, called _________________________, interact with an information system, both inside and outside the company. [Blank1]

answer

users

question

With a computer and a projection system, ____________________, such as Microsoft PowerPoint, can be used to create slides with sounds, animation, and graphics. [Blank1]

answer

presentation software

question

The concept that the quality of the output is only as good as the quality of the input, which sometimes is known as ____, is familiar to IT professionals, who recognize that the best time to avoid problems is when data is entered.

answer

GIGO

question

Microsoft has developed a method for measuring a system's total costs and benefits, called ____, which is a framework to help IT professionals analyze and optimize IT investments.

answer

REJ

question

A ____ is a text document written in HTML.

answer

Web page

question

Many IT professionals use the term Web 2.0 to describe a __________ of the World Wide Web that will enable people to collaborate, interact, and share information much more dynamically.

answer

second generation

question

Initial screen designs can be presented to users in the form of a(n) ____, which is a sketch that shows the general screen layout and design.

answer

storyboard

question

Traditional companies sometimes are called _________________________ companies because they conduct business primarily from physical locations. [Blank1]

answer

brick-and-mortar

cpt 264 Final Practice – Flashcards

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