Cough, Cold, Allergy Medicine – Flashcards

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Antitussives
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Central (block in brain) - Dextromethophan (DM) - Codeine - Hydrocodone Peripheral (block local nerve endings) - Menthol (vicks) -Benzonatate (tessalon perles) Ind: cough Contra: concurrent MAOI use SE: drowsiness, nausea, dizziness, sedation, constipation *High doses of DM can produce PCP effect
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Expectorants
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Guaifenesin (Duratuss, robitussin) Ind: loosen mucous by increasing fluid Contra: none SE: nausea, drowsiness, vomiting
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Decongestants
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Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE, dimetapp), Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) Ind: nasal congestion Contra: use w/ MAOI leading to hypertensive crisis SE: agitation, anziety, insomnia, rebound nasal congestion (Rhinitis mediamentossa), increased BP, urinary retention, dry mouth, sweating
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H1 antagonist
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1st gen -Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Chlorpheniarame (Chlortrimetan), Hydroxzyine (atcrax), Cyproheptadine (Periactin) 2nd gen - Loratidine (claritin), Cetirizine (zyrtec), Fexofenadine (allegra) Ind: allergic rhinitis, urticaria, cold, nausea (1st gen) Contra: none SE: drowsiness * not used for anaphyaxis
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Mast Cell Stabilizers
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Cromolyn sodium (Nasal Crom) Ind: asthma, rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis Contra: none SE: cough (throat irritation), nasal irritation *topical
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LTRAs
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Montelukast (singular) Ind: prevention of persistent asthma (not 1st line), exercise induced bronchospasm, allergic rhinitis Contra: acute liver disease
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Intranasal Steriods
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Fluticasone (flonase/veramyst), Mometasone (nasonex) Ind: allergic rhinitis, nasal congestion Contra: hypersensitivity
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