corona – Flashcard
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63-year-old patient with an acute myocardial infarction is on a cardiac monitor and begins to show some dysrhythmias. The physician will probably prescribe which intravenous medication? - Lidocaine
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Modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) include which group? - High cholesterol, obesity
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A patient has right-sided heart failure. She will probably be comfortable in which position? - Dorsal recumbent
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The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of Ineffective tissue perfusion related to decreased arterial blood flow for a patient with chronic arterial insufficiency. In evaluating the patient outcomes after patient teaching, which statement by the patient does the nurse recognize as indicating a need for further instruction? - "I will drink hot coffee several times a day to increase the circulation and warmth in my feet."
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A patient admitted from the emergency room with a diagnosis of heart failure and a NYHA classification of IV is requesting ambulation to the bathroom. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for this patient? - Offer a urinal or bedpan.
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A patient is admitted from the emergency department. The emergency department physician notes the patient has a diagnosis of heart failure with a New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification of IV. This indicates the patient's condition as - severe heart failure.
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A patient, age 59, has Buerger's disease. The most important aspect of patient compliance in order to decrease signs and symptoms of Buerger's disease is - not smoking.
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A patient admitted from the emergency department with a diagnosis of heart failure and a NYHA classification of IV has edema in his lower extremities of +4. Which nursing intervention would aid in decreasing this edema - Elevate lower extremities.
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An old term defined as the condition in which the patient suffers peripheral or pulmonary congestion is called - congestive heart failure.
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A patient has heart failure. His physician's orders include complete bed rest. The nurse knows that this order means he - must remain as quiet as possible, with any task requiring physical effort done for him.
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A 53-year-old patient with a history of dysrhythmias is to wear a Holter monitor. The nurse should explain that Holter monitoring - is a portable electrocardiographic device.
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A patient, age 34, is diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of Activity intolerance related to generalized weakness for him. Which intervention does the nurse plan while he is febrile? - Decreased activity
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The patient achieves comfort in breathing only when he assumes a sitting posture. During the charting of this position, the nurse can describe this as - orthopnea.
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After an influenza-like illness, the patient complains of chills and small petechiae in his mouth and his legs. A heart murmur is detectable. These are characteristic signs of - infective endocarditis.
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A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of possible aortic aneurysm. In assessing her, it is most important to monitor her - blood pressure.
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What is defined as a distended dilated segment of an artery? - Aneurysm
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The patient has been hospitalized for congestive heart failure (CHF) three times in the last 4 months. While preparing the discharge teaching plan, the nurse assesses that he does not comply with his medication regimen. The nurse's immediate course of action would be to - collect more information to identify his reasons for noncompliance.
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A patient, age 65, has chronic angina pectoris. Her daughter had questions about the proper use of nitroglycerin for pain management. She was unsure about how many times she should take nitroglycerin for an episode of angina. The best reply the nurse could make is - "If the pain is not relieved after three doses of nitroglycerin at 5-minute intervals, call your physician and come to the hospital."
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A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension tells the nurse he uses a lot of salt on his foods and has not been able to lose the 30 pounds that he has gained in the last 10 years. He does not understand why he has hypertension, since he is not an anxious person. Which nursing diagnosis does the nurse identify for this patient? - Ineffective health maintenance related to the lack of knowledge of disease process and management
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Dependent edema of the extremities, enlargement of the liver, oliguria, jugular vein distention, and abdominal distention are signs and symptoms of - right-sided heart failure.
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A 56-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency department with a myocardial infarction. Cardiac enzymes were drawn. In a patient with a myocardial infarction, which laboratory values would be abnormal? - Elevated levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (AST), creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), troponin 1
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A patient, age 72, was admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of angina pectoris. Characteristic signs and symptoms of angina pectoris include - substernal pain that radiates down the left arm.
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Restlessness, diaphoresis, severe dyspnea, tachypnea, hemoptysis, audible wheezing, and crackles are signs and symptoms of - pulmonary edema.
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. The patient, age 26, is hospitalized with cardiomyopathy. While obtaining a nursing history from her, the nurse recognizes that the increased incidence of cardiomyopathy in young adults who have minimal risk factors for cardiovascular disease is related to - cocaine use.
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A patient has a diagnosis of heart failure. When the nurse walks into his room he is leaning over his bedside table and is short of breath. The medical term to describe his respiratory status is - orthopnea.
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The nurse identifies the problem of a potential complication—pulmonary edema—for a patient in acute congestive heart failure (CHF). For which early symptom of this problem does the nurse assess? - Pink, frothy sputum
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When providing discharge teaching to a patient with endocarditis regarding prevention of infections, what would the nurse stress? - Take antibiotics as prescribed.
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During the nursing history and physical assessment of a patient with left-sided heart failure, which finding might the nurse expect related to the patient's diagnosis? -Orthopnea with bubbling crackles throughout the lung
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In evaluating pain for the management of myocardial infarction, the most important aspect using objective data is - patient's vital signs during painful periods.
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A patient has been admitted after the insertion of a pacemaker because of bradycardia. She asks what third-degree heart block is, and the nurse replies - "A defect in AV junctions slows and impairs conduction of impulses from the SA node to the ventricles."
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A type of medication useful for preventing venous thrombus is - low-molecular-weight heparin.
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A patient with angina pectoris is being discharged with nitroglycerin tablets. Which of the instructions does the nurse include in the teaching? - "When your chest pain begins, lie down and place one tablet under your tongue. If the pain continues, take another tablet in 5 minutes."
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A patient has a diagnosis of heart failure. When the nurse walks into his room, he is orthopneic. The patient is - sitting or standing in order to breathe deeply and comfortably.
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A thrombectomy is done to - prevent the flow of emboli to the lungs.
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There is a strong relationship between Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) and - Smoking
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Which nursing intervention reduces myocardial oxygen demand? - Elevating the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees
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Edema and pulmonary congestion are treated with: - Diuretics, restriction of sodium diet and fluid intake
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In older adults, rapid infusion of fluids can lead to - Heart failure
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Which would be included in teaching for patients with Raynaud's disease? - Use mittens in cold weather - Practice stress-reducing techniques - Complete smoking cessation - Use caution when cleaning the refrigerator or freezer
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Modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease include: (Select all that apply.) - weight. - diet. - exercise.
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Which statements are true? - Anticoagulant therapy is used for DVT prevention. - Anticoagulant therapy prevents development of new clots, embolization, and clot extension. - Pulmonary embolus is a life-threatening complication requiring treatment with anticoagulant therapy.
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Which information should be taught to patients starting on anticoagulant therapy? - Take medication at the same time each day. - Report to physician cuts that do not stop bleeding with direct pressure.
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The functions of the cardiovascular system are to: (Select all that apply.) - deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells. - remove carbon dioxide and waste products from the cells.
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Which patient teaching would help to prevent venous stasis? - Avoid crossing legs at the knee. - Elevate legs when lying in bed or sitting. - Wear elastic stockings when ambulating.
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When assessing a patient with a myocardial infarction (MI), which is objective data? (Select all that apply.) - Hypertension - Vomiting - Diaphoresis - Cardiac rhythm changes
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Three kinds of blood vessels are organized for carrying blood to and from the heart: (Select all that apply.) - Veins - Arteries - Capillaries
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Serum cardiac markers are proteins that indicate cardiac muscle damage after a myocardial infarction.
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Which are signs of digoxin (Lanoxin) toxicity? a. Nausea b. Bradycardia c. Headache d. Visual disturbance
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An aneurysm is an enlarged, dilated portion of an artery and may be the result of arteriosclerosis, trauma, or a congenital defect.
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B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a neurohormone which is secreted by the heart in response to an expanded left ventricle
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What is the most critical approach to the treatment of metabolic syndrome? - Lifestyle management
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A patient with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 would be considered to be in which weight category? - Overweight
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Which instruction by the nurse is accurate to include in a patient's care to manage metabolic syndrome? - Reduce stress.
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Which is the mechanism of action demonstrated by exercise in managing blood glucose levels? - Increased muscle mass and less fat tends to normalize blood glucose levels because glucose is used by muscle cells when exercising.
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In addition to type 2 diabetes and heart disease, which conditions are associated with metabolic syndrome? - -- - Dementia - Renal disease - Obstructive sleep apnea - Polycystic ovary syndrome
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What lifestyle choices may aggravate metabolic syndrome? - Excessive tobacco smoking - Excessive consumption of alcohol
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Which cardiovascular conditions are related to coronary artery diseases? - Angina pectoris - Acute myocardial infarction
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Drug therapy for initial treatment of metabolic syndrome is targeted at controlling which conditions? - Diabetes mellitus - Hypertension - Dyslipidemia
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Blood that is pumped out of the left ventricle contain - A full supply of oxygen
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Metabolic syndrome includes which key characteristics? A. Hyperglycemia B. Abdominal obesity C. Low high-density lipoproteins D. Hypertension
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The inner lining of the heart is: - Endocardium
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The heart contract in the following patterns - Both atria and both ventricle
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the normal period heart dilates the cavities fill with blood, roughly the period of relaxation is called: - Diastole
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Valve flaps prevent the backflow of blood from pulmonary artery in to the - right ventricle
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Patients receiving Heparin therapy nurse should: - observe emesis,urine,and stool for blood
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The right atrium receives blood from: - superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
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A 10 years old patient with rheumatic fever a permanent complication is: - Carditis
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A 75 years old patient with heart failure and increased abdominal girth, body weight,pitting edema: - Fluid retention
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A 86 years old patient on electronic infusion pump. Vitally important monitore IV on older patient for: - May get fluid overload of circulatory system
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A 67 years old patient with hypertension been dismissed from hospital [ teaching ] - education in continuing taking antihypertensive medication as prescribed
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A 62 years old patient with angina pectoris. to decrease the pain patient should: - take nitroglycerin sublingual prophylactically before exercise.
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A 34 years old patient with history of iv drugs with acute infective endocarditis, nursing intervention - restricted activities for several weeks
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A 75 years old patient with heart failure and diagnostic of activities intolerance related to fatigue and dyspnea. the nursing intervention is: - plan frequent rest periods
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Patients with peripheral arterial disorder PAD [teaching] The importance to avoid exposure to cold and chilling
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Dependant edema of the extremities, enlarged liver, oliguria jugular distention abdominal disten: - right side heart failure
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Patient recovering from myocardial infarction at discharge must be instructed : - begin a cardiac rehabilitation program
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Nursing intervention for patient after remote telemetry: - never remove telemetry and allow patient to shower unless physician has written and order to allow it.
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primary function of the patient teaching after myocardial infarction: - Assisting patient of develop a healthy-lifestyle
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Modifiable risk factors of coronary artery disease CAD: - high cholesterol and obesity
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Cardiogenic shock signs and symptoms: - decreased blood pressure and weak, rapid pulse
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The normal range for above the blood marker is: - 0 to 100 pg/ml
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The neurohormone released from the left ventricle in response to volume expansion pressure overload that has emerged as a blood marker to identify patient with MI : - troponin 1
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Beta blocker medication specifically to prevent heart failure HF is: - carvedilol [coreg] - long acting metoprolol [toprol x-l]
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Troponin 1 : is a myocardial muscle protein released into circulation after MI
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Electrocardiogram finding during Myocardial infarction: - are less like to show ST- segment elevation in women than men
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Most useful noninvasive diagnostic to evaluate heart failure HF is: - echocardiogram
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A 63 years old patient with buerger's disease: - cessation of tobacco use
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Nursing diagnostic of decreased cardiac output related to myocardial contractility in patient with MI, nursing intervention includ: - Assess and report decrease BP and dysrhythmias - Assess oliguria - Administer oxygen therapy as ordered
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Invasive procedure with catheter from femoral or brachial artery is placed in coronary artery and a balloon is inflated against the narrowing wall to reduce arterial constriction is: - PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
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Heart failure HF usually treat with: - cardiotonic drugs [digitalis] - diuretic agents - ACE inhibitor beta-adrenergic blockers [carvedilol],nitrates
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A 74 years old patient with heart failure HF gain 12 pound 8 pounds is: 3.6 -4 L of fluid retention
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Thrombolytic agent as streptokinase and tissue plasminogen used to dissolve blood clots most effective in patient with myocardial infarction MI is: - in the first 30 minutes to 1 hour
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Venous stasis ulcer using Unna's paste boot: - Hardens into a boot left for 1 to 2 weeks - Is moist,impregnated gauze wrapped around the foot - protect ulcer to provides constant and support in area
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patient admitted with possible aortic abdominal aneurysm, possible complication important to monitor - blood pressure
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A patient is admitted with a heart failure HF and chronic atrial fibrillation, to prevent thrombus formation: - An anticoagulant therapy
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A 58 years old patient with Raynaud's disease: - avoid cold - practice stress reduction techniques - complain with smoking cessation
