Computer Concepts Final Review – Flashcards
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Computer literacy, also known as digital literacy, involves having a current knowledge and understanding of _____.
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computers and their uses
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_____ is/are a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
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Data
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A _____ is a specific type of social networking web site that allows users to create an online photo album and store and share their digital photos.
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photo sharing community
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A _____ is recorded audio stored on a web site that can be downloaded to a computer or portable media player.
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Podcast
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_____ consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
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system software
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A(n) _____ message is a real-time internet communication, where you exchange messages with other connected users.
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Instant
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Many large companies use the word(s), _____ to refer to the huge network of computers that meets their diverse computing needs.
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enterprise computing
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____ is a system that attempts to initiate the behavior of the human brain.
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a neutral network
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_____ offers high-speed internet connections to devices with built-in compatible technology or computers with wireless modems.
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A cellular radio network
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As with an IP address, the components of a domain name are separated by _____.
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Periods
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_____ combines text-based links with graphics, audio, and video links.
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Hypermedia
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All of the following techniques can be used to improve web searches except _____.
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put the most important terms last
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A _____ is a website that allows users to post short text updates, usually between 100 and 200 characters.
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Microblog
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A(n) _____ is a small version of a larger graphic.
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Thumbnail
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_____ is the process of transferring documents, graphics, and other objects from your computer to a server on the internet.
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Uploading
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_____ is the code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the internet.
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Netiquette
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_____ is mass-produced, copyrighted retail software that meets the needs of a wide variety of users, not just a single user or company.
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packaged software
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_____ is a collection of individual programs available together as a unit.
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a software suite
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_____ allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project.
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project management software
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_____ software provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user.
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document management
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_____ helps home and small business users create newsletters, brochures, advertisements, postcards, greeting cards, letterhead, business cards, banners, calendars, logos, and web pages.
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personal DTP software
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With _____, you can view, organize, sort, catalog, print, and share digital photos.
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photo management software
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A(n) _____ is an online area where users have written discussions.
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newsgroup/message board
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_____ is the electronic equivalent of a user manual.
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online help
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The processor also is called the _____.
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central processing unit (CPU)
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The _____ is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
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control unit
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A processor contains small, high-speed storage locations, called _____, that temporarily hold data and instructions.
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Registers
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Supercomputers use _____ for applications such as artificial intelligence and weather forecasting.
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massive parallel processing
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ROM chips, called _____, contain permanently written data, instructions, or information.
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Firmware
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A(n) _____ is an external device that provides connections to peripherals through ports built into the device.
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port replicator
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A(n) _____, which is an external device that attaches to a mobile computer or device, contains a power connection and provides connection to peripherals; it usually also includes slots for memory cards, optical disc drives, and other devices.
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docking station
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A(n) _____ is a part of the mother-board and connects the processor to main memory.
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front side bus
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A(n) _____ has a design that reduces the change of wrist and hang injuries.
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ergonomic keyboard
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Some phones use _____, where you press one key on the keypad for each letter in a word and software on the phone predicts the word you want.
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predictive text input
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Touch screens that recognize multiple points of contact at the same time are known as _____.
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multi-touch
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Architects, mapmakers, designers, artists, and home users create drawings and sketches on a _____.
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graphics tablet
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_____ is the computer's capability of distinguishing spoken words.
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voice recognition
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_____ allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds.
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music production software
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RFID is a technology that uses _____ to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person.
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radio signals
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With _____, the computer will detect human motions.
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gesture recognition
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Examples of output that primarily contain text-based documents are _____.
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letters, reports, and e-mail messages
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_____ uses organic molecules that produce an even brighter, easier-to-read display than standard TFT displays.
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OLED
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The _____ is an alternative to DVI that also supports HDMI.
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display port
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A CRT monitor's viewable size is the _____ measurement of the actual viewing area provided by the screen in the monitor.
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Diagonal
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Ink-jet printer resolution is measured by the number of _____ a printer can print.
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dots per inch (dpi)
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The primary disadvantage of multifunctional peripherals is that _____.
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if the multifunctional peripheral breaks down, all functions are lost
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A(n) _____ is a touch-sensitive device, resembling a dry-erase board, that displays the image on a connected computer screen.
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interactive whiteboard
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_____ is a technology that sends resistance to a device in response to actions of the users.
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force feedback
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_____ is the speed with which data, instructions, and information transfer to and from a device.
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transfer rate
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Traditionally, hard disks stored data using _____, which aligned the magnetic particles horizontally around the surface of the disk.
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longitudinal recording
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A group of two or more integrated hard disks is called a _____.
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RAID
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Users subscribe to a cloud storage service to _____.
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save time by storing large files instantaneously, allow others to access their files, and store offsite backups of data
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A(n) _____ is a type of storage media that consist of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser.
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optical disk
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_____, technology works with specially coated optical discs to etch labels directly on the disc.
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Lightscribe
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On larger computers, tape cartridges are mounted in a separate cabinet called a(n) _____.
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tape library
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A _____ card is a credit card, entertainment card, bank card, or other similar card, with a stripe that contains information identifying you and the card.
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magnetic stripe
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The ____ chip, which uses battery power, stores configuration information about the computer.
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CMOS
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Windows users can increase the size of memory through _____, which can allocate available storage space on removable flash memory devices as additional memory cache.
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windows readyboost
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A _____ is a mini-program with minimal functionality that connects to another program or provides information.
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Gadget
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When you enter search criteria, instead of looking through every file and folder on the storage medium, the search utility looks through the _____ first to find a match.
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Index
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Defragmenting reorganizes the files on a disk so that they are located in _____ access time.
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contiguous sectors, which speeds
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_____ is a utility that detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions.
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windows firewall
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_____ is a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on webpages, email, or other internet services.
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Adware
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A(n) _____ is a program that warns or blocks you from potentially fraudulent or suspicious web sites.
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phishing filter
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With _____, users can view message details such as the length of calls and, in some cases, read message contents instead of listening to them.
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visual voicemail
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When an online meeting takes place on the web, it is called _____.
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a web conference
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A document management system _____.
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provides for storage and management of a company's documents
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A _____ is a web application that combines services from two or more sources, creating a new application.
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mashup
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_____ are devices that provide a common central connection point for nodes on the network.
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hubs and switches
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_____ is a standard, specifically a protocol, that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person.
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RFID
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_____ consist of a single copper wire surrounded by at least three layers.
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coaxial cable
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_____ is a service that provides television programs over the cellular network.
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mobile TV
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_____ information has an age suited to its use.
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Timely
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In some tables, the primary key consists of multiple fields, called a _____.
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composite key
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_____ procedures include adding records to, modifying records in, and deleting records from a file.
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file maintenance
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A range check _____.
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determines whether a number is within a specified range
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All of the following are strengths of the database, except _____.
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less complexity
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Because the _____ contains details about data, some call it metadata (meta means more comprehensive).
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data dictionary
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Many organizations adopt the _____ policy, where users access privileges are limited to the lowest level necessary to perform required tasks.
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principle of least privilege
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The database analyst (DA) _____.
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decides on the proper placement of fields
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A _____ is a program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer.
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Rootkit
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Malware is a term that can be used to describe _____.
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rootkits, worms, and back doors
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A _____ is an assault whose purpose is to disrupt computer access to an internet service such as the web or e-mail.
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denial of service attack
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_____ involves the examination of computer media, programs, data, and log files on computers, serves, and networks.
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digital forensics
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Physical access controls, such as locked doors and windows, usually are adequate to protect against _____.
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hardware theft
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A(n) _____ is a programmed formula that the originator of the data uses to encrypt the plaintext and the recipient of the data uses to decrypt the ciphertext.
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encryption key
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Some organizations continually review their _____, which is a ratio that measures how much power enters the computer facility, or data center, against the amount of power required to run the computers.
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power usage effectiveness (PUE)
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As related to the use of computers, _____ is defined as gaining unauthorized access or obtaining confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others.
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social engineering
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_____ is a team-driven project management approach, in which a project leader is more of a participant and facilitator than a manager during the project.
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extreme project management
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A _____ analyzes the time required to complete a task and identifies the minimum time required for an entire project.
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PERT chart
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In larger organizations, users write a formal request for a new or modified information system, which is called a _____.
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project request
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During the planning phase the projects that receive the highest priority are those _____.
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mandated by management or some other governing body
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A(n) _____ lists a variety of conditions and the actions that correspond to each condition.
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decision table
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The purpose of the _____ is to access the feasibility of each alternative solution and then recommend the most feasible solution for the project.
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system proposal
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_____ tools are designed to support one or more activities of system development.
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computer-aided software engineering (CASE)
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A(n) _____ test is performed by end-users and checks the new system to ensure that it works with actual data.
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Acceptance
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_____ are smaller in size than enterprises and typically do not have an international presence.
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SMBs
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A centralized approach to information systems usually _____ manageability.
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reduces cost of maintenance and increases
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_____ includes several types of applications and technologies for acquiring, storing, analyzing, and providing access to information to help users make more sound business decisions.
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business intelligence
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Using statistical analysis, _____ can identify and predict product defects and problems with the company's processes.
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quality control software
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The secure connection created between user's computer and a company's network is called a(n) _____.
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VPN tunnel
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A(n) _____ is an information system that has existed within the organization for an extended length of time and is relied upon heavily.
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legacy system
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Enterprises often use _____ technology to connect ot storage systems at data rates up to Gbps.
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fibre channel
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A(n) _____ allows a user to choose specific files to backup, regardless of whether or not the files have changed.
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selective backup
