Composition II : Chapter 3 & 4
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
The six types of arguments found in writing.
answer
1. Obvious. 2. Extreme. 3. Hidden. 4. Unconscious. 5. Exploratory. 6. Objective.
question
An argument with two different sides, where the author's purpose is to take a position and convince others.
answer
Obvious argument.
question
An argument where the author holds fast to prejudiced beliefs and stereotypes and aims to strengthen these views in a specific audience that shares these views.
answer
Extreme argument.
question
An argument that seems to have been written to inform, but on closer reading actually favors one position over another.
answer
Hidden argument.
question
An argument written by an author who is trying to write objectively, but has been influenced unconsciously by their personal opinions, resulting in an unconscious intent to change people's minds.
answer
Unconscious argument.
question
An argument that explores three or more of the major positions on a controversial issue. The author's position may or may not be revealed.
answer
Exploratory argument.
question
An argument where the author reports facts and ideas that everyone can accept, and the author's opinions are deliberately omitted.
answer
Objective reporting.
question
The thesis of an argument, which shapes the entire text.
answer
Claim.
question
Assertions, reasons, or supporting arguments that develop an argument's thesis.
answer
Subclaims.
question
Facts, opinions, evidence, visual images, and examples needed to support subclaims.
answer
Support.
question
Lead the reader from one idea to another and sometimes state the relationships among ideas.
answer
Transitions.
question
The four components of an expository paper.
answer
1. Thesis. 2. Claim. 3. Subclaim. 4. Support.
question
Paper in which the arguer identifies not just one position, but as many of the major positions on an issue as possible and explains them through summaries and of the analysis of the overall rhetorical situation of the issue.
answer
Exploratory paper.
question
Arguments are based on....?
answer
Probability.
question
A six-part model of argument that is based on probability, not definite truths.
answer
Toulmin model.
question
Name the six parts of the Toulmin model.
answer
1. Claim. 2. Support. 3. Warrants. 4. Backing. 5. Rebuttal. 6. Qualifiers.
question
Of the six parts of the Toulmin model, which three are considered the MAIN parts?
answer
1. Claim 2. Support. 3. Warrants.
question
Of the six parts of the Toulmin model, which three are considered SECONDARY and needed to strengthen an argument and adapt it to the needs and beliefs of a particular audience?
answer
1. Backing. 2. Rebuttal. 3. Qualifiers.
question
The part of the Toulmin model which that encompasses subclaims and specific supporting details.
answer
Support.
question
The likelihood of something happening.
answer
Probability.
question
The part of the Toulmin model which provides additional support for the warrant of an argument.
answer
Backing.
question
Also known as a \"thesis\".
answer
Claim.
question
Also known as a \"counter-argument\".
answer
Rebuttal.
question
Also known as \"supporting arguments\"
answer
Subclaims.
question
Widely held values, and commonly accepted beliefs that appeal to human motives that are an important part of any argument.
answer
Warrants.
question
Warrants that utilize the \"if, then\" formula.
answer
Logical warrants.
question
Warrants that encompasses broader assumptions that relate to the issue raised by an argument.
answer
Contextual warrants.
question
Where do warrants originate?
answer
With the arguer.
question
The prerogative to respond to and assess warrants rests with...?
answer
The audience.
question
The Toulmin model of argument is often used in which four areas?
answer
1. Public speaking. 2. Law. 3. Writing. 4. Debate.
question
Language that is better for demonstrating probability in an argument; includes words like \"sometimes, possibly\" in place of words like \"never, probably\".
answer
Qualifiers.
question
Parts of the Toulmin model that can be found within any argument.
answer
1. Claim. 2. Support. 3. Warrants.
question
\"Thesis\", \"proposition\", \"conclusion\", \"main point\" are synonyms for which part of the Toulmin model?
answer
Claim.
question
\"Evidence\", \"reasons\", \"examples\", \"facts\" are synonyms for which part of the Toulmin Model?
answer
Support.
question
\"Assumptions, \"general principals\", \"presuppositions\", and \"underlying logic\" are synonyms for which part of the Toulmin Model?
answer
Warrant.
question
The second level of support that provides evidence, opinions, reasoning, examples, and factual information about a claim or subclaim that makes it possible for the audience to accept the claim made within an argument.
answer
Specific support.
question
Specific support contains...?
answer
1. Facts. 2. Opinions. 3. Examples. 4. Images.
question
The type of support that is laid out in a court of law that is vivid, real, and verifiable.
answer
Factual support.
question
Are provable and make an argument more convincing.
answer
Facts.
question
Interpretations of facts and events; can be provable, but are debatable.
answer
Opinions.
question
Can be real or made up, long or short, and are used to clarify and make material more memorable and can provide proof in an argument.
answer
Examples.
question
Visuals used to support claims and subclaims and make them more vivid and believable to the audience.
answer
Images.
question
Arguments require...?
answer
A situation.
question
Often contained in web-based arguments.
answer
Visual arguments.
question
Arguments found on the internet that are a combination of visual and written arguments (multi-media) and are highly interactive.
answer
Web-based arguments.
question
Arguments assigned in college, where arguers take positions on issues that may be controversial.
answer
Academic argument.
question
A repeat of words or phrases with an indication that the writer is not the original author or speaker of the words or phrases through the use of quotation marks.
answer
Quote.
question
An expression of the meaning of a certain word or phrase that uses different words or phrases made up by the author.
answer
Paraphase.
question
A brief statement or account of the main point.
answer
Summary.
question
Organizes ideas into some kind of written form so that they can be seen and worked with.
answer
First draft.
question
Improves a first draft, making it more readable and convincing.
answer
Revision.
question
Asking questions like \"Why do I care about this issue? What is my stake\" is an example of...?
answer
Thinking like a citizen.
question
\"How does this issue impact or affect my daily life?\"
answer
Arguing like a citizen.
question
\"Where could I go in my community to see an example of this debate being waged?\"
answer
Acting like a citizen.
