communications final 3 – Flashcards
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true of false? Getting physically and mentally ready is one of the steps to receive messages accurately.
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true
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true or false? Critical analysis is especially important when a speaker is asking you to believe, act on, or support what is being said.
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true
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true or false? Critical analysis is especially important when a speaker is asking you to believe, act on, or support what is being said.
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true
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true or false?The process of determining the truthfulness, authenticity, or believability of the information provided is called evaluating
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true
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true or false? When you listen to someone judgmentally you are engaging in discriminative listening.
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false
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an absence of shared meaning
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culture shock
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refers to interactions that occur between people whose cultures are so different that the communication between them is altered
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Intercultural communication
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Matthew lives his life by Christian principles, attends church twice a week, and is actively involved in a Bible study. When faced with choices in his life, he asks what the right choice is based on his faith. Matthew's religion is an example of ____
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a co-culture
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is determined by the importance that we assign to membership in cultural groups
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cutural identity
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The four dimensions of culture as identified by Hofstede are ____
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individualism-collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, masculinity-femininity
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Jerry is more likely to be a member of a collectivist culture if he ____
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is careful to bring up delicate topics with his boss in private, not in public
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Which of these might be a factor that distinguishes a co-culture?
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a. Sexual orientation b. Social class c. Gender
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If someone prefers concrete and specific language and predictability, they are likely to be from a____
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high uncertainty-avoidance culture
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If you come from a culture characterized as having high power distance, ____
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inequalities in power, status, and rank are viewed as natural
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If you come from a culture characterized as having low power distance, ____
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individuals are expected to downplay differences in power, status, and rank
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Ashlee likes that she is small, has long hair and enjoys wearing dresses. However, she also likes to wear men's jeans, is a construction worker, and does not intend to have children. Based on this information, Ashlee is probably from a ____ culture.
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feminine
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Sharon works at a high-end clothing store. Even though the transactions take longer and are more difficult when she serves a foreign customer, Sharon is patient and realizes these interactions are inevitable and can still result in satisfaction for both the customer and her. Sharon is doing what suggested behavior to improve intercultural communication?
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tolerating ambiguity
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When Miriam noticed that a group of Asian women in the cafeteria had an increased loudness or pitch to their speech, she assumed that they must be arguing. Which of the following is she demonstrating?
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incompatible communication codes
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Your textbook mentions several ways to adopt correct attitudes in order to interact with more cultural sensitivity. Which of the following was not listed?
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Be egocentric.
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Some of the ways we might acquire knowledge about other cultures include all of the following except ____
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talk to friends
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Intercultural empathy is ____
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imagining yourself in the other person's cultural world so as to experience what he or she is experiencing
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. When Elizabeth moved from New York to Savannah, Georgia, she had a hard time adjusting to the slower pace, to people opening doors for her, and to people calling her ma'am. She felt that what others intended as friendly gestures invaded her personal space. Elizabeth experienced ____
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cuture shock
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true or false? Intercultural communication does not occur unless you leave your home country.
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false
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true or false? Ethnicity and race are the same thing
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false
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true or false? Power distance describes the degree to which members of a society accept the unequal distribution of power among members
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true
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true or false? Assumed similarity helps us communicate interculturally because we usually communicate better when we understand others in terms of ourselves.
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false
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true or false? Altruism means being insensitive to cultural differences.
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false
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brainstorming
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is an uncritical, unevaluative process of generating ideas
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If you had several related ideas for a speech topic and wanted to explore the connections between them, you could ____
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create a concept map
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Audience analysis can guide the speaker in
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a. selecting the topic b. organizing the speech c. presenting the speech
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For a speech on ratings of nursing homes, which of the following would probably be the most important bit of data about an audience for a speaker?
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age
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One way to get information about a prospective audience is ____
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through a chairperson or group contact
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To forecast audience reactions, a speaker should collect data to answer which of the following questions?
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What is the audience's knowledge, and what are the interests of its members?
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Selecting a topic should involve the following consideration:
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the level of knowledge of the average audience member
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As a speaker determines the specific goal of a speech, his or her prime concern should be ____
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the response desired from the audience
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I want my audience to understand the causes of juvenile crime
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I want my audience to understand the causes of juvenile crime
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Which of the following is an example of plagiarism?
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a. Alex paraphrases a paragraph from a book in his speech without an oral footnote. b. Evan gives a speech that his friend wrote the previous semester. c. Carole quotes a line from an article without an oral footnote.
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How many sources should you use in a speech?
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the number will vary depending on the topic, setting, and your own expertise
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Which of the following statements about narratives is accurate?
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Narratives can be a useful way to gain and keep the audience's attention.
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When using statistics in a speech, always remember that ____
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they must be verified
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To use statistics effectively, ____
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use them comparatively to clarify and explain
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To classify an individual as an expert he or she must be ____
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a master of the specific subject have engaged in a long-term study of their subject recognized by others as an authority in the field
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"Unlike last year, this year we have a cooperative manager" is an example of
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contrast
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If you referred to a football team's defensive line by saying, "Our line is like a stone wall," you would be
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comparison
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Which of the following people is an expert on Affirmative Action?
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a lawyer who works primarily on discrimination, including Affirmative Action cases and laws
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When preparing notes for your speech, you should ____
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prepare note cards that include your quotes and sources
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true or false? The speaker should not be concerned with the size of the audience or their special expectations for a speech, as that is the job of the person or organization sponsoring the speech.
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false
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true or false? If Kwame is trying to explain the four steps to an exercise program, his general goal is to persuade the audience.
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false
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true or false? A specific speech goal does not need to include the complete desired audience response, only a general idea.
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false
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true or false? It is not necessary to cite a source when you paraphrase it
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false
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Expert opinions are considered trustworthy and can be used to take the place of facts.
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false
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Which of the following is NOT a method of organizing the main points of a speech?
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alphabetical order
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If, for a speech on space exploration, you discussed the role of scientists, the role of government, and the role of the public, you would be using a basic speech pattern known as ____
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topic order
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A speech on how to build a deck for a backyard would likely follow a ____
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time order
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act like a tour guide, leading the audience through the speech
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Section transitions
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Creating goodwill refers to do what?
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exhibit warmth and good intent
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Karla starts her speech by saying, "Many of you know that I work closely with the AIDS Alliance agency in our city. You may also know that I am passionate about healthcare reform. What you may not know is that, like 33 million other people, I am living with AIDS." Karla's statement is an example of ____
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startling statement
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Asking a question is a technique used to
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get your listeners thinking about an idea
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personal reference
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___ is a brief mention of something that happened to you or a hypothetical situation with you as the subject.
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Which of the following does your book suggest is a good attention-getter?
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a joke
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a summary is what?
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When a speaker concludes a speech by reviewing the main points of that speech, the conclusion
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vivid impression
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A person who ends a speech about CPR with a dramatic description of how she saved a person's life performing mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is demonstrating
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an appeal is what?
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A conclusion that describes the behavior or actions you want your audience members to assume after they have heard the arguments uses a technique
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the bibliography is what?
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The last item on the speech outline
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Your speech outline should
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be no more than a third of the total number of words you expect to say
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true or false? he organizational pattern you choose will determine the order to your main points.
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true
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true or false? Organizing main points of the speech by categories or divisions of a subject is called logical reasons
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false
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true or false? Because section transitions can seem repetitive, they should only be used when the audience is unfamiliar with the topic.
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false
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true or false? Because section transitions can seem repetitive, they should only be used when the audience is unfamiliar with the topic.
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false
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true or false? One of the goals of the introduction is to establish credibility.
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true
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"Audience adaptation" means ____
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relating information to the specific audience
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Establishing relevance can be done ____
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by showing the audience how the information relates to them personally
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Talking about common experiences will ____
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allow the audience to identify with the speaker
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A speaker using the strategy of timeliness in a speech on the importance of recycling ____
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shows how it affects every listener today
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In order to effectively manage cultural differences, you should ____
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a. avoid offensive language b. be especially precise when you are not speaking in your primary language c. use supporting examples that are appropriate for the group
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The principle behind the effectiveness of comparison is that people are more likely to understand something when ____
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unknown information is associated with information they know
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When designing a PowerPoint presentation you should ____
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use a font that is easy to read
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Sheng wants to show the chain of command within the organization she is discussing. She wants to include hierarchy, who communicates with whom, and relationships between roles. This could be demonstrated best by using ____
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a flow chart
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How does a speaker benefit from using a visual aid?
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we remember more
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Harrison wants to show a human brain for his speech, but using an actual brain is impractical, difficult to obtain, and a biohazard. The most similar alternative is ____
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a model
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If you wanted to show the way a university budget was distributed, which type of visual aid would probably be best?
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a pie chart
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Daria wants to show her audience where the kidneys, bladder, and liver are in the body. To do this most effectively she should use ____
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a simple drawing
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credibility
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is the level of trust the audience has in a speaker.
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Well-developed and well-presented computer-mediated visual aids greatly enhance ____
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audience perceptions of speaker credibility
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A flipchart is ____
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a large pad mounted on an easel
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Whiteboard and chalkboards are different from other presentational aids discussed in the chapter because ____
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you can write on them while you are showing them
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Chalkboards are appropriate for use ____
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when what you want to show is very simple or short
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The problem with handouts is that they
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can distract the audience away from your speech
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The number of presentational aids used should be limited because ____
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you want the focus to be on you, the speaker
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One guideline for the effective use of presentational aids in a speech is ____
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use presentational aids only if they contribute to the audience's understanding
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ture or false? Asking rhetorical questions is one of the best ways to develop common ground
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true
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true or false? Asking rhetorical questions is one of the best ways to develop common ground.
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false
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true or false? Using a presentational aid will help make your information clearer to your audience
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false
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true or false? Using yourself as a presentational aid can be your own best visual aid on certain occasions.
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true
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true or false? Many novice speakers overuse computer-mediated presentations and allow the visual to become the show and not simply an aid.
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true
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Which of the following statements are accurate regarding gestures in public speaking?
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Gestures can help clarify structure in a speech.
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communicatoni orientation
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viewing speaking as an opportunity to engage in a conversation about something you care about, is an effective way to view public speaking.
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When using speaking notes, which of these should you do?
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Use the fewest words possible to guide you
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The surge of anxiety you experience as you first begin your is a part of the ____
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confrontation phase
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In what phase of public speaking do you tend to experience a surge in anxiety?
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confrotation phase
