Common Core 7th grade Math Vocabulary – Flashcards
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5 number summary
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includes: minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, maximum in a data set
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acute angle
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an angle whose measure is greater than 0° but less than 90°
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adjacent angles
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two angles that share a common vertex and a common side
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algebraic expression
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mathematical phrase involving at least one variable and sometimes numbers and operation symbols
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aspect ratio
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ratio - width : height
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bar notation
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used for repeating decimals. A bar is drawn over digits that repeat
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base of pyramid
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single polygonal face
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census
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collection of data from every member of a population
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circle
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collection of points on the same plane equidistant from the same point
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circumference of circle
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refers to the outside of a circle (keywords: round, circular edge)
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coefficient
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number that is multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression
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combine like terms
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simplify expressions by adding or subtracting like terms
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common factor
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a number or an algebraic expression that is a factor of two or more numbers of algebraic expressions
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commission
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amount of money a salesperson earns after selling a product
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complementary angles
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sum of their angle measures is equal to 90°
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congruent angles
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two or more angles that have equal measures
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constant of proportionality
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ratio between two values is always the same, or constant
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convert
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change it to an equivalent measurement in different units
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corresponding angles
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angles that have the same relative positions in geometric figures
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cross section
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formed by the intersection of a plane and a solid when a plane passes through the solid
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data
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facts or numbers gathered from a survey
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diameter
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equal to twice the radius of the circle
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direct variation
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When values vary so that one increases or decreases a specific amount, the other value increases or decreases by a constant
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event
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one or a group of possible outcomes for a given situation
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experimental probability
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measure of the exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of the two remote interior angles of the triangle
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exterior angle theorem
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measure of the exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of the two remote interior angles of the triangle
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equation
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mathematical sentence that is created by placing an equals sign between two expressions
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exterior angles
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angles on the outside of a triangle
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factor
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rewrite the expression as a product of factors
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greatest common factor
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largest factor that two or more number or terms have in common
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inscribed circle
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circle that fits exactly within the boundaries of another shape
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inverse operations
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operations that undo each other
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linear pair
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two adjacent angles that have noncommon sides that form a line
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mean
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average of data set
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mean absolute deviation (MAD)
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average of the absolute values of the deviations of each data value from the mean
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median
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order numbers least to greatest then find the middle value (if 2 middle values, find average of both)
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mode
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in a data set, this is the value(s) that occur most often
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multiplicative inverse
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two numbers that when multiplied together equal 1
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non-repeating decimals
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decimal neither terminates nor repeats
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non-terminating decimal
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decimal that continues without end
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obtuse angle
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angle whose measure is greater than 90° but less than 180°
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outcome
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result of a single trial of an experiment
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parameter
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characteristic used to describe the population is called a parameter
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percent decrease
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new amount is less than the original amount. It is a ratio of the amount of decrease to the original amount
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percent increase
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new amount is greater than the original amount. It is a ratio of the amount of increase to the original amount
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pi
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ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
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population
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entire set of items from which data can be selected
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principal
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original amount of money originally invested
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probability
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measure of the likelihood that an event will occur
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proportion
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equation that states that two ratios are equal
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pyramid
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polyhedron formed by connecting one polygonal face to several triangular faces; they are classified by their bases
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radius
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distance from the center of a circle to a point on the circle
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random sample
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a sample that is selected from the population in such a way that every member of the population has the same chance of being selected
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range
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in data sets, maximum minus minimum
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rate
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ratio that compares two quantities that are measured in different units
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ratio
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comparison of two quantities that uses division
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repeating decimal
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decimal in which a digit or a group of digits repeats without end
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right angle
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angle whose measure is equal to 90°
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sample
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data from part of a population
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sample space
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list of all possible outcomes of an experiment
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scale drawing
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representations of real objects or places that are in proportion to the objects or places they represent
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scale factor
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ratio of side lengths in an enlargement to those of the original figure is called the scale factor
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simple event
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event consisting of one outcome
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simple interest
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fixed percentage of the principal
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statistic
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characteristic used to describe the sample is called a statistic
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straight angle
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angle whose measure is equal to 180°
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supplementary angles
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sum of their angles that measure is equal to 180°
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survey
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collecting information about a certain group of people
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triangle inequality theorem
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states that the sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third side
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triangle sum theorem
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states that the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°
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two-step equation
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requires that two inverse operations be performed in order to isolate the variable
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unit rate of change
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amount the dependent value changes for every unit the independent value changes
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variable
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variable is a letter or symbol that is used to represent a quantity
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vertical angles
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two nonadjacent congruent angles that are formed by two intersecting lines
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unit rate
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denominator is "always" 1
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commutative property
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when two numbers are added/multiplied together, the sum/product is the same regardless of the order
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associative property
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when three or more numbers are added/multiplied, the sum/product is the same regardless of the way in which the numbers are grouped; parenthesis can move around, result will be the same
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distributive property
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property that terms in an expression may be expanded in a particular way to form an equivalent expression
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congruent
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same size and shape
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equivalent ratios
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two ratios have the same value when simplified
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interior angles
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angles inside a triangle
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ordered pair
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usually written in parentheses like this: (4,5)
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first quartile (Q1)
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a number for which 25% of the data is less than that number; same as the median of the data which are less than the overall median
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third quartile (Q3)
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a number for which 75% of the data is less than that number; same as the median of the part of the data which is greater than the median
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box and whisker
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visual display of 5-number summary
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discount
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deduction from the usual cost of something
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inequality
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A mathematical sentence built from expressions using one or more of the symbols , ≤, or ≥
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interest
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a fixed percentage of the money is added at regular time intervals
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markup
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amount added to the cost price of goods to cover overhead and profit
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stem and leaf plot
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data value is split into a "leaf" (usually the last digit) and a "stem" (the other digits)
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volume of rectangular prism
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V=lwh
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surface area of rectangular prism
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SA=2(lw)+2(lh)+2(wh)
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volume of square pyramid
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V= (1/3)b²h
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surface area of square pyramid
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SA=2bs + b^2
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area of circle
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π r²
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terminating decimal
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decimal that ends
