COMM quiz questions – Flashcards
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"Walking through Baton Rouge in August is like having a steamy washcloth draped over your face" This statement is an example of a
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word picture
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Sean is informing his audience about the benefits of networking as a way to find a job. His speech is about which of the following?
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An idea
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Mark heard a great joke about a computer network administrator. He decided to use it in his speech on financial aid as a way to get the audience warmed up. When he gave his introduction, he noticed that his audience looked somewhat confused when he previewed his main points. What tip for using humor did Mark fail to follow?
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Use humor to make a point
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Descriptions that appeal to your senses are
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word pictures
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Melissa knew that most of her audience knew very little about creating a Power Point presentation, so she related her presentation to what her audience already knew about using word processing programs, and the principles they had learned about creating visual aids. What technique is she using to make her presentation clear?
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Relate new information to old information
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Beling was asked to make a presentation to a group of police officers. For her topic, Beling decided to explain some techniques to help manage job stress. What tactic is Beling using to make the presentation interesting?
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Presenting information that relates to listeners
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Adapting your presentation to your audience's "mental in-baskets" relates to which of the following?
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Using adult learning principles
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Each of the following is recommended as a method to make your presentation interesting EXCEPT
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build in redundancy
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A presentation about ____ would be a speech about a procedure
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how to perform a search on the internet
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When giving a presentation to adults, it is important to
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relate their life experiences to what they will be learning
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Matty was beginning her presentation by telling a funny story about a times she had embarrassed herself. By using this approach, Matty was using
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humor by making herself the butt of the joke
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Barbie was speaking to her audience about time management. As part of her presentation she relates the mid-term exams that students are taking to the principles she is covering in her presentation. Which principle is she using for making her presentation memorable?
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Connecting life experience with new information
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Kira describes sitting by the fire on a cold winter day, "The wood popped as the fire roared" What type of word picture is Kira using?
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Describing what listeners would hear
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Satoshi gave a speech explaining three types of Japanese writing. This is an example of a speech to
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inform
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David is informing his audience about the many opportunities for hiking, sightseeing and photograph at the Grand Canyon. His speech is about which of the following?
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An object
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When having an interpreter working with you to present your speech, which of the following should be kept in mind?
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If you have many facts, figures or other detailed data, write this information down before you speak and give it to your interpreter
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When teaching a process, it is helpful to follow the acronym T-E-A-C-H, which stands for the following:
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Tell, example, apply, coach, help
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Tiffany presented an informative speech on the cognitive theory of stimulation. What type of informative speech was this?
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A speech about an idea
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When Kiko reviewed the main points in her informative speech, she slowed down her rate of speech, decreased her volume, made sure to articulate each word clearly, and paused between each point. What technique of making an informative speech memorable did Kiko effectively employ?
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Reinforcing key ideas nonverbally
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Stewart was presenting information about the newest MP3 players. In describing the features, he covered the neatest and most technical aspects of the new players. What challenges might Stewart face in making sure his audience understands the information?
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Keeping his ideas simple
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A speech introduction that begins with, "Did you know that a light bulb has been invented that will last ten times as long as the ones we use today, but the government won't let it be marketed to the public?" is employing a device known as a(n)
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startling fact
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In Ted's speech on surfing, he is trying to decide whether or not to tell the audience in his introduction that he has been a surfer since he was just a kid. He wonders if this will help or hurt his credibility. What advice from your book applies here?
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Ted should give a brief, credibility-building explanation of his experience with the topic
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"Every I should have a II, and every A should have a B," is related to the principle of outlining concerned with
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subdivisions
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As Jerome reached his third and final point of his speech, he paused dramatically and moved about three feet toward his left before continuing. This example describes Jerome using a(n)
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nonverbal transition
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After doing a survey of his class, Ryan decided his discussion of Tesla's death ray device would be difficult for his audience to follow. One of the ways he adapted to this was to paraphrase and repeat vital information at the end of each main point. What device was Ryan using in his speech?
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Internal summary
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Nicole was planning a speech advocating the position that all students be required to take two years of a foreign language prior to graduation. She was fairly certain that most of the people in her class were against her position. She felt that the strongest argument she had for this audience was the value of this skill when seeking employment. She decided to present that argument as her first main point. What principle is Nicole using
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Primacy
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If you want to inform an audience about three equally "risky" behaviors related to contracting HIV, which organizational pattern would work best?
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Topical
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In the opening to her speech about eating disorders, Sheila told the story of her friend who almost died of anorexia. In her conclusion, she reminded her audience of what all her friend went through and explained that her friend was currently doing well in her battle against the disease. What strategy did Sheila use?
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She provided closure to her presentation
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In her speech on gardening, Elvira noted that she planted like vegetables together, based on the idea that "foods that grow together go together." By pointing out where she planted each vegetable, Elvira used which organizational pattern for her speech?
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Spatial
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What type of organizational pattern is reflected in these main points? I. As a young child, J.R.R. Tolkien and his young cousins invented a language called Nebosh. II. As a college student, J.R.R. Tolkien invented several languages influenced by Welsh and Finnish. III. By the time he published the works of fiction for which he is famous, J.R.R. Tolkien had invented a number of Elvish languages.
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Chronological
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In his speech on varying explanations of how the earth came into existence, Eduardo begins with opinions, moves to inferences, and uses scientific facts in support of his last point. What principle of supporting material organization is Eduardo reflecting in his speech?
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"Soft" to "hard" evidence
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A verbal or nonverbal signal that indicates you are moving from one idea to the next is known as a
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signpost
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Dallas has begun her main points with some very easy-to-understand and has then moved to concepts that are more difficult to understand. She has used which organizational style?
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complexity
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Maxine develops a speech in which her main ideas include the following: I. Fuel emissions from cars result in pollution. II. Driving alternative fuel vehicles will help decrease the pollution. What type of organizational pattern is Maxine using?
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Problem-solution
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In Daryl's speech on football, he tells the audience in the introduction that he is going to discuss the history of the sport, some of the rules, and the benefits of playing football on cardiovascular fitness. What type of signpost is Daryl demonstrating?
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An initial preview
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Words or phrases such as "next," "finally," "in conclusion," "first," "second," "in addition," are referred to as
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Verbal transitions
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Reminders such as "Louder," "Gesture," "Slow down," written on the delivery outline in a different color of ink are known as
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Delivery ques
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Factual examples and statistics make up _____ evidence.
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Hard
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What aspect of standard outlining procedure is NOT CORRECT in the following example? 1.The Ironman Triathlon includes three competitive events. 1.Competitors must swim five miles. 2.Competitors bicycle for 101 miles. 3.Competitors run for over 26 miles. 2.Ironman competitions are held in many different locations in the U.S. 1.Competitions are held in Atlanta. 2.Two competitions are in New York City. 3.Honolulu hosts a competition in November.
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The use of standard numbering
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Laverne makes the claim in her persuasive speech that unregulated cars in major urban areas contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, and depletion of the ozone layer contributes to global warming. Which type of organizational pattern is reflected in this example?
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Cause-effect
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In a persuasive speech on lowering tuition, Alvaro wanted to compare the tuition paid by students at various state universities in his state. In order to present the information clearly, which of the following visual aids should he choose?
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A bar graph
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Which of the following types of microphones might you encounter attached to a lectern?
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Stationary
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Craig's teacher suggests that he use the word "baritone saxophone" rather than "musical instrument" in his speech. Which principle of effective verbal delivery is Craig's teacher pointing out to Craig?
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Use specific, concrete words
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The rhythm of language is called
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Cadence
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Parallelism, antithesis, and repetition can all be used to create _____ in a presentation
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Cadence
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A speech style common to an ethnic group or a geographic region is known as a(n)
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Dialect
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Rev. Jesse Jackson says, "We must relate instead of debate; we must inspire instead of retire; and we must repair instead of despair." Rev. Jackson is using all of the following stylistic devises EXCEPT _____.
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Simile
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Which of the following is a recommendation for your posture when giving a presentation?
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Avoid sitting during a presentation
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The stylistic devices of omission, inversion, and suspension are methods used to
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Achieve a sense of drama in a speech
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In his speech on Aphrodite, Ted stated that "her eyes were pools" and went on to compare their beauty to that of the sea. The phrase "her eyes were pools" is a use of
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Metaphor
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According to your book, the delivery style that is appropriate to most circumstances is
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extemporaneous speaking
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Which of the following is a recommendation for eye contact?
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Establish eye contact before you say anything
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In a speech about preparing oneself for the death of a loved one, Amber made repeated reference to the "marching of Father Time." She hoped to create a sense of drama for her audience, while at the same time getting them to seriously consider her points. What figure of speech did Amber use in her presentation?
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Personification
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Which of the following is a way of structuring sentences in order to save an important word or phrase at the end of a sentence rather than at the beginning?
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Suspension
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Patricia showed a video clip from a popular movie to her class of 24 students at the beginning of her five minute presentation. The clip lasted approximately a minute and a half and was shown on a television. Was this a good idea?
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No; the clip was probably too long in proportion to the length of her presentation
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Which of the following is not a recommendation on the use of gestures?
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Use as many gestures as possible so long as they are natural and not forced
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Howard taped pictures of rainbows all around the room as visual aids for his speech. He never referred to the pictures but simply created an atmosphere for his presentation. Was this an effective use of visual aids, according to textbook guidelines?
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No; because you should explain your visual aids, not just show them
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Delindus thought that he would be dramatic and impress his public speaking class with his speech on air pollution. He decided to use mice in a closed jar to illustrate how air pollution is slowly killing human beings. But during the speech, he noticed that audience attention was on the jar of mice rather than on him as the speaker. What guideline did Delindus ignore with regard to using visual aids?
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use animals with caution as visual aids in a speech
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Shawna planned to demonstrate the two-step for one of her informative speeches and needed a partner to make the demonstration be successful. Which important guideline should she consider when using people as visual aids?
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If she wants to use a partner, she should have them rehearse with her ahead of time.
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Which of the following is true of effective verbal delivery?
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Simple words can communicate accuracy and power
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"At the end of my speech, the audience will acknowledge that volcanoes contribute more to global warming than motor vehicles" is an example of a speech that targets a(n)
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Belief
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Which of the following is a recommended strategy for an unreceptive audience?
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Acknowledge opposing points of view
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In his speech, Warnie painted a picture for the audience of the grim future that will occur if the current rate of child abuse continues. This is an example of a
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Negative visualization
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Frazier is listening to a persuasive speech on assisted suicide. With the new information presented in the speech, he is learning more about the problem and begins to question his own opinion. What is the best term for what Frazier is experiencing?
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Cognitive dissonance
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When students arrived for the speech by Joe Clark, they had already seen posters around campus with his picture and the mention of a movie about him, Lean on Me, which many had even seen. In his speech of introduction, the student body president complimented Clark's achievements and commented upon his awards and recognition. The publicity and the introduction enhanced Mr. Clark's _____ credibility.
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Initial
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In your speech to a group of high school students, you explain how you have seen people do stupid things at parties as a result of drinking, you've seen how drunken people put themselves at risk, and you've heard of people's reputations being ruined because of alcohol-related incidents. Because of what you've seen, you want to urge your listeners to avoid drinking in social situations so they will not suffer the consequences similar to those you discussed. What form of reasoning have you used in this speech?
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Causal
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The perception the audience forms of you as you present your speech is _____ credibility.
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Derived
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A classmate asks Caroline about evidence that seemed questionable in her persuasive speech. Caroline evades the issue by quickly bringing up an irrelevant fact about another point in her speech. What sort of logical fallacy does this illustrate?
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Red herring
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When Aaron tries to persuade his audience to install a smoke detector in their apartment, he is appealing to his listeners' _____ needs.
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Safety
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"People should not let their animals outside when it is a full moon" is an example of which of the following logical fallacies?
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Non sequitur
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"Fast food restaurants should be required to provide nutritional information about items on their menu" is a proposition of
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Policy
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When Judd said, "The rights of students are being violated on other college campuses and it will happen on our campus. Everyone sees it...everyone knows it." You recognized this as a(n)
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Bandwagon fallacy
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Which of the following is a term used in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
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Self-actualization
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Charisma is a form of
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Dynamism
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Imelda wants to persuade her audience that driving hybrid vehicles is an effective method of conserving fuel. You recognize this as a proposition of
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Fact
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In her persuasive speech, Beatrice says the following: "So, by using these simple steps, you will save time, money, and energy." What form of persuasive appeal is this?
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Positive appeal
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Sarah identifies common arguments as to why Bigfoot does not exist and systematically argues against each of these objections. What organizational pattern is she using?
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Refutation
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Thea is arguing against the bond proposal that would raise money to build a bike lane on the main avenue coming into the University. She dismisses the opposing argument, describing the group that proposed the bonds as "liberal do gooders." By making this claim, she is asking the audience to believe her based on which type of reasoning fallacy?
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Personal attack
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Reasoning from a general statement to a specific conclusion is known as
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Deductive reasoning
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A new framework for understanding persuasion is called the _____and focuses on how audience members interpret persuasive messages.
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ELM
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Pam and Terry were discussing their current relationship. Pam digressed from the current situation and began to talk about what Terry had done in the past to hurt her feelings. This behavior is referred to as
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gunny-sacking
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Sarah confides in Elizabeth saying, "Mr. Smith is inflexible when it comes to certain issues. I like a boss who can stand his ground and be firm in enforcing company policy." Elizabeth reports what Sarah said to Mr. Smith saying, "Elizabeth said that you were inflexible." Mr. Smith is offended by this comment. This example best illustrates which of the following?
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Connotative meanings may be misunderstood
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Which of the following words is the most concrete
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Sailing (competition, sport, activity)
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A word, sound, gesture, or visual signal that represents a thought, concept, or object is a(n)
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Symbol
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Rachel urged her Aunt Sandy to donate a large sum of money to a local club where Rachel was a member. Rachel knew that if she could bring in the most donations she would win an all-expenses-paid trip to California. Rachel's communication was
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Mainpulative
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Generic language is language that
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uses general terms that stand for all persons or things within a given category
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When words reflect unqualified, often untrue generalizations that deny individual differences among people, they become the language barrier of
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Allness
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Arman wants to be sure that Noshin understands his message, so he uses the dictionary meaning of a particular word. In this case, Arman is using which meaning?
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Denotative
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Which of the following would be less likely to be considered a co-culture in the United States?
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U.S. citizens
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_____ is the pattern and arrangement of words in a language
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Syntax
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Using the term "chairman" for both men and women who serve as the presiding officer at a meeting would be an example of
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Sexist language
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Chris and Ryan are having a huge argument. Chris said to Ryan, "Either you love me or you don't!" Which of the following barriers to effective communication does this statement represent?
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Polarization
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Which of the following would be considered to be a supportive response?
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Detachment
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Jack announces at the fraternity meeting that there will be a dance next weekend and everyone is invited to bring their girlfriend. This is an example of
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Heterosexist language
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In response to his son's request, Tom said, "I don't care that you want! You'll do what I tell you to do because I am your father!" How would you most accurately categorize this response?
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It is being superior rather than equal
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Polarization is a form of
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Defensive communication
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The practice of using one form of language and then switching to another form, usually seamlessly is known as
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Code switching
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Judonna and Candice were shopping at the mall. Judonna needed to go to the other end of the mall to get something. She said to Candice, "Meet me at 2:00 in front of Sears." Candice thought that 'in front' meant outside in front of the parking lot entrance. Judonna thought that 'in front' meant in front of the entrance on the inside of the mall. Judonna and Candice spent two hours waiting for each other. What language problem is reflected in this situation?
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Bypassing
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"She never misses a day of church. She's a real holy roller." This statement illustrates
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Allness
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Using the terms "husband and wife" rather than "partner" demonstrates
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Heterosexist bias
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A(n) _____cultural perspective requires an appreciation for and sensitivity to cultural differences
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Ethnorelative
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Which of the following statements is true concerning cultural context?
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It is communicated primarily through environment and nonverbal cues
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Greg's new job required that he make a sales presentation in Korea. When he arrived, he was stressed due to the differences in language, customs, and food. How would you best describe what Greg was feeling?
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Culture shock
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Which of the following statements correctly reflects your book's definition of gender?
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It is a psychologically-based perception
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One technique described in your book for becoming more mindful is
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Self-talk
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Social decentering is the
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cognitive process through which we take into consideration another person's thoughts, values, background, and perspectives
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The attitude that one's own cultural approaches are superior to others is called
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Ethnocentrism
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An expressive orientation emphasizes
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Fostering harmonious relationships
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Stereotyping is
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to place a person or group into an inflexible, all-encompassing category
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People from the United States often think that individual choice and achievement is important. This would be an example of
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A cultural value
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A strategy for becoming other-oriented in which you feel the emotional reaction the other person is experiencing is
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Empathy
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According to Hofstede's research, which of the following is a characteristic of a culture that has a high level of uncertainty avoidance?
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Elaborate codes of conduct are enforced
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Which of the following is a characteristic of an individualist culture?
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Individuals strive for their own achievement
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a culture that values a centralized approach to power?
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There are clear lines of authority in who reports to whom
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According to Hofstede's research, which of the following is a typical value of a feminine culture?
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Enhancing the overall quality of life
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Research discussed in your book on gender suggests that men take a more content-orientation approach to communication. This means that they
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view communication as a means of information exchange
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Ethnicity is a social classification based on a number of factors, including which of the following?
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Nationality, Religion, and Language
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What fraction of immigrants on Earth come to the United States?
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Two-thirds
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A cultural group within a larger culture is referred to as a
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Co-culture
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The perceptions shared by a group of people about their key beliefs and issues is their
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Worldview
