Comm – Flashcard
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According to your textbook, how well a speech is organized likely will influence
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-how clearly the audience understands the -how the audience views the competence of the speaker -how confident the speaker is
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According to your textbook, what is the most important reason for limiting the number of main points in a speech?
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- it is hard to maintain parallel wording if there are too many main points - it is hard to phrase the central idea if has too many main points - it is hard to organize supporting materials if there are too many main points -it is hard to deliver extemporaneously if it has too many main points -It is hard for the audience to keep track of too many main points
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The most effective order of main points in a speech depends above all on your topic, purpose, and
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audience
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When the main points of a speech follow a time pattern, they are organized in
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chronological order
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When main ideas follow a directional pattern, they are organized
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spatial order
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Which of the following organizational patterns is used more than any other method of speech organization because of its applicability to almost any subject?
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1. chronological 2. spatial 3. problem-solution 4. topical 5. causal
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As your textbook explains, signposts are especially useful for
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indicate where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas.
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According to your textbook, transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts are examples of
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connectives
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All of the following are basic objectives of a speech introduction except
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Support your main points
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Which of the following would you most likely find in a well-constructed speech introduction?
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Get attention and interest of the audience, reveal the topic of the speech, establish credibility and good will, and preview the body of the speech.
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Which of the following would you most likely find in a speech introduction?
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Relate the topic to audience, state the importance, startle the audience, question the audience, begin with a quotation, tell a story.
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___ is the audience's perception of _____ whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.
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credibility
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When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to ____in the introduction of your speech.
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establish good will toward the audience in the introduction of your speech.
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The best time to work out the exact wording of a speech introduction is
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after finished preparing the body of the speech
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17. What does your textbook say about preparing an effective speech conclusion?
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5-10% of the entire speech, keep an eye out for concluding materials as you research the speech, conclude with a bang not a whimper be creative, don't be long-winded, don't leave anything in your conclusion to chance work it out in details.
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19. According to your textbook, a(n)_______ a peak of power and intensity.
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crescendo
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21. Outlining is important to public speaking because an outline helps a speaker
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relate the ideas together, make sure thoughts flows, structure is coherent.
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22. Two types of speech outlines discussed in your textbook are the
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detailed, and brief speaking outline.
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23. Which of the following should be included in a preparation outline?
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Specific purpose and central idea, label the introduction, body, and conclusion, designate transition, internal summaries, and internal preview and bibliography.
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24. According to your textbook, transitions, internal summaries, and other connectives should be
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included in the preparation outline
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26. According to your textbook, which of the following should be included in a speaking outline?
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Key words or phrases, essential statistics and quotations.
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27. When preparing a speaking outline, you should
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make sure it is legible, follows the same visual framework as preparation outline, and cues for delivering the speech.
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28. According to your textbook, the main reason to keep a speaking outline brief is to
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maintain eye contact with audience.
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30. According to your textbook, in a speaking outline, the conclusion should be
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written out word for word, labeled as a separate part of the speech, set off in parentheses
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31. Language helps to shape our sense of reality by
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giving meaning to events
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32. The denotative meaning of a word is
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literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase.
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33. The connotative meaning of a word is
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meaning suggested by the association or emotion triggered by a word or phrase.
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34. As a speaker, you would probably use more connotative words if you wanted
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to arouse an emotional response.
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35. According to your textbook ___ words refer to ideas or concepts rather than to tangible objects.
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abstract
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36. To use language vividly, your textbook recommends that speakers employ
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imagery and rhythm
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37. Phrases such as "dry as a bone," "clear as a bell," "dark as night," and "smart as a whip" should be avoided in speeches because they are
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cliches
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38. "Memories are like fingerprints—no two sets are ever the same" is an example of
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simile
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39. Your textbook recommends using repetition and parallelism to enhance the ___ of your speeches.
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rhythm
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41. Communication based on a speaker's body and voice, rather than on the use of words, is called
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nonverbal communication
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42. In which situation would a speaker be most likely to read from a manuscript?
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A speech on international policy at the UN.
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43. In which situation would a speaker be most likely to recite a speech from memory?
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When making a toast at a wedding.
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44. According to your textbook, the _____ speaker delivers a speech with little or no immediate preparation.
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impromptu
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45. The ______speaker uses only brief notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory.
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extemporaneous
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46. A speech that is fully prepared in advance but that is delivered from a brief set of notes or a speaking outline is called a(n) _____speech.
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extemporaneous
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47. According to your textbook, a speech that sounds spontaneous to the audience no matter how many times it has been rehearsed has a strong _____ quality.
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conversation
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48. "Conversational quality" in speech delivery means that the speech
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sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed.
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49. The best rate of speech depends on the
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vocal attributes of the speaker, the mood the speaker trying to create, the composition of the audience, and the nature of the occasion.
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50. According to your textbook, "uh," "er," "um," and similar expressions in a public speech are referred to as
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vocalize pauses.
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51. According to your textbook, which of the following is an advantage of using visual aids in a speech?
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Increase clarity of the speaker's message, increase audience's retention of speaker's message, increase the persuasiveness of a speaker's message.
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52. Visual aids are often helpful to a speaker because they can
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enhance the clarity of speaker's ideas, making information more interesting to listeners, help listeners retain a speaker's ideas
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53. If the object you want to use as a visual aid is not available, the next best option ideally is a
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model
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54. As your textbook explains, if you plan to use a photograph as a visual aid in a speech, you should usually
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display the photograph with powerpoint.
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55. _____ are especially valuable for showing an audience statistical trends and patterns.
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Graphs
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56. A ___graph is best suited for illustrating simple distribution patterns.
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pie
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57. If you wanted to demonstrate the comparative spending of the United States and Canada on four different kinds of social services, which type of visual aid would be most effective?
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Bar graph
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58. If you were giving a speech about how to execute basic karate moves, the best kind of visual aid to use would probably be
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the speaker
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60. According to your textbook, when you are going to give an audience material to take home from a speech, you should usually distribute the material
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after the speech
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61. In an informative speech, the speaker acts as a(n)
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lecture or teacher
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62. According to your textbook, the aims of an informative speech include
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communicating the speakers information clearly, communicating the speaker's information accurately, making the speaker's information meaningful to the audience.
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63. According to your textbook, the questions listeners ask when judging an informative speech include Is the information communicated clearly? Is the information communicated accurately? Is the information made meaningful and interesting to the audience?
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Is the information communicated clearly? Is the information communicated accurately? Is the information made meaningful and interesting to the audience?
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64. As explained in your textbook, "To inform my audience about the steps in creating a rooftop garden" is an example of a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about a(n)
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process
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65. As explained in your textbook, "To inform my audience about the causes of the American Revolution" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about a(n)
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event
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66. "To inform my audience about the major parts of a motion-picture camera" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about a(n)
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object
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67. Speeches about ___ are often more complex than other types of informative speeches.
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concept
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68. Informative speeches about processes are usually arranged in ___ order.
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chronological or topical
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69. Informative speeches about concepts are usually arranged in ___l order
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topica
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70. Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a guideline for effective informative speaking?
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Related the topic directly and personally to your audience
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71. Of all the kinds of speechmaking, ___ speaking is the most complex and the most challenging.
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persuasive
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72. According to your textbook, persuasive speakers have an ethical obligation to
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goals are ethically sound, learn all sides of an issues, present their evidence fairly and accurately
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73. According to your textbook, persuasion is a psychological process in which listeners engage in a _____ with the speaker.
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mental dialogue
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74. As your textbook explains, if you want to persuade a skeptical audience, you need to
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answer the reasons for the audience's skepticism.
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75. The ____ is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.
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target
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76. The three types of questions that give rise to persuasive speeches are questions
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facts, value, and policy.
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77. Persuasive speeches on questions of fact are usually organized in____ order.
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topically
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78. "To persuade my audience that long-term exposure to electromagnetic fields can cause serious health problems" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
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fact
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79. Persuasive speeches on questions of ___ judge whether something is good or bad, right or wrong, fair or unfair.
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value
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80. Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. They are
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need, plan and practicality
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81. What contemporary researchers term credibility, Aristotle termed
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ethos
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82. According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are
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competence and character
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83. According to your textbook, the credibility of a speaker at the end of the speech is called
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terminal credibility.
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84. Evidence and reasoning are the two major elements of persuasion that Aristotle called
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logos
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85. According to your textbook, using evidence in a persuasive speech can
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be more persuasive
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86. When giving a persuasive speech to an audience that opposes your point of view, it is especially important that you use ____ to answer their objections to your views.
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evidence
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87. According to your textbook, a fallacy is an
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error in reasoning
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88. Appeals to audience emotions such as fear, compassion, guilt, or pride are the kinds of appeals that Aristotle referred to as
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pathos
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90. According to your textbook, the strongest source of emotional appeal in persuasive speaking is
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sincerity and conviction
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Adding more slides to your presentation will show you know a lot about your speech topic.
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F
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You should spend approximately two minutes on each slide
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T
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You should use fewer slides with more information on each slide
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F
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When choosing a background image, you should select something exciting that will hold audience attention.
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F
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One of the most important factors in choosing a font is readability for the audience
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T
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In order to retain audience attention you should incorporate sound into your slide transitions
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F
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There is no functional difference between serif and sans-serif fonts in PPT
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F
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30 point font is the smallest size you should normally use in your presentation
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T
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To determine the appropriate font size for your presentation, take the age of the oldest audience member and divide it by two
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T
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Animating the text in your presentation will liven it up to add interest as well as credibility
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F
