question

What is one source of meaning in rhetoric, according to 20th century analytics?

answer

habitual use over time meaning is constructed habitually, in that it's produced over time by habits, repeated in culture.

question

What does Kenneth Burke mean by a terministic screen, and what is the significance of calling it "terministic" in his system of thought?

answer

"a set of symbols that becomes a kind of screen through which the world makes sense to us" He offers the metaphor to explain why people interpret messages differently, based on the construction of symbols, meanings, and, therefore, reality.

question

What are the components of Burke's dramatistic pentad

answer

Act- what is done in language what is performed how it is rhetorically produced what is being done Scene- where the act curried what is the context the where Agent- who performed the act the do-et Agency- the means of acting how the deed was done the how Purpose- the end goal of this act the why

question

What are the two parts of a sign, for Ferdinand de Saussure and other structuralists?

answer

Sign = Signifier (sound/word) and Signified (concept/meaning) Signifier/Signified

question

What is ethos?

answer

Ethos is the dynamic relationship someone has with its audience. It is Greek for "character" and "habit". The speaker must prove credibility and trustworthiness.

question

What is dramatism, and why is this theoretical position named as such?

answer

Dramatism examines the ways in which we use language in the format of dramatic action. It is Burke's method for analysis. Concerned with how people manage symbols for social coordination. Through the analysis of how language is used, we gain insights into motives that impel human actors to do what they do and why. was named this because it mirrors a play.

question

According to Tonn, Endress and Diamond, Burke has two notions of redemption: What are they, and what are the differences between the two?

answer

Mortification and Victimization

question

What is an ideograph, and what are its characteristics?

answer

A symbol for an abstract idea or an "argument" -Usually political -part of the collective consciousness of a culture ("equality" in US and Soviet Russia have two different meanings)l

question

Who was the archetypal hero in Teddy Roosevelt's myth, according to Dorsey and Harlow?

answer

immigrant hero

question

What does the Ogden and Richards' triangle of meaning teach us?

answer

there is not a single "correct" meaning associated with each and every word because each word means something different to each person, or more simply, meanings don't reside in words, they reside in people Ogden and Richards use the triangle of meaning to link signs and symbols with actual objects. There way is to connect all words to their meanings.

question

What is the greatest television show ever made?

answer

The Wire???? with snot boogy

question

Define the term metaphor, and explain its relation to meaning making.

answer

Metaphor means to "carry over." carries over meaning from one word to another. When we describe something metaphorically, we carry over a set of qualities from the thing. "the essence of metaphor is understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another" -Lakoff and Johnson

question

What are the parts of a metaphor? Be able to identify them.

answer

Principal Subject: the thing talked about Subsidiary Subject: what is applied to principle subject. EX. you are a lion. Principal is you. Subsidiary is Lion

question

What are "associated commonplaces" of a metaphor?

answer

the qualities associated with each of the two subjects. A system of associated commonplaces consists of the standard beliefs that are shared by members of the same speech community when they use a term literally.

question

Name some metaphors central to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech. study guide

answer

"a lonely island of poverty..." "america has given the negro people a bad check which has come back marked 'insufficient funds' but we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt" "Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred." "Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children."

question

What is metonymy?

answer

another name for something arbitrary linking of two things replace literal meaning with another meaning commonly associated with it use words to connect things that are similar. EX. king=crown news=the press white house=the oval office I am mad-I am furious

question

What is Burke's "definition of the human"?

answer

1. Symbol using (misusing) animals 2. Inventor of (or invented by) the negative. (this is a marker, not a table) 3. Separated from his natural condition by instruments of his own making (by desires and emotions we think and decide) 4. Goaded by a spirit of hierarchy (we seek out and identify with symbols that confirm us better somehow) blondes, brunettes, rich and skinny 5. Rotten with perfection

question

Who wrote "Language is a system with no positive terms"?

answer

Saussure/Structuralist view

question

What does Burke mean when he says the human is "rotten with perfection," and how does that statement follow from the other components of his definition of the human?

answer

People feel compelled to pursue what they value, whether its rational or not, whether it's self-destructive or not. Rhetoric can compel behavior. Ex. If you are too thin, you can die from anorexia

question

What are the three principal components of the Toulmin model? If given a written argument, could you identify these three parts?

answer

Data What have you got to go on? Presents the facts and opinions of data Claim Inference drawn as conclusion from data Where you're going with the argument Warrant way in which we connect data and claim why should this claim happen?

question

What are the three subsidiary components of the Toulmin model? If given a written argument, could you identify these three parts as well?

answer

Backing Evidence and argument to support warrant Rebutal States exceptions Reasons why warrant should not hold Qualifier Things you squeeze into time This year, this month

question

According to the reading from John Lye, what is ideology, and how does it function?

answer

a term developed in Marxist tradition to talk about how cultures are structured in ways that enable the group holding power to have the maximum control with the minimum of conflict. Ideologies naturalize, historicize, and eternalize (HEN)

question

Lye offers us a set of questions to ask ourselves when doing an "ideological reading" of a text. Could you pick out of a list what is not on his list?

answer

What are the assumptions about what is natural, just and right? What (and who) do these assumptions distort or obscure? What are the power relations? How are they made to appear as if they are normal or good? What negative aspects are excluded? Look for binaries, oppositions (good/evil, natural/unnatural, tame/wild, young/old). Which term of the binary is privileged, what is repressed or devalued by this privileging of one term over the other? What people, classes, areas of life, experiences, are 'left out', silenced? What cultural assumptions and what 'myths' shape experience and evaluation? What is mystified (e.g. a pastoral setting for cigarette smokers, a gentle rocking chair in a lovely room for motherhood)? I use "myth", also known as "second-order signification," in the sense in which it is used by Roland Barthes: as a sign which refers to a broad, general cultural meaning; see his Mythologies. An experience or event or thing is mystified when a broad cultural meaning obscures the particulars of that experience, event or thing; this obscuring usually covers up or 'disappears' contrary or inconvenient facts, as in the examples I have given. To demystify, pay attention to the particulars, the specifics, the concrete reality, with all its blemishes and contradictions. What enthymemes can you see in the 'logic' of the text? In a general sense, enthymemes are statements which exclude the expression of key assumptions which ground conclusions -- e.g. "Karen studies really hard. She'll ace this exam for sure" Unspoken assumption: What it takes (all it takes?) to 'ace' an examination is hard study. How does the style of presentation contribute to the meaning of the text? Style always contains meaning. What 'utopic kernel', that is, vision of human possibility, appears to lie at the heart of the understanding of the ideology? The assumption is that there will be some vision of the good that drives that ideological perspective's imagination of the world.

question

According to Eagleton, ideologies work using several strategies, two of which are naturalizing and universalizing. What are some others?

answer

Unifying Action-oriented Rationalizing Legitimating

question

What is hegemony, according to Lye and/or Eagleton?

answer

the shaping of our cognitive and affective interpretations of our social world

question

In the article "The Rhetoric of Dehumanization," what did Solomon describe as the scene for the dramatic action? What was the agency?

answer

The scene → Tuskegee in Southern Alabama and the medical and scientific community. The agency → the negro men suffering from syphilis who were the means through which the doctors achieved their purpose Purpose-of increasing their knowledge (researching) of syphilis for the "good of mankind" with no regard for the care and treatment of those men.

question

In the article "Hunting and Heritage on Trial," according to the authors, who was the agent who undertook the dramatic action, and what was the act?

answer

Rogerson was the agent who undertook the dramatic action and the act was the shooting of Wood.

question

What is phronesis, and what is its relationship to ethos?

answer

Phronesis is one of the three parts to ethos. It means "mental habit". Whether the speaker has good sense/wisdom about what they are talking about. Whether they have experience and are well informed. Hausser translates this as "practical wisdom"

question

Define pathos.

answer

Pathos is persuasion by inducing an emotion or feeling in your audience. It is not the emotion displayed but instead the emotion induced. Hausser argues that emotions are judgements.

question

Know Aristotle's three means of persuasion.

answer

Ethos, Pathos, Logos

question

What are topoi?

answer

Topoi, or topics, consist of a set of categories that are designed to help a writer or speaker find relationships among ideas, which in turn helps organize his thoughts into a solid argument. EX time and space

question

In our discussion of Roman additions to rhetoric, we discussed stasis theory. What are some examples of stases? (Hint: Hauser argues that there are four stases, and I added the stasis of "value.")

answer

-Conjecture or Fact (What happened) -Definition: the way in which we define something affects our judgment of it. -Causes/Consequences: helps in evaluating claims. -Procedure: what happens next. -Value: what secures the judgments we make.

question

What is deductive reasoning?

answer

Deductive reasoning begins with generalizations and applies it to specific cases so that if something is true of a class of things in general, it is also true for all members of that class. Ex. all swans are white so if you see a black swan it is not a swan because it is not white.

question

What's the difference between the validity and the soundness of an argument?

answer

Valid if in syllogist form. Sound if all statements are true, including the conclusion.

question

What assumptions and claims do Hariman and Lucaites make about journalistic photography, emotion, and public life in their essay on the Kent State photograph?

answer

Argue the feminization of emotion--Kent State photo was used to dramatize the situation from the female's perspective because, supposedly, a female would have greater emotional impact than a male. Hidden argument that men are the rational and women are the emotional/irrational.

question

For Burke, where do "motives" reside?

answer

Language ACTS and STATES? Ex. heroism resides in his acts and his status as a soldier

question

When considering the public sphere, which of Aristotle's three means of persuasion is typically considered part of it, and which of his means of persuasion has been typically excluded? Why?

answer

pathos because they were seen irrational

question

What are the differences between syllogisms and enthymemes?

answer

Syllogisms are formal and enthymemes are non-formal. An enthymeme is like a syllogism; however, there is a suppressed premise or conclusion

question

What is inductive reasoning?

answer

Inductive reasoning is using specific observations in order to make broad generalizations. Example: White swan, white swan, white swan. in general all swans are white

question

What is the relationship between identification and division for Burke?

answer

the principle of identification creates an ongoing cycle of joining and dividing, creating the need for a new effort to join that will also divide us from something else. when we identify with someone (find that our ways are the same) we are also forgoing its opposing views

question

What are langue and parole, for a structuralist approach to language?

answer

Langue- structure of language system of language synchronic-frozen in time. given time. EX. English, French, German Parole- individual utterance diachronic-language over time. change EX. word. father

question

How does ethos function?

answer

Action, Deeds, Understanding, and Expertise are all ways to create ethos. The two important features of ethos: Ethos is dynamic and Ethos is a caused response Aristotle's belief that a positive assessment of a rhetor's character could well be the most potent of all the available means of persuasion

question

What is the difference between ethos and reputation?

answer

Reputation can come before you and comes with its own baggage. It is something someone has and reputation can not be taught. On the other hand, ethos is not something people have, it is a relationship someone has with their audience

question

What does Hauser mean when he says ethos is a caused response?

answer

Ethos is developed through the rhetors choices of inclusion and exclusion. In other words, how we appear to others depends on the choice we make presenting our message and ourselves. Example: language we select, tone we make, and the nonverbal cues we present

question

What does Hauser mean when he says ethos is dynamic?

answer

Ethos is a dynamic relationship the speaker has with his/her audience. Ethos is developed through the way we talk.

question

sign and symbols

answer

signs are natural representations of something beyond themselves, such as a sound, symbols are specialized types of signs, such as text

question

3 Parts of Ethos

answer

Phronesis aka "mental habit" Arete aka "moral habit" Eunoia aka "emotional habit"

question

What is Arete

answer

Arete is the "moral habit" part of ethos The speaker should show excellence, good character. He/She should develop good character through moral habits. ex. Justice, courage, temperance, generosity, magnanimity, prudence, magnificence.

question

What is Eunoia

answer

Eunoia is the "emotional habit" part of ethos The speaker should show a concern for his/her audience. They should always display goodwill toward your audience ex. praise them, be thoughtful and inclusive

question

How is pathos used

answer

Pathos is used by choosing language and metaphors that convey emotion

question

Logos

answer

the argument it makes. the content of the speech and how it is organized.

question

How is logos used

answer

Through developing good reasons, the rhetor makes persuasive case. Inductive Reasoning and Deductive Reasoning

question

What are types of inductive reasoning?

answer

Examples (Paradigms) use examples to prove their claims.

question

Deductive Argument

answer

A deductive argument is an argument that is intended by the arguer to be (deductively) valid, that is, to provide a guarantee of the truth of the conclusion provided that the argument's premises (assumptions) are true. If a valid argument has true conclusions, then the argument is said to be sound.

question

What are types of deductive reasoning?

answer

Syllogism (Formal) Enthymemes (Non-Formal)

question

Syllogism

answer

Form of deductive reasoning. There is 1 major premise, 1 minor premise, and 1 conclusion. Example: MP: All students take courses. mp: All who take courses get grades Conclusion: All students get grades

question

Enthymemes

answer

Form of deductive reasoning. like a syllogism but has a suppressed premise or conclusion. Example: Bob is a student; therefore, Bob is registered in class. Suppressed premise is that All students register in classes.

question

Why are enthymemes important

answer

There is a common ground that is unsaid. There is a linking premise that is particularly targeted at a belief The audience must link the expressed with the unexpressed, which joins the audience to the rhetoric.

question

Soundness of an argument

answer

We call an argument "sound" if the argument is valid AND all the statements, including the conclusion, are true. All sound arguments are valid, but not all valid arguments are sound.

question

Validity vs Cogency vs Soundness.

answer

If an argument is written in the form of a syllogism, then it is a "valid" argument; if the premises are true, then the argument is "cogent" (meaning the conclusion is likely to be true); if the argument is "sound," that means every part of the syllogism--but especially the conclusion, is true.

question

What is the Toulmin model? and why?

answer

Stephen Toulmin created a two fold objection to Aristotle's syllogistic logic: 1. People don't talk in syllogisms. 2. Syllogism is sensitive to difficult reasoning patterns.

question

Toulmin Model example about Red Sox in World Series

answer

Claim: Red Sox will win the world series Data: The batting averages and statistics of the team Warrant: Historically connecting statistics with world series champions/successors Backing: I got this information from a trustworthy source Rebutal: unless something happens to a player. their health. someone gets hurt Qualifier: this year

question

3 Characteristics of Topoi

answer

Contentless: have no proper subject Analytic: helps us discover dimensions of a subject. Heuristic: lead us to discover new things to say

question

Konoi Topoi and examples

answer

Common Places. 1. Possible/Impossible 2. Past and Future Fact 3. Degree: More or Less

question

Types of Topoi (8)

answer

Desirability Feasibility Existence/Non Existence Spatial Attributes Motion Capacity to change Quantity Causality

question

What are three characteristics of language and symbols (Defamiliarization)

answer

1. Arbitrary 2. Conventional 3. Differentially

question

Human Language is Arbitrary (and example)

answer

there is no connection between the word (sound) and concept (meaning) we refer to meanings not things. Ex. The Wire Season 1 Snot Boogy. When the guy was a little kid, he had snot boogies, so his friends took the meaning of snot boogy and started calling him that.

question

Human Language is Conventional

answer

meaning arises through context and habitually through experiences, we tie words and things together Ex. Duke. Different meanings are tied to duke here than they are over at duke

question

Human Language is Differentially

answer

we know words based on their distinction of other words. we can define something based on what it is not.

question

3 Steps for Analyzing any metaphor

answer

1. Find different parts of metaphor 2. Pull out meanings of each part 3. Sort them/Rank them

question

Johnson and Metaphors

answer

he argues that metaphors are meant to be systematic we use metaphors to grasp ideas Ex. time is money

question

MLK metaphors (own and in notes)

answer

"I have a dream" meant to evoke. stands for unreality and relates to American dream. "live on a lonely island of poverty" meant to evoke feelings that they're shipwrecked. being forgotten about and ignored "we've come to our nations capitol to cash a check" they refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. when the constitution was written, they gave checks to everyone except African americans.

question

Myths

answer

important part of a community's existence and they express our experiences of ourselves to produce clearness

question

Kenneth Burke's 3 Rules of Action

answer

1. There can be no action without motion 2. There can be motion without action 3. Action is not reducible (simplified) to terms of motion

question

Adolf Hitler and Rhetoric

answer

In 1930s, Germans were upset about economy and were looking to not be losers. In Hitlers telling, they were not losers but instead they were victims that were betrayed by Jews. Germans motivated to believe this to be true because it gave them hope. Hitler did not have any hard evidence, just a convincing rhetorical story.

question

What did Burke say was the fundamental element of persuasion

answer

identification As we listen to someone speak, we think how similar the person is to us.

question

define identification

answer

the perceived sympathy, empathy, or analogy between the speaker and the audience

question

Two ways of approaching problems

answer

1. Mortification sort of cleaning affirmative mortifies themselves in something like fate 2. Victimization finding the bad guy and ruling them out affirmative the community is victim and community is responsible

question

How does meaning arise and produce

answer

1. Meaning arises in context words that are produced effect the world that we see terminsitic screen 2. Meaning is produced through metaphors 3. Meaning is produced through structure interested in what is being signified and the meaning that goes with it

question

What are the three parts to Ogden and Richards' triangle of meaning?

answer

1. Symbol 2. Think 3. Referent

question

Ogden and Richards triangle of meaning in regards to an example of a panda

answer

1. symbol-word panda 2. think-whatever comes to mind when you hear the word 3. Referent-live panda

question

Why is the triangle of meaning line dotted between Symbol and Referent? and when does it fill in?

answer

It is dotted because it is not direct. there is a problem with mediating it through meaning. mediated by concept, reference and thought What fills the line is "fantasy". through persuasive action, what we try to do is what fills that line

question

catachresis

answer

harsh or abusive metaphor

question

Public Sphere

answer

Habermas. circulatory system of discourse where meanings are circulated/shared symbols. mediates between individual citizens and the state

question

Consubstantiality

answer

when we produce in language we are actually producing a common substance. or a substance that can exist along one another. This is what rhetoric is all about for Burke

question

Example of Concept. Bill Clinton's DNC Speech

answer

Ethos

question

Example of Concept: Hariman and Lucaites on Kent State

answer

Pathos

question

Example of Concept: Ronald Reagan's 40th Anniversary D-Day Speech

answer

Logos

question

Types of figures

answer

Antithesis Anaphora Antistrophe Interlacement Anadiplosis

question

Antithesis

answer

putting opposites together led to popularity of style EX: "one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind"

question

Anaphora

answer

repeated beginnings of successive words or phrases EX. We shall not fight, We shall not go on, We shall not fly

question

Antistrophe

answer

repeated endings of phrases EX. "a government of the people, by the people, and for the people"

question

Interlacement

answer

repeated beginnings and endings of sentences EX. "Who are they who have walked? Lails. Who are they who have ran? Lails. Who are they who have sprinted? Lails"

question

Anadiplosis

answer

doubled or repeated words in last clause of one sentence and first clause of next.

question

3 Figures of Speech

answer

Ornamentation- playing with language, catching attention Practical Purposes- emphasizing key points, complex ideas in accessible terms Meaning-Making- expressing experiments, shift understanding, create meaning

question

Repetition of Sound Concepts

answer

Alliteration Rhyme Assonance

question

Alliteration

answer

Repetition of initial sounds of words EX. Peter piper picked a pickle

question

Rhyme

answer

repetition of final sounds EX. mind can conceive it, heart can believe it, i can achieve it

question

Assonance

answer

repetition of middle sounds EX. I must confess that in my chest i felt depressed and restless

question

Klimax

answer

progression layering of ideas and images

question

Asyndeton

answer

omitting conjunctions and connective words to speed the sentence up and placing emphasis on clauses or verbs. Ex: He received applause, prize, money.

question

Tropes

answer

figures of speech that later a word or phrase from its proper meaning to another substituting a word or phrase by a less literal one

question

Example of Concept. MLK's "I have a dream" speech

answer

Metaphor

question

3 Examples of Tropes

answer

Metaphor Metonymy Synecdoche

question

Synecdoche

answer

representation: substituting a part for the whole or a whole for the part EX. mouths to feed (people)

question

Structuralism and what it challenges

answer

"underlying structures of signification" challenges empiricism- all words refer to mental images of things challenges pragmatist- use of a word gives it its meaning

question

Sassure

answer

language examined independently of its referents language is a system of differences schema of the sign langue and parole

question

3 Parts of a Myth

answer

Universal- motivation for characters actions Protagonist- person in identity Narrative- relationship between universe and protagonist

question

Frontier Myth

answer

Universal- North America Protagonist- immigrants Narrative- right of passage, day to day life

question

Kenneth Burke

answer

Definition of Human Identification Motives Terministic Screen Dramatism Pentad

question

3 things about vocabulary of motives

answer

express perceptions of actions justify our/others actions makes sense of other ways of acting

question

Simple version of terministic screens

answer

partial perspective that conceals alternative interpretations

question

Simple version of dramatism

answer

metaphor of stage drama to understand human motivation

question

Example of Concept. Kennedy's Address to the Nation

answer

The Pentad

question

David Ling Pentad

answer

content analysis-see how the speaker views the world description reveals what one regards as the appropriate response to the situation EX.Hunting and Heritage on Trial

question

Hegemonic

answer

processes that shape interpretations of the social world (non-violent). [processes of direction, guidances, socialization and reasons to shape]

question

Michael Foucault

answer

interested in relations of power at different levels of society and interested in power and knowledge and how they are used for social control. production of knowledge and development of institutions role of discourses

question

Ideograph (McGee)

answer

-ordinary -abstract -no single meaning -positive or negative -legitimate -equivocal, ambiguous -historical -flexible

question

Ideology does three things

answer

Naturalizes-makes "the way things are" seem natural and necessary Historicizes-makes present seem logical/necessary/ conclusion to long historical sequence Eternalizes-phenomena just "are"

question

Stasis

answer

ways in which an argument can begin, a common point of dispute

question

Malinowski claimed that meaning of language depends on its _____?

answer

use

question

meanings develop through what?

answer

the interaction of symbols within contexts

question

definition of meaning

answer

significance of an utterance as it emerges from a context of usage and the perceptions that it invites

question

"Rhetoric is the faculty of discovering in any particular case all of the available means of persuasion"

answer

Aristotle, classical rhetoric, 5th century

question

"Rhetoric is mode of altering reality, not by the direct application of energy to objects, but by the creation of discourse, which changes reality through mediation of thought and act"

answer

Lloyd Bitzer

question

"Rhetoric is the study of discourses, events, objects, and practices that attends to their character as meaningful, legible, partisan, consequential...[and] public"

answer

Carole, Blair, Dickinson, and Brian Ott

question

"Rhetoric is the study of misunderstandings and their remedies"

answer

I.A. Richards, modern day

question

"Rhetoric is...the use of language as a symbolic means of inducing cooperating in beings that by nature response to symbols"

answer

Kenneth Burke, modern day

question

"Rhetoric is the study of producing discourses and interpreting how, when, and why discourses are persuasive"

answer

Keith and Lundburg

question

Publicity Principle

answer

You need to be able to publicize your own opinion on an issue

question

Mike Warner

answer

Reformulated the idea of the public sphere by saying that there is not one public sphere, but instead there are publics. Claims that publics exist by means of being addressed EX. called into being public officials by the public

question

Lundenburg and the public sphere

answer

His argument that a public is a metaphor for an organized site of investment and it organizes texts, investments

question

Binaries

answer

Two terms set in opposition of each other Ex. Natural food vs processing

question

What are the two binaries in McGee's work of ideographs

answer

materialism and idealism

question

define action

answer

action refers to the type of behavior that becomes possible with the use of symbols

question

define motion

answer

a clump of matter in orbit around another clump of matter

question

The Sophists

answer

professions known for teaching arete

question

Teacher of rhetoric in Roman Republic

answer

Quintillian

question

Noumenal World

answer

world of "ideal forms"

question

Deliberative speech

answer

Aristotle genre of speech that deals with the future

question

Epideictic Speech

answer

A speech genre of praise or blame

question

Famous roman rhetor and politician

answer

cicero

question

Encomium of Helen

answer

famous speech by Gorgias

question

Platos method for discovering the truth

answer

the dialectic

question

For the main influence on the rise of rhetoric in ancient Greece

answer

Geography

question

What are the three components of a rhetorical situation

answer

Exigence Audience Constraint

question

3 different problems of the issue (public sphere)

answer

Ownership Causal Responsibility Political Responsibly

question

Ownership (public sphere problem)

answer

-who owns/controls an issue -who rhetorically persuaded us to have ownership of a public issues EX. Mothers against drunk driving

question

Causal Responsibility (public sphere problem)

answer

-who caused this issue EX. Alcohol company caused drunk driving

question

Political Responsibility (public sphere problem)

answer

-who is obligated to help solve this problem EX. Advertisements of drunk driving need to be more influential

question

Why is it significant that there are many different definitions of rhetoric that are similar.

answer

even though there are several different views of the field of rhetoric, they all boil down to something similar. The idea of persuasion, discussion, and the communicating of ideas. if the definitions weren't at all similar, it wouldn't really be a field that we could study because few people would agree on anything.

question

What is the central claim of Hunting and Heritage on trial

answer

the tragedy itself and its divisive aftermath can be understood only in terms of a symbolic drama, one rooted in evolving traditions and communities and motivated by a desire by many to stem the tide of social change.

question

Pentad of Hunting and Heritage-Mortification

answer

Act: Manslaughter/killing of Karen Wood Scene: Woods/illegal range. he was 284 ft from residence supposed to be 300 Agent: David Rogerson Agency: gun, gun ownership and responsibility Purpose: Negligence, carlessness

question

Pentad of Hunting and Heritage-Victimization

answer

Act: Death of Karen Wood Scene: Woods; territory of hunter, off her property Agent: Karen Wood (from far away) Agency: clothing-two white mittens, wrong clothing for hunting grounds Purpose: Interference

question

Dehumanization Pentad

answer

Act: experiment Scene: Tuskegee, Alabama and the medical/scientific environments Agent: the doctors Agency: the 600 negro men with syphillis as poor, illiterate and trusting Purpose: to gain knowledge about the disease

Comm 170 – Flashcard

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards