question

amendment that abolished slavery

answer

13th

question

Which of the following was characteristic of modern industrial America after the Civil War?

answer

All of these (The rapid spread of technological innovation and the factory system, the impulse to drive rivals out of buisness and consolidate monopolistic power, and the exploitation of immense coal deposits as a source of cheap energy)

question

How did Andrew Carnegie revolutionize the steel industry?

answer

All of these (He incorporated the Bessemer process in his steel-manufacturing factories, he standardized workplace procedures to achieve greater efficiency, and he utilized vertical intergration to minimize costs and maximize profits)

question

Besides the fact that its all-inclusive membership undermined its unity, why did the Knights of Labor collapse in the late 1880s?

answer

Its use of strikes in the mid-1880s led to great backlash

question

At the end of the Civil War, what communications system did the railroads use to coordinate their complex flow of rail cars?

answer

The telegraph

question

Andrew Carnegie learned many of the successful management methods he used in the steel industry when he worked as a(n)

answer

Employee of the Pennsylvania Railroad

question

Who founded Standard Oil?

answer

John Rockefeller

question

Which of the following was one of the secrets of John D. Rockefeller's success?

answer

He paid attention to the minutest details

question

What did the Sherman Anti-Trust Act do?

answer

None of these (It fined violators up to $5 million and called for up to ten years in jail for individuals creating monopolies, it was interpreted by the Supreme Court in ways sympathetic to labor unions, and it clearly defined controversial terms like "trust" and "restraint of trade" for the first time)

question

How did the Supreme Court, in the "United States V. Knight Company", diminish the effectiveness of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?

answer

It ruled that manufacturing was not interstate commerce

question

*Which of the following did Thomas Edison invent?

answer

Phonograph

question

What did Henry Grady advocate?

answer

He advocated diversifying the economy and expanding industrial production in the South

question

By the 1880s, what had happened to most southern farmers?

answer

they had left the land to become industrial workers because western competition drove southern farms out of buisness

question

Who supported the New South creed?

answer

Industrialists who believes that the South's natural resources and cheap labor made it a natural site for industrial development

question

Who led the American Railway Union in the Pullman strike

answer

Eugene Debs

question

How did the industrialization affect skilled craftsmen?

answer

Subdividing the manufacture of a product into smaller jobs meant that an individual no longer manufactured an entire product

question

Which immigrants were most likely to be found in skilled trades in the 1880s?

answer

Germans

question

Why did woman join the work force in growing numbers in the late nineteeth century?

answer

Changes in agriculture brought young farm woman into the industrial labor force, and immigrant daughters worked to supplement meager family incomes

question

What did Terence V. Powderly and the Knights of Labor advocate?

answer

All of these (Immigration restrictions, temperance, the addmission of blacks into local Knights of Labor assemblies, and producer and consumer cooperatives)

question

Which immigrantsin the West bore the brunt of labor hostility in the 1870s and 1880s?

answer

Chinese immigrants

question

How did Horatio Alger influence American society?

answer

He propagated the rags-to-riches idea

question

Yellow dog contracts were contracts In which workers promised not to_____of join a union

answer

strike

question

What was the result of the Haymarket Square bombing in 1886?

answer

intensified animosity toward labor unions

question

Who argued that Capitalists would eventually create their own destruction by driving impoverished workers to revol

answer

Karl Marx

question

What did Adam Smith argue in "The Wealth of Nations"?

answer

A. Self-interest acted as an invisible hand in the marketplace, automatically regulating the supply of and demand for services

question

more militant spokesman for blacks at the turn of the twentieth century;first black man to get Phd. at Harvard, wanted equal rights immediately; wrote "The Souls of Black Folk; thought voting would help blacks with economic stability

answer

W.E.B. Dubois

question

Civil war reconstruction was what kind of process?

answer

political

question

endorsed "bread and butter unionism" and fought for higher wages, shorter hours, and improved working conditions? the first federation of labor unions in the United States. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in May 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association, and leaad by Samuel Gompers.

answer

American Federation of Labor

question

first national labor federation in the United States. Founded in 1866 and dissolved in 1873 because of the depression of 1873. It was uneffective because it wont strike as its members didn't want to look "working class" and survival takes place over strikes, but it paved the way for other organizations, such as the Knights of Labor and the AFL (American Federation of Labor).

answer

National Labor Union

question

"Tragedy of American Diplomacy" Revisionist who believed that the us was responsible for the cold war and argued that economic motives had guided American foreign policy at least since the end of the 19th Century, which lead the U.S. into war after war (inc. Cold War) - early example of New Left

answer

William Appleman Williams

question

Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force, first put into effect in Dominican Republic

answer

Roosevelt Corollary

question

built by the U.S. in order to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. It cost $400,000,000 to build. Columbians would not let Americans build it, but then with the assistance of the United States a Panamanian Revolution occurred. The new ruling people allowed the United States to build the canal.

answer

Panama Canal

question

Although a Republican Conservative, he passed a lot of laws to help the poor. 2. Liked by most of U.S population. 3. His motto was "A Square Deal for ALL" 4. He is the first strong president since Lincoln. 5. He is a Progressive President. 6. Ex-military leader (Span.-American War)

answer

Theodore Roosevelt

question

Head of the American Railway Union and director of the Pullman strike; he was imprisoned along with his associates for ignoring a federal court injunction to stop striking. While in prison, he read Socialist literature and emerged as a Socialist leader in America. Became the leader of the Socialist party in the early 1900s and ran as its perennial presidential candidate

answer

Eugene V Debs

question

U.S. organization of both working class and more well-off women formed in 1903 to support the efforts of women to organize labor unions and to eliminate sweatshop conditions; had some success because of women like Anne Morgan and Alva Vanderbilt Belmont

answer

Women's Trade Union League

question

1st woman to graduate from college in 1889; pioneer settlement worker, founder of Hull House settlement house in Chicago, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in woman suffrage and world peace.

answer

Jane Adams

question

The leader of the AF of L between 1886 and 1924, he went after the basics of higher wages and improved working conditions. He knew organized the AFL into categories and knew that when all the category went on strike owners could be pressured into giving in from other businessmen.

answer

Samuel Gompers

question

Crusader for sexual purity Used the federal law (Comstock Law) a Federal law used to prosecute moral and sexual dissidents to enforce his moral views (cant talk about birth control, withdrawal (give up child)

answer

Anthony Comstock

question

three-time democratic nominee; lost presidential election of 1896; only had $300,000 to campaign, grueling by train-stopped at every po-dunk town; committed to changing currency to silver, "Cross of Gold Speech"; democrats in disarray,"platform from hell"

answer

William Jennings Bryan

question

The act of Congress in 1898 that stated that when the United States had rid Cuba of Spanish misrule, Cuba would be granted its freedom.

answer

Teller Amendment

question

In 1887, Congress passed this law at the behest of farmers who sought to forbid price discrimination and other monopolistic practices of the railroads. The commission created by this law had no real power until the Theodore Roosevelt administration, though.

answer

Interstate Commerce Act

question

"Fronteir or Turner Thesis"American historian who argued that the encounter with the ever-recding West had fundamentally shaped America

answer

Frederick Jackson Turner

question

Wanted "utopian" labor ideas for society; everyone equal, no class; workers own factory sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886 but only 100,000 by 1890; fell apart because it was too vague of a concept

answer

Knights of Labor

question

stated that the principle of separate but equal public facilities for African Americans was constitutional.

answer

Plessy vs Ferguson

question

Who wrote "Looking Backward" the book that defined nationalism as a single government-controlled monopoly that distributed the nation's production equally among all the people

answer

Edward Bellamy

question

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

answer

Social Darwinism

question

Cuban War of Independence (1895-1898) was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain; the final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish-American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippine Islands against Spain. Historians disagree as the extent that United States officials were motivated to intervene for humanitarian reasons but agree that yellow journalism exaggerated atrocities attributed to Spanish forces against Cuban civilians.

answer

cuban revolution 1895

question

started and monopolized the steel industry; set the standard for new steel mills. Carnegie was an advocate of Social Darwinism and believed that unrestricted competition would eliminate weak businesses. He also thought that a concentration of wealth was a natural result of capitalism, but that it should be given back to society. ECONOMIC & CULTURAL.

answer

Andrew Carnegie

question

strike lead by Eugene Debs who encouraged no violence but which brought about a shut down of western railroads, and took place against the Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago in 1893, because of the poor wages of the Pullman workers. It was ended by the president Cleveland due to the interference with the mail system, and brought a bad image upon unions. Debs goes to prison

answer

Pullman Palace Car Strike

question

violent steel mill strike of 1892 in Pittsburgh over a lock out follwing a decision to cut wages by nearly 20%, and ended with the destruction of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel workers, probably the largest craft union at the time. Union workers had had a friendly relationship with Carnegie's company until Henry Frick became President and wanted to cut costs

answer

Homestead Steel Mill Strike

question

unusually skillful business organizer. He founded Standard Oil Company and the Standard Oil Trust, which dominated American oil refining. Like others of his ilk, he sought to stabilize his industry, reduce competition, and maximize profits.

answer

John d. rockefeller

question

suffragist but believed that it would be more successful to advocate that women could bring a mother / wife perspective to politics. She became leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. CULTURAL & POLITICAL.

answer

Frances Willard

question

Settlement house founded by progressive reformer Jane Adams in Chicago in 1889 which provided English lessons for immigrants, daycares, and child care classes

answer

Hull house

question

riot led by the knights of labor in Chicago. It began as an attempt to secure an 8 hour work day. 12 people were killed when an anarchist threw a bomb into a column of policemen. This act of violence was linked to the Knights of Labor and was a major setback to their cause

answer

Haymarket square bombing

question

1882 act that excluded Chinese immigrant workers for ten years and denied U.S. citizenship to Chinese nationals living in the United States.

answer

Chinese Exclusion Act

question

act of 1883 - federal legislation that created a system in which federal employees were chosen based upon competitive exams. This made job positions based on merit or ability and not inheritance or class. It also created the Civil Service Commission.

answer

Pendleton Act

question

amendment that stated Cuba could not make any treaty with another nation that would weaken its independence or allow another foreign power to gain territory in Cuba. 2. Cuba had to allow the US to buy or lease naval stations in Cuba. 3. Cuba's debts had to be kept low to prevent foreign countries from landing troops to enforce payment. 4. The US would have the right to intervene to protect Cuban independence and keep order.

answer

Platt amendment

question

Act that allowed a settler to acquire as much as 160 acres of land by living on it for 5 years, improving it, and paying a nominal fee of about $30 - instead of public land being sold primarily for revenue, it was now being given away to encourage a rapid filling of empty spaces and to provide a stimulus to the family farm, turned out to be a cruel hoax because the land given to the settlers usually had terrible soil and the weather included no precipitation, many farms were repo'd or failed until "dry farming" took root on the plains , then wheat, then massive irrigation projects

answer

homestead act

question

The leader of the Knights of Labour, who helped the society to go public in 1881. He advocated a variety of reforms including 1) worker cooperatives "to make each man his own employer," 2) abolition of child labour, and 3) abolition of trusts and monopolies.

answer

Terence Powderly

question

*Why was the interstate commerce commission established?

answer

to investigate and oversee railroad activities

question

*Which immigrants in the West bore the brunt of labor hostility in the 1870s and 1880s?

answer

Chinese immigrants

question

*amendment meant to protect the black voters

answer

15th

question

* Rebuked the government for constantly violating Indian treatie

answer

Helen Hunt Jackson

question

*Impeached for attempting to fire secretary of state Edwin Stanton in violation of Tenure of Office Act

answer

Andrew Johnson

question

*aided former slaves and war refugees adjust to life after the Civil War

answer

Freedman's bureau

question

*System in which poor farmers would rent land from large landowners in exchange for half the crop produced on the land

answer

sharecropping

question

*Which statement describes southern black education during reconstruction?

answer

it advanced but remained quite limited

question

*The first transcontinental railroad was a. financed entirely by private capital, with no government subsidy. b. chartered originally by the Confederacy, in its hopes to take over the West, and then continued by the Union after the South's defeat. c. completed in 1869 with the joining of the Union Pacific and Central tracks in Utah. d. built primarily with forced labor of Sioux, Cheyenne, and Comanche prisoners of war and black slaves.

answer

c

question

Historian who put forth the idea that the frontier was key to the American character

answer

Frederick Jackson Turner

question

In the late nineteenth century, child labor was ______ in the coal mines and cotton mills.

answer

common

question

What was the result in the Haymarket Square bombing in 1886?

answer

intensified animosity toward labor unions

question

moral purity crusader

answer

Anthony Comstock

question

How did the settlement-house movement distinguish itself from other urban social-welfare organizations?

answer

It insisted that charity workers live in slum neighborhoods to better understand the living conditions of the poor.

question

Who became famous for cross-of-gold speech in 1896 presidential election?

answer

William Jennings Bryan

question

In late 19th century cases dealing with the rights of blacks, what did the Supreme Court decide?

answer

racial segregation was constitutional provided that each race held separate but equal facilities

question

asserted that the United States had no interest in sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control of Cuba.

answer

Teller Amendment

question

argued that black americans should acquire useful skills and patiently accept their lot until racism faded

answer

Booker T. Washington

question

The intention of the Fourteenth Amendment was to

answer

protect the citizenship right of males

question

laws passed by southern state legislatures to restrict the freedoms of blacks.

answer

Black codes

question

What do Howard, Atlanta, and Fisk universities, and Hampton Institute have in common?

answer

They were all predominantly black institutions that were established in the years immediately following the Civil War.

question

In order to convince southern Democrats to accept the election of Rutherford B. Hayes as president, what did Republican backers of Hayes promise?

answer

to remove the remaining federal troops from the South.

question

Which one of the following was a result of the impeachment and trial of President Andrew Johnson?

answer

A precedent was established against the impeachment of presidents solely on political grounds

question

Which of the following statements accurately describes most Great Plains Indians in the mid-nineteenth century?

answer

They hunted the migratory buffalo herds and utilized the all of the animal's body

question

The 1887 Act was designed to undermine tribal bonds by treating Indians as individuals.

answer

Dawes Severalty

question

Which of the following statements best describes the attitude of western state governments regarding woman suffrage?

answer

They generally supported woman suffrage, sometimes hoping that it would attract women, families, and economic growth.

question

outlawed trusts and other monopolies that fixed prices in restraint of trade.

answer

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

question

In what type of building did most urban poor people live in the late 19th century?

answer

tenements

question

Who established Hull House?

answer

Jane Addams

question

During the late nineteenth century, the working-class saloon was not

answer

a meeting place for husbands and wives.

question

In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that

answer

separate but equal facilities for the different races were constitutional.

question

asserted that the United States had no interest in sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control of Cuba.

answer

Teller Amendment

question

Which of the following was not one of the approaches the United States used in dealing with Cuba in the years after the Spanish-American War?

answer

by cancelling most American investments in the island.

question

What happened in the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?

answer

Filipino resistance fighters fought a protracted and bloody guerrilla war against United States rule.

question

was a form of urban politics where local politicians, known as bosses, dominated urban areas.

answer

Machine politics

question

Which of the following functions was not typically performed by political bosses and precinct captains?

answer

The ran settlement houses.

question

were a method of imposing strict segregation in things like streetcars, trains, schools, parks, public buildings, and cemeteries.

answer

Jim Crow laws

question

What did Booker T. Washington believe was the best way for blacks to improve their status in the United States?

answer

They should accommodate themselves to segregation and disfranchisement while at the same time working hard and proving their economic value to society.

question

What might be considered Theodore Roosevelt's most enduring domestic legacy?

answer

increasing public interest in environmental conservation

question

was the author of The Souls of Black Folk.

answer

W. E. B. Du Bois

question

Which black leader became the chief spokesman for the new civil rights movement and helped to found the Niagara movement and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?

answer

W.E.B. DuBois

question

Founded in 1886 by Samuel Gompers, the American Federation of Labor:

answer

restricted membership to only skilled workers.

question

3.The American Federation of Labor's founder Samuel Gompers used the idea of "freedom of contract" to:

answer

argue against interference by judges with workers' right to organize unions.

question

4.Which statement about the American Federation of Labor in the early twentieth century is FALSE?

answer

The AFL proposed an overthrow of the capitalist system.

question

5. What did the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine state?

answer

the US would intervene to establish peace

question

6. How did Teddy Roosevelt secure the Canal Zone in Panama?

answer

he took panama from Colombia

question

7. Who led the American Railway Union in the Pullman strike?

answer

Eugene Debs

question

8. Eugene V. Debs was:

answer

a Socialist candidate for president.

question

9. Who became the leader of the Socialist party in the early 1900s and ran as its perennial presidential candidate?

answer

Eugene Debs

question

10. Who were the candidates and what were the parties in the 1912 election?

answer

republicans- Taft Socialists- Debs Progressives- Roosevelt Democrats- Wilson

question

12. The Progressive presidents were:

answer

Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.

question

13.President Theodore Roosevelt:

answer

believed the president should be an honest broker in labor disputes.

question

14. In his position as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, why did Theodore Roosevelt order an attack on the Philippines?

answer

wanted to show off the new steel fleet and strike against the spanish dictatorship

question

15. Who used the Sherman Antitrust Act to dissolve J. P. Morgan's Northern Securities Company?

answer

Theodore Roosevelt.

question

The civil-service reformers of the late 1870's and early 1880's wanted a

answer

civil service staffed by gentlemen who needed nothing and wanted nothing from government except the satisfaction of using their talents.

question

During the Gilded Age, baseball was most popular in

answer

urban areas with large working-class populations.

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