question

In his hierarchy of human needs, Maslow argues that some needs must be fulfilled before others become salient. According to this perspective, the most basic need is ______.

answer

physiological

question

You have been asked to present a speech. At what point should you conduct audience analysis?

answer

From the moment you begin planning the speech until after you've spoken

question

Which of the following is the most accurate regarding the demographics of an audience?

answer

Demographics may suggest certain tendencies, but you can never really predict human behavior and response.

question

What should a speaker understand about religious topics?

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We cannot ignore the role of religion in public life and must respect differences.

question

One group refused to sit down with or even acknowledge the other, believing that their own heritage was superior and they should not associate with the lesser group. This lack of respect for other cultures, which has even prompted warfare, is known as _____.

answer

ethnocentrism

question

What is the best way to practice your speech, to make sure you are well prepared, and to help you manage your communication apprehension?

answer

Prepare well in advance, so you can practice for several days prior to your speech.

question

If you experience speech anxiety, one of your goals during this course should be ____.

answer

to manage it, using a variety of techniques

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Speakers with _______ do all they can to avoid speaking in public, even if the "public" is a group of people they know from their church or neighborhood. Even informal speeches to small groups make these people nervous.

answer

trait anxiety

question

The best psychological defense for speech anxiety is ____.

answer

being able to say to yourself that you are prepared

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What is the result of high communication apprehension for students?

answer

They typically interact less, learn less, and earn lower grades than their peers.

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Audience adaptation is best described as ____.

answer

focusing the message on their needs, interests, beliefs, and level of knowledge

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Experts attribute our apparent inability to pay attention to a speech for longer than 12 or 15 minutes at a time to our _____.

answer

watching commercial television

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____ refers to any interference that distorts or interrupts message flow.

answer

Noise

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By listening carefully to others' arguments, we do all of the following EXCEPT ___.

answer

communicate a sense of healthy suspicion in this era of widespread fraud

question

What is the relationship between listening and speaking?

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Listening carefully to others provides insights for effective speaking.

question

How does public speaking compare to a casual conversation?

answer

A speech is more carefully planned, organized, and worded, although a speaker can also employ a conversational style

question

Empathic listening is defined as ______.

answer

listening with the goal of showing understanding and support

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The true value of a speech must be judged by ____.

answer

the outcome for the speaker and the listeners

question

Being a "good citizen" entails _______.

answer

deliberating with others with a view toward arriving at sound collective decisions

question

To get involved in politics today and make a difference, one must ______.

answer

learn to speak in a manner that fosters respect and helps find solutions to problems

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What proportion of U.S. citizens vote, in comparison to voters in other of the world's democracies?

answer

U.S. citizens trail most of the world's other democracies

question

______ helps citizens recognize the difference between an informed opinion and one grounded in ignorance and prejudice, as well as formulate a better opinion themselves

answer

Keeping up with current events from multiple, credible sources and weighing all arguments

question

Public speaking in a democratic society must be ______.

answer

grounded in a strong code of ethics and a commitment to the public good

question

When paraphrasing, what is one's ethical responsibility with regard to citing sources?

answer

Cite a source any time you've used another person's ideas or insights.

question

"If you really hope to make a difference, you can't ignore politics." Why is this statement accurate?

answer

Many of the problems we face are, in the final analysis, political problems.

question

When delivering an extemporaneous speech, you should speak from ____.

answer

a keyword outline

question

In our culture, today's speaker needs to develop ____, which is a willingness to recognize that there are many different ways of giving a good speech and an ability to discover a "better" way whenever a situation seems to demand it.

answer

flexibility

question

Establishing eye contact with listeners is usually a good idea, but here is a helpful guideline to follow:

answer

You need to know the cultural norms for establishing eye contact before choosing the best strategy.

question

To draft your speech most productively and efficiently, you should draft it as you research. To do so, you should _____.

answer

think about the meaning of the information you encounter, recording the idea it suggests while mindful of how it contributes to the goals of your speech

question

What should every researcher keep in mind about the Internet?

answer

Internet sources can be very timely and very useful, but they should not constitute one's sole source of information.

question

Information literacy involves the following:

answer

the ability to recognize when information is needed the ability to locate information the ability to evaluate information the ability to use information effectively

question

Audiences typically prefer the use of _____ in visual communications.

answer

vivid color

question

Researchers have found that human brains extract information more quickly and easily from _____.

answer

an audiovisual message

question

The key to using visual aids effectively is to ____.

answer

control and direct the audience's attention

question

If you aspire to be an effective public speaker, how should you regard keeping up with local, national, and world news?

answer

Doing so allows you to identify potential speech topics and begin forming opinions and arguments.

question

Rene's thesis statement is: "Americans should read more books and should join a fitness club." What common mistake has Rene made in constructing her thesis?

answer

Presenting too many ideas for a single speech

question

Which of the following statements about the ethics of public speaking is true? As ethical speakers we _____.

answer

cannot be completely neutral toward ideas we know or care about

question

As you prepare your speech, it is important to keep in mind that ____.

answer

speaking differs from writing; oral style and written style are not the same

question

Figures of speech should be used to ____.

answer

create interest and enhance understanding

question

Which of the following statements exemplifies the use of precise language?

answer

Hemp fabric is lightweight, durable, and breathable.

question

Which of the following is sound advice to follow when you develop the conclusion of any speech?

answer

The conclusion should be relatively brief.

question

Even when an audience finds a speech interesting, they will wonder about its relevance to them. At what point in the speech should you establish the significance of your topic?

answer

The introduction

question

According to scholars' studies, a carefully organized speech will _____.

answer

enhance credibility as well as promote learning and retention

question

All of the following are good pointers for using note cards for one's delivery EXCEPT ______.

answer

Keep your note cards out of view, as much as possible.

question

_____ allows you to record early thoughts, experiment with different organizational strategies, consider whether evidence "fits" by visualizing the relationship between ideas and supporting material, and endeavor to improve the delivery of your speech.

answer

Outlining

question

What is the best way to think of outlining?

answer

It assists speakers throughout the speech preparation and delivery process.

question

When using testimony, it is important to ____.

answer

quote experts who are not motivated by self-interest

question

To adequately support the assertions made in a speech, a speaker should ____.

answer

use a variety of good evidence, making clear its credibility

question

____ is the degree to which information is agreed upon by experts or is otherwise redundant and verifiable.

answer

Accuracy

question

While researching her speech topic, Peyton began to doubt a source's credibility because its claims seemed exaggerated and were unsubstantiated. What should Peyton do?

answer

Discard the information and look elsewhere

question

A good piece of literature for oral interpretation is

answer

Universal Individual Suggestive

question

One aspect of dramatistic analysis to consider when looking at a piece of literature

answer

Who What Where

question

The best way to form a connection with your audience while performing is

answer

To maintain eye contact throughout the whole performance

question

The author of a piece of literature is the same as the fictional speaker for that piece of literature.

answer

False

question

Oral interpretation means reading a piece of literature to an audience.

answer

False

question

What is the value of speeches wherein we remember the past?

answer

Their value is a clearer understanding of ourselves and the challenges we face.

question

In a ceremonial speech, a speaker's purpose typically is to ______.

answer

articulate and reinforce existing shared beliefs and values

question

These speeches shape our collective identity, remind us of our history and traditions, and imagine the world "as it ought to be rather than as it is."

answer

Ceremonial

question

To say that ceremonial speeches are ritualistic and symbolic is to say that _____.

answer

they are, in some ways, even more important than other types of speeches

question

How might we evaluate this passage from a ceremonial speech? "On this President's Day, let us remember George Washington. As General of the Continental Army, he treated prisoners of war with honor and dignity, repaying their violence with benevolence. Repaying violence with benevolence-now that's an idea! We could learn a lot from General Washington."

answer

It is appropriate as it challenges an audience to reassess its own values even as they celebrate a common hero and a shared history.

question

The ultimate purpose of this type of speech is to help the audience gain some understanding of a theory, concept, process, program, procedure, or other phenomenon.

answer

A speech to inform

question

Which of the following is a technique a speaker might use to help listeners learn?

answer

Involve listeners actively, such as posing provocative rhetorical questions.

question

For his informative speech, Ralph presented research that suggested smoking cigarettes could prove harmful to the smoker's health and others exposed to the smoke. Many of his listeners quickly tuned him out and contemplated other matters instead. What accounts for their boredom and lack of interest in Ralph's speech?

answer

Lack of novelty

question

Jared is helping newcomers to the United States understand how to apply for and obtain citizenship. Which organizational pattern should Jared use to help listeners understand the steps involved and in what order they should proceed?

answer

Chronological/sequential

question

Although the various types of informative speeches are not always distinct, they all share a common goal, which is to _____.

answer

increase audience understanding

question

____ involves reasoning from a set of specific instances or a series of observations to a general conclusion.

answer

Inductive reasoning

question

The essential purpose of the classical tradition of teaching persuasion is to _____.

answer

educate people for democratic citizenship

question

A vibrant, healthy democracy requires ______.

answer

x. citizens who can recognize sound versus deceptive or misleading arguments y. voices that occasionally shatter people's complacency and motivate action

question

Most scholars of speech would define a good argument as _____.

answer

w. one that is complete, with a claim, evidence, and warrant x. one that is worthy of serious consideration by a reasonably intelligent, well-informed, and fair-minded listener

question

The goal of arguing persuasively in a democratic society is to _____.

answer

stimulate discussion and debate of an important public issue

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