College Prep Algebra I Midterm Vocabulary

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algebraic expression
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a collection of numbers, variables, and operations
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base
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the number being multiplied in a power
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domain
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the list of inputs in a function (x)
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equation
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formed when an equal sign (=) is placed between two expressions creating a left and right side
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evaluate
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replacing each variable in an expression by a number
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exponent
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value that shows how many times the base is being multiplied by itself
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function
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a rule that establishes a relationship between two quantities (input/output)
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inequality
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formed when a symbol such as (<) is placed between two expressions
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input
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(x) in a function
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order of operations
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to evaluate an expression with more than one operation
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ordered pair
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A pair of numbers that can be used to locate a point on a coordinate plane (x,y)
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output
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(y) in a function
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power
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an expression that contains a base and exponent
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range
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the list of outputs in a function (y)
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simplify
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to write an expression in a simpler form; also used to indicate "evaluation"
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solution
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the value in place of the variable that makes the equation or inequality true
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variable
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a letter that is used to represent one or more numbers
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absolute value
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The distance a number is from zero on a number line
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coefficient
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A number multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression
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constant
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a term that does not contain a variable in an expression or equation
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coordinate
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a number that identifies a position relative to an axis
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Distributive Property
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a(b + c) = ab + ac; a number outside the parentheses can be multiplied to each term within the parentheses
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integer
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numbers on a number line that can be positive, negative or zero
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like terms
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terms that have identical variables and exponents; when simplifying an expression, you can combine these
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matrix
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a rectangular array of numbers into horizontal rows and vertical columns
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opposites
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two numbers that are the same distance from zero on a number line, but are in opposing directions. (-2 and 2)
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real number
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all rational or irrational numbers; these numbers can be represented on the number line
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reciprocal
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The inverse of a fraction; when multiplied by the original fraction, it results in a product that equals one
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speed
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a rate at which something happens
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terms
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values in an equation or expression that are separated by operations such as multiplying, adding, subtracting, or dividing
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velocity
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speed in a given direction
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Division Property of Equality
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if you divide the same number to each side of an equation, the two sides remain equal
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Addition Property of Equality
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if you add the same number to each side of an equation, the two sides remain equal
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formula
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an expression or equation that is set to solve real-life fundamental principles
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inverse operations
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operations that undo each other, such as addition and subtraction
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linear equation
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an equation whose graph is a line
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Multiplication Property of Equality
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if you multiply the same number to each side of an equation, the two sides remain equal
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ratio
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a comparison of two quantities by division
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simplest form
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an algebraic expression in this form has no like terms and no parentheses; also a fraction that cannot be reduced
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Subtraction Property of Equality
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if you subtract the same number to each side of an equation, the two sides remain equal
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unit rate
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a rate per one given unit, such as 60 miles per one gallon
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constant of variation
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the slope, or rate of change, in the equation y=kx, represented by k
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coordinate plane
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formed by a horizontal number line called the x-axis and a vertical number line called the y-axis
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direct variation
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an equation of the form y=kx, where k does not equal 0
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function notation
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an equation in the form of 'f(x)=' to show the output value of a function, f, for an input value x
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origin
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the point of intersection of coordinate axes (0,0)
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slope
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the steepness of a line on a graph, equal to its vertical change divided by its horizontal change (rise over run)
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slope intercept form
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y=mx+b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept of the line.
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standard form
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Ax + By=C, where A, B, and C are not decimals or fractions, where A and B are not both zero, and where A is not a negative
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x-axis
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the horizontal axis on a coordinate plane
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x-coordinate
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The value on the x-axis used to locate a point on the coordinate graph. It is the first value in an ordered pair.
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x-intercept
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the x-coordinate of a point where a graph crosses the x-axis
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y-axis
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the vertical axis on a coordinate plane
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y-coordinate
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The value on the y-axis used to locate a point on the coordinate graph. It is the second value in an ordered pair.
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y-intercept
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the y-coordinate of the point where the line crosses the y-axis
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Communitive Property
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when adding or multiplying, you can switch the numbers
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Associative Property
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states you can change the groupings of additions or multiplications ex. (4+5)+8=4+(5+8)
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Property of Zero
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any number multiplied by 0 will equal 0
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Identity Property of Multiplication
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the product of any number and 1 is equal to the original number (a x 1 = a)
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Identity Property of Addition
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The property that states: the sum of any number & zero is that number; n + 0 = n
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