Question 1

Which of the following is not a commonly cited factor for high incarceration rates in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Violence in novels and comic books

Question 2

What are the two different philosophies about correctional organizations?

Accepted Answer

Custodial, treatment

Question 3

The \"Administrative Maximum\" prison, or ADX, located in Florence, Colorado, is

Accepted Answer

the only federal supermax in the country

Question 4

Studies show that as inmates face greater restrictions and social deprivations, their levels of social withdrawal:

Accepted Answer

increase and tend to result in depression, hostility, severe anger, sleep disturbances, and anxiety.

Question 5

Given the negative psychological effects of many forms of long-term supermax confinement, researchers such as Craig Haney believe:

Accepted Answer

all such facilities must implement the best and most humane of the available practices, and strict time limits should be placed on the length of time that prisoners are housed in supermax.

Question 6

Cooper v. Pate was one of the earliest prison cases and is significant because in it the Supreme Court first recognized:

Accepted Answer

the use of Title 42 United States Code Section 1983 as a legal remedy for inmates.

Question 7

Johnson v. Avery was one of the first prison-related court decisions that involved an alleged violation of a constitutional rightâhere, the right of:

Accepted Answer

access to the courts

Question 8

In considering censorship of prison inmates\' correspondence, the Court based its ruling not on the rights of the prisoner, but instead on:

Accepted Answer

the free-world recipient\'s right to communicate with the prisoner.

Question 9

Cruz v. Beto, a Supreme Court decision involving the right of inmates to exercise their religious beliefs, involved:

Accepted Answer

a Buddhist who was not allowed to use the prison chapel and was placed in solitary confinement for sharing his religious material with other prisoners.

Question 10

In Bell v. Wolfish, the Supreme Court found searches of inmates\' body cavities to be:

Accepted Answer

proper, saying such practices were reasonable responses to legitimate security concerns.

Question 11

Examples of \"deliberate indifference,\" per the Supreme Court, include all but which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

. Requiring a prisoner to ride a prison van to the hospital, rather than an ambulance

Question 12

Today, prisoners must be given all but which of the following due process rights?

Accepted Answer

ALL OF THE ABOVE - Advance written notice of charges no less than 24 hours before appearing at the hearing  - Ability to call witnesses and to present documentary evidence in his or her defense - Use of counsel substitutes (e.g., a friend or staff member) when the inmate is illiterate or when complex issues require such assistance - An impartial prison disciplinary board

Question 13

As with the police, there are several benefits to be realized for corrections agencies wishing to become accredited; they include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Cost savings with respect to staff salaries

Question 14

Today\'s public ideology toward crime has led to _____ sentencing practices.

Accepted Answer

get-tough

Question 15

The \"just deserts\" theory is based on the idea that:

Accepted Answer

offenders make \"free will\" decisions to commit crimes.

Question 16

The state organization that oversees all of the prisons is often termed the:

Accepted Answer

Central office

Question 17

Who made the highly publicized finding that, in prison programs, \"almost nothing works\"?

Accepted Answer

Martinson

Question 18

Drug-addicted offenders may receive all but which of the following types of treatment?

Accepted Answer

Family Counseling

Question 19

What division of a state\'s central office oversees budget development and new prison construction?

Accepted Answer

Administrative division

Question 20

The administration of local jails is frequently one of the major tasks of:

Accepted Answer

County sheriffs

Question 21

Approximately how many locally administered jails are in the United States?

Accepted Answer

2,800

Question 22

Which of the following is not a feature of the direct supervision jail?

Accepted Answer

All blind spots are removed.

Question 23

Which of the following is not one of the actions that COs must take in the new direct supervision jails?

Accepted Answer

Be more highly trained in self-defense

Question 24

____ is/are seen by many correctional administrators as the major barrier(s) to humane housing of offenders.

Accepted Answer

Crowding

Question 25

The Prison Litigation Reform Act was enacted in an attempt to:

Accepted Answer

decrease frivolous lawsuits brought by inmates.

Question 26

Which of the following is not one of the four main parts of the Prison Litigation Reform Act?

Accepted Answer

Emotional abuse requirement

Question 27

One of the four main parts of the Prison Litigation Reform Act is the filing fee requirement; it mandates

Accepted Answer

that prisoners pay court filing fees in full, even if monthly installments are necessary

Question 28

Which of the following cases would be discouraged under the Prison Litigation Reform Act?

Accepted Answer

An inmate sues because he was served cold soup for lunch

Question 29

Each frivolous or malicious lawsuit or appeal that an inmate files counts as a ______against the inmate

Accepted Answer

strike

Question 30

According to the______ of the Prison Litigation Reform Act, an inmate cannot file a lawsuit for mental or emotional injury unless he or she can also show physical injury.

Accepted Answer

Physical injury requirement

Question 31

Which of the following is not one of the six categories of the administration of probation systems?

Accepted Answer

city

Question 32

A major social problem that prison administrators felt would deal a devastating blow to their inmate populations, but which never materialized, involved:

Accepted Answer

AIDS/HIV

Question 33

Which of the following is not a part of systems theory as applied to probation?

Accepted Answer

Linear planning

Question 34

In systems theory, incarceration rates would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

outcomes

Question 35

In systems theory, policies and procedures would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

resources

Question 36

Which of the following is not a basic service of parole agencies?

Accepted Answer

Parole release

Question 37

According to the systems theory for probation, inputs would include:

Accepted Answer

the probationer coming into the office for counseling.

Question 38

Which of the following is not one of the four goals that jails should attempt to accomplish in preparing inmates for reentry in society?

Accepted Answer

Avoid a complex and time-consuming intake and assessment process

Question 39

After examining the effects of supermax prisons, Pizarro et al. found all but which of the following to be true?

Accepted Answer

These prisons do not present a danger to society beyond that of regular imprisonment.

Question 40

The overriding concern in prisons and jails is, and should be, ____.

Accepted Answer

Security

Question 41

T/F Correctional organizations have two related management subsystems: one that is concerned with managing inmates, the other with managing employees.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 42

T/F The purpose of unit management in prisons is twofold: to decentralize the administration of the prison, and to enhance communication among staff and between staff and inmates.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 43

T/F Today there are over one million people in U.S. prisons and jails.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 44

T/F The mission of corrections agencies has changed little over time.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 45

T/F There are now about 30 supermax prisons in the United States.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 46

T/F Supermax inmates rarely leave their cells; in most, an hour a day of out-of-cell time is the norm.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 47

T/F Supermax prison inmates are primarily distinguished by their large amount of access to vocational or educational training programs.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 48

T/F Given the high degree of isolation and lack of activities, a major concern voiced by critics of supermax facilities is their \"social pathology\" and potential effect on inmates\' mental health

Accepted Answer

True

Question 49

T/F Although there is very little research concerning the effects of supermax confinement, some authors point to isolation research that shows far lower levels of problems in such facilities.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 50

T/F Female inmates living in a high-security unit have been found to experience claustrophobia, chronic rage reactions, depression, hallucinatory symptoms, withdrawal, and apathy.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 51

T/F Because of their relatively recent origin, the constitutionality of supermax prisons has been tested in only a few cases, which resulted in those prisons being shut down.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 52

T/F Historically the courts followed a \"hands off\" policy regarding prisons and prisoners\' rights, deeming prisoners to be \"slaves of the state.\"

Accepted Answer

True

Question 53

T/F Traditionally, the judiciary wanted to tell wardens how to operate their institutions.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 54

T/F The mid-1960s brought a change of philosophy in the courts regarding prisoners\' rights.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 55

T/ F Prison inmates now retain all the rights of free citizens except for those restrictions necessary for their orderly confinement and for public safety.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 56

T/F Bounds v. Smith said that prisoners have a constitutional right to adequate law libraries or assistance from persons trained in the law.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 57

T/F Procunier v. Martinez invalidated prison mail censorship regulations that permitted authorities to hold back or to censor mail to and from prisoners.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 58

T/F Estelle v. Gamble was the first major prison medical treatment case decided by the Supreme Court, and was where the Court coined the phrase \"deliberate indifference.\"

Accepted Answer

True

Question 59

T/F Deliberate indifference is where the serious medical needs of prisoners involve the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 60

T/F The Wolff v. McDonnell decision was significant because, for the first time, the Supreme Court acknowledged that inmates are entitled to certain due process rightsâ\"fundamental fairness.\"

Accepted Answer

True

Question 61

T/F Ruffin v. Virginia included the rather famous statement that \"There is no iron curtain drawn between the Constitution and the prisons of this country.\"

Accepted Answer

False

Question 62

T/F Unlike police organizations, it is not yet possible for corrections organizations to become accredited.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 63

T/F Since 1978 the American Correctional Association (ACA) has successfully argued against corrections accreditation

Accepted Answer

False

Question 64

T/F The Supreme Court\'s decision in Dogg v. Connelly reinstated the hands-off doctrine on the part of the courts

Accepted Answer

False

CJS 411 (Final) : Chapter 9 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards