Civics Ch. 2 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Socialization
answer
The process of learning how to participate in a group.
question
Social institutions
answer
Systems of values and rules that determine how our society is organized.
question
Rules
answer
Specific expectations about what our behavior should be.
question
Why do people join groups?
answer
People join groups in order to gain a sense of companionship and belonging.
question
What are values?
answer
Standards of behavior.
question
What is the relationship between values and rules?
answer
Values are the basis of rules.
question
Why do groups have rules?
answer
Groups have rules in order to meet everyone's needs.
question
List the five major social institutions found in all societies.
answer
Family, religion, education, the economy, and the government.
question
Why do we need other social institutions in addition to the family? What needs do these other institutions meet?
answer
The family cannot accommodate all needs. For example, the governments makes laws, stops crime, and protects people. Religion helps create a sense of purpose. Education helps to gain knowledge that will be use later in life.
question
Family
answer
The most basic social institution in any society.
question
Blended families
answer
Families made up of adults and their children from previous marriages.
question
How has the family changed over the past century?
answer
Families have become smaller, it's more expensive to raise children, and more women work outside of the home.
question
How does the family form the foundation of society?
answer
The rules you learn at home are often laws of society. For example, your parents scolded you for throwing garbage on the ground, while in society, one can be charged with a fine for littering.
question
What social benefits are provided by the institution of religion?
answer
Religion provides a sense of belonging and moral standards that can be used as ways of life.
question
What causes conflict between people of different religions?
answer
Not all religious groups share the same vales and rules It's difficult to balance the freedom of speech and the freedom of religion.
question
Why do people need an education?
answer
To gain special skills and knowledge we need for a career. It also helps to learn to respect others with different cultures.
question
What needs of society are met by the institution of education?
answer
Society needs trained workers to accommodate all jobs. We also need to prepare citizens to live together as a nation.
question
What have you learned from your education so far that will help you later in adult life?
answer
I've learned how to decipher a large amount of Spanish, so I can understand Spanish if need be.
question
Economy
answer
A system for producing and distributing goods and services to fulfill peoples' wants.
question
Consumer
answer
A person who uses, or consumes, goods and services to satisfy his or her wants.
question
Market
answer
Th place people use to exchange goods and services.
question
Price
answer
The amount you must pay for a good or service in a market.
question
Money
answer
Anything-from beads to coins to checks-that is generally accepted as payment for a good or a service.
question
How does bartering work?
answer
Bartering is trading a good in exchange for another.
question
Why are markets an important part of an economy?
answer
A market is a place in which goods and services can be exchanged. This keeps money flowing through our economy.
question
What is the freedom to compete?
answer
The freedom to compete means you can sell a similar product than another company near you.
question
How does the price of a good or service influence your decision as a consumer?
answer
As a consumer, I decide whether I have enough money and whether the price is fair.
question
List at least one way the American economy does not work for people.
answer
You're free to pursue any job you wish, but that doesn't necessarily mean you'll get that job.
question
How does the American economy work for most people?
answer
If someone makes an agreement with you, they can't legally break it.
question
Monarchy
answer
A form of government in which all or most of the power is in the hands of one individual, the monarch.
question
Dictatorship
answer
A government controlled by one person called a dictator.
question
Democracy
answer
A system in which the power is shared by all of the people.
question
Patriotism
answer
The demonstration of love and devotion to one's country.
question
Political socialization
answer
The process of learning how to behave politically.
question
What are the roles of government?
answer
Keeping the peace, protecting the country, providing necessary services, and maintaining other institutions.
question
What kinds of problems would result if the government did not provide public services?
answer
There would be no order to the way roads were built, people would disagree over how to deal with crime, and we would have no proper way to defend the nation.
question
How do most dictators come to power?
answer
Dictators usually take power by force when the government is weak or has lost public support.
question
How is a democratic government different from a dictatorship?
answer
In a democracy, the people vote to elect officials to run the country, while in a dictatorship, a person takes power by force.
question
What is the role of the constitution in a democracy?
answer
The constitution tells what the government can and cannot do.
question
How can people help make or change the laws?
answer
People can express their opinions and work with others to try to change laws.
