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Along with the enjoyment of fundamental rights comes a responsibility to ensure

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their strength and endurance.

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This prohibits government from unduly interfering with the freedom of religion.

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free exercise clause

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If you go to a school operated by a church or religious group, you go to a

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parochial school.

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This case on the establishment clause still stands as the benchmark for state aid to parochial schools.

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Everson v. Board of Education

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Censorship of information before it is published is called

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prior restraint.

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Without this freedom there would be no political parties and no interest groups to influence the action of government.

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freedom of assembly

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If you advocate revolution, you will be punished for

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sedition.

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This is false speech.

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defamatory speech

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This regulates radio and television.

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FCC

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Labor unions have the right to

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picket

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Political debate is made possible in the United States because in most cases the courts prohibit

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prior restraint.

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Who are the keepers of this country's rights?

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citizens

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The Constitution of the United States guarantees certain basic rights in the

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Bill of Rights.

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This extends the Bill of Rights protection to include all levels of government.

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incorporation

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Written defamatory speech is called

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libel

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This freedom is NOT protected under the Bill of Rights.

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freedom to use fighting words

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The Court has held that prior restraint is permitted only for purposes of

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national security.

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Newspaper reporters may be protected by

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shield laws.

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In Turner Broadcasting Inc. v. FCC (1997) the Court ruled that cable operators are not entitled to maximum __________.

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First Amendment protection.

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The mass extermination of Jews by Nazis in World War II was the

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Holocaust.

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The Fourteenth Amendment

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expanded individual rights.

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The First Amendment guarantees freedom of religion. Identify this clause, which guarantees that government will not favor one religion over another.

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establishment clause

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In his response to the Connecticut Congregational Church, Thomas Jefferson strongly supported the First Amendment, which guarantees freedom of religion. What phrase did Jefferson use in his response that became the established explanation for the relationship between the U.S. government and religion?

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separation of church and state

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Study the chart and identify this case, in which the Supreme Court tackled the controversial issue of "separation of Church and State."

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Everson v. Board of Education

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According to the critics of this New Jersey law, which clause did the government violate when it funded the busing of parochial school children? Choose the answer that best completes the chart.

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establishment clause

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Study the flow chart, summarizing the Supreme Court's rulings on the establishment clause regarding religion and public schools. Based on the Court's trend, future cases related to this matter will most likely

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limit prayer and religious activity in schools.

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What decision involving prayer in schools did the Supreme Court hand down in 1992?

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banned clergy-led prayer at public school graduations

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The Supreme Court's ruling in Westide Community Schools v. Mergens specifically permitted

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student-led Bible study on school premises.

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Which of the following provisions passed by Congress influenced the Supreme Court's ruling in Westside Community Schools v. Mergens?

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Equal Access Act

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In the Supreme Court decision Reynolds v. United States, the Court ruled that George Reynolds' religious beliefs did not justify his violation of federal law. Which of the following provisions did the Supreme Court apply to this decision?

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Free Exercise Clause

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The First Amendment forbids laws "prohibiting the free exercise of religion." However, the Supreme Court distinguishes between belief and practice. What effort was made to overturn the principle established in Oregon v. Smith, which denied people the right to perform religious rituals that did not comply with federal laws?

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President Clinton enacted the Religious Freedom Restoration Act.

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The Supreme Court case Minersville School District v. Gobitis dealt with the free exercise clause. Three years after its first ruling on the matter, the Court reversed its decision on the subject. Complete the chart, identifying the case that led to the Supreme Court ruling these laws unconstitutional.

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West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette

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The Supreme Court's ruling in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette protected a student's right to do all of the following EXCEPT:

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lead a Bible study during school hours

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There are several types of "speech." Some forms are protected by the First Amendment and others are not. Identify this form of speech, which is afforded the strongest protection.

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pure

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Although the First Amendment grants citizens the freedom of speech, there are several types of "speech." Some forms are not protected by the First Amendment. Identify this form of speech, which is often the subject of debate and even Supreme Court cases.

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symbolic speech

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The First Amendment right to free speech is very important, and the Supreme Court has established general guidelines it uses to create and maintain limits on speech. Complete the chart, identifying the three guidelines used by the Court in its decision-making process.

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Bad Tendency Doctrine

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Which rule or doctrine did the Supreme Court use when making its decision in Schenck v. United States?

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clear and present danger rule

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The First Amendment does not protect all forms of speech. Which type of speech encompasses slander and libel?

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defamatory speech

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What additional step might a judge take to keep press coverage from interfering with a trial?

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sequestering a jury

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What factor contributed to the Supreme Court's 1973 ruling in Miller v. California?

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states' rights

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heart of United States political system

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human rights

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United States citizens

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keepers of this country's rights

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Bill of Rights

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first 10 amendments

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extends Bill of Rights' protection

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incorporation

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spoken defamatory speech

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slander

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freedom of assembly

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right to parade in public

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protects reporters

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shield laws

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verbal speech

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pure speech

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symbolic speech

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action and symbols

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safeguards individual rights

answer

Bill of Rights

Civics Ch. 13 – Flashcards

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