Please enter something
Home Page Flashcards Citral B C10H16O structure - Flashcards

Citral B C10H16O structure – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : Joel Boykin

Molecular Formula C10H16O
Average mass 152.233 Da
Density 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 229.0±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point 101.7±0.0 °C
Molar Refractivity 48.4±0.3 cm3
Polarizability 19.2±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension 27.1±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume 177.8±3.0 cm3
  • Experimental data
  • Predicted – ACD/Labs
  • Predicted – EPISuite
  • Predicted – ChemAxon
  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties

    • Experimental Melting Point:

      <-10 °C Indofine
      [025080]
      <-10 °C Indofine
      [025080]
      ,
      [025080]

    • Experimental Boiling Point:

      12 °C / 103 mmHg (67.6926 °C / 760 mmHg)
      FooDB FDB013575

    • Experimental Refraction Index:

      20 FooDB FDB013575
  • Gas Chromatography

    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      1214 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 280 C; Start time: 3 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Allegrone, G.; Belliardo, F.; Cabella, P., Comparison of volatile concentrations in hand-squeezed juices of four different lemon varieties, J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 2006, 1844-1848.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1207.12 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1209.05 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1211.09 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 90 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1213.25 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1215.5 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 110 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1217.84 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1220.26 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1222.79 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 140 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1225.45 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1228.09 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 160 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1230.89 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 170 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1233.68 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 180 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: ZB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoskovec, M.; Grygarova, D.; Cvacka, J.; Streinz, L.; Zima, J.; Verevkin, S.P.; Koutek, B., Determining the vapour pressures of plant volatiles from gas chromatographic retention data, J. Chromatogr. A, 1083, 2005, 161-172.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1236 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 230 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.15 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Adeleke, K.A.; Ekundayo, O.; Konig, W.A., Rare terpenoid esters from Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf. growing wild in Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 19, 2004, 239-243.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1227 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 5 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Yadav, A.R.; Chauhan, A.S.; Rekha, M.N.; Rao, L.J.M.; Ramteke, R.S., Flavour quality of dehydrated lime [Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle], Food Chem., 85, 2004, 59-62.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1222 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 60C=>5.5C/min=>220C=>3.5C/min=>245C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rao, B.R.R.; Kaul, P.N.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Ramesh, S., Comparative composition of decanted and recovered essential oils of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook, Flavour Fragr. J., 18, 2003, 133-135., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 80 C; End T: 225 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Abella, L.; Cortella, A.R.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Perez-Alonso, M.J., Ethnobotany, volatile oils and secretion tissues of Werneria poposa from Argentina, Pharm. Biol., 38(3), 2000, 197-203., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 15 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rao, A.S.; Rajanikanth, B.; Seshadri, R., Volatile aroma components of Curcuma amada Roxb., J. Agric. Food Chem., 37(3), 1989, 740-743.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1217 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 220 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mallavarapu, G.R.; Rao, B.R.R.; Kaul, P.N.; Ramesh, S.; Bhattacharya, A.K., Volatile constituents of the essential oils of the seeds and the herb of palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats. var. motia Burk.), Flavour Fragr. J., 13, 1998, 167-169.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1220.4 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.35 mm; Column length: 40 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SE-30; Phase thickness: 0.35 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Tudor, E., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on a SE-30 glass capillary column. I. Linear equations, J. Chromatogr. A, 779, 1997, 287-297.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1215 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 180 C; End time: 1 min; Start time: 10 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Jantan, I.; Ahmad, A.S.; Ahmad, A.R.; Ali, N.A.M.; Ayop, N., Chemical composition of some citrus oils from Malaysia, J. Essent. Oil Res., 8, 1996, 627-632.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1216 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: H2, He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Furr, H.C.; Clifford, A.J.; Jones, A.D., Analysis of apocarotenoids and retinoids by capillary gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, Methods Enzymol., 213, 1992, 281-290., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Furr, H.C.; Zeng, S.; Clifford, A.J.; Olson, J.A., Capillary gas chromatography of retinoids (vitamin A compounds) and apo-retinoids: determination of Kovats retention indices, J. Chromatogr., 527, 1990, 406-413.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1223 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 42 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: PB-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Engewald, W.; Knobloch, T.; Haufe, G.; Muller, M.; Pohris, V., A Novel Method for Terpene Pattern Determination of Essential Oils by Selectivity Tuning in GC, Fresenius’ J. Anal. Chem., 341, 1991, 641-643, In original 641-643.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1220 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: BP-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: MacLeod, A.J.; MacLeod, G.; Subramanian, G., Volatile aroma constituents of orange, Phytochemistry, 27(7), 1988, 2185-2188.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1249 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 20 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: HP-5MS; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Jalali-Heravi, M.; Zekavat, B.; Sereshti, H., Characterization of essential oil components of Iranian geranium oil using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with chemometric resolution techniques, J. Chromatogr. A, 1114, 2006, 154-163.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1245 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 240 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: HP-5; Phase thickness: 0.33 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Oliveira, D.R.; Leitao, G.G.; Santos, S.S.; Bizzo, H.R.; Lopes, D.; Alviano, C.S.; Alviano, D.S.; Leitao, S.G., Ethnopharmacological study of two Lippia species from Oriximina, Brazil, J. Ethnopharmacol., 108, 2006, 103-108.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1244 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 220 C; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CP Sil 8 CB; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Tayoub, G.; Schwob, I.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Masotti, V.; Rabier, J.; Ruzzier, M.; Viano, J., Composition of volatile oils of Styrax (Styrax officinalis L.) leaves at different phenological stages, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 34, 2006, 705-709., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 220 C; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CP Sil 8 CB; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Tayoub, G.; Schwob, I.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Rabier, J.; Masotti, V.; J.; M.; Girard, G.; Viano, J., Essential oil composition of leaf, flower and stem of Styrax (Styrax officinalis L.) from south-eastern France, Flavour Fragr. J., 21, 2006, 809-812., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 200 C; End time: 30 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SPB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gauvin, A.; Lecomte, H.; Smadja, J., Comparative investigations of the essential oils of two scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.) cultivars grown on Reunion Island, Flavour Fragr. J., 19, 2004, 455-460.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1242 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 200 C; End time: 15 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: HP-5MS; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Juliani, H.R.; Zygadlo, J.A.; Scrivanti, R.; de la Sota, E.; Simon, J.E., The essential oil of Anemia tomentosa (Savigny) Sw. var. anthriscifolia (Schrad.) Mickel, Flavour Fragr. J., 19, 2004, 541-543.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1256 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, R.P.; Demyttenaere, J.C.R., Sensory and instrumental evaluation of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) aroma, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 2003, 3840-3848.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1240 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Shellie, R.A.; Marriott, P.J., Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil using rapid scanning quadrupole mass spectrometry, Analyst, 128, 2003, 879-883., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.26 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 246 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Adams, R.P., Systematics of multi-seeded eastern hemisphere Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and RAPD DNA fingerprinting, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 27, 1999, 709-725.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1248 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 200 C; End time: 15 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Juliani, H.R.; Simon, J.E., Antioxidant acitivity of basil, in Trends in new crops and new uses, Janick,J.; Whipkey,A., ed(s), ASHA Press, Alexandria, Va, 2002, 575-579.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1228 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rao, Y.R.; Rout, P.K.; Jena, K.S.; Sahu, S.B., Composition of essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt) grown in coastal Orissa, Fafai J., 2(4), 2000, 29-31.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1239 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 180 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rao, Y.R.; Rout, P.K.; Jena, K.S.; Sahu, S.B., Composition of essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt) grown in coastal Orissa, Fafai J., 2(4), 2000, 29-31.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1241 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 240 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: da Silva, M.H.L.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Luz, A.I.R.; da Silva, J.D.; Maia, J.G.S., The essential oils of Lantana camara L. occurring in North Brazil, Flavour Fragr. J., 14, 1999, 208-210.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1238 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 240 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Santos, A.S.; Silva, M.H.L.; Maia, J.G.S., Essential oils of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br growing wild in the Brazilian Amazon, Flavour Fragr. J., 13, 1998, 47-48.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1706 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 230 C; End time: 30 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: HP-Wax; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.4 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gauvin, A.; Lecomte, H.; Smadja, J., Comparative investigations of the essential oils of two scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.) cultivars grown on Reunion Island, Flavour Fragr. J., 19, 2004, 455-460.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1703 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Phase thickness: 0.08 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Tudor, E.; Moldovan, D.; Zarna, N., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on two carbowax-20M glass capillary columns with different film thickness. 2, Rev. Roum. Chim., 44(7), 1999, 665-675.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1715 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Phase thickness: 0.45 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Tudor, E.; Moldovan, D.; Zarna, N., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on two carbowax-20M glass capillary columns with different film thickness. 2, Rev. Roum. Chim., 44(7), 1999, 665-675.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1676 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 200 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mallavarapu, G.R.; Rao, B.R.R.; Kaul, P.N.; Ramesh, S.; Bhattacharya, A.K., Volatile constituents of the essential oils of the seeds and the herb of palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats. var. motia Burk.), Flavour Fragr. J., 13, 1998, 167-169.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1689 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 220 C; Start time: 10 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-Wax; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Umano, K.; Shibamoto, T., A new method of headspace sampling: grapefruit volatiles, in Flavors and Fragrances: A World Perspective. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Essential Oils, Fragrances and Flavors, Lawrence,B.M.; Mookherjee,B.D.; Willis,B.J., ed(s), Elsevier, New York, 1988, 981-998.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1719 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 210 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Randriamiharisoa, R.P.; Gaydou, E.M., Composition of Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii) essential oil from Madagascar, J. Agric. Food Chem., 35(1), 1987, 62-66.) NIST Spectra nist ri

    • Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

      1216 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Orav, A.; Kann, J., Determination of peppermint and orange aroma compounds in food and beverages, Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. Chem., 50(4), 2001, 217-225., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 4 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1 MS; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Seo, S.-M.; Kim, J.; Lee, S.-G.; Shin, C.-H.; Shin, S.-C.; Park, I.-K., Fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from Aiowan (Trachyspermum ammi), Allspice (Pimenta dioica), Caraway (Carum carvi), Dill (Anethum graveolens), Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), and Litsea (Litsea cubeba( oils against Japanese termite (Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe), J. Agric. Food Chem., 57(15), 2009, 6596-6602.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1215 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CB-1; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Kannaste, A.; Vongvanich, N.; Borg-Karlson, A.-K., Infestation by a Nalepella species induces emissions of alpha- and beta-farnesenes, (-)-linalool and aromatic compounds in Norway spruce clones of different susceptibility to the large pine weevil, Anthropod-Plant Interactions, 2, 2008, 31-41., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2.5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 260 C; End time: 20 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Monser-Esfahani, H.R.; Karamkhani, F.; Nickavar, B.; Abdi, K.; Faramarzi, M.A., The Volatile Constituents of Dracocephalum kotschyi Oils, Chem. Nat. Comp., 43(1), 2007, 40-43., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 230 C; End time: 20 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Sawamura, M.; Onishi, Y.; Ikemoto, J.; Tu, N.T.M.; Phi, N.T.L., Characteristic odour components of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) essential oil, Flavour Fragr. J., 21, 2006, 609-615., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2.5 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 270 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Tirado, C.B.; Stashenko, E.E.; Combariza, M.Y.; Martinez, J.R., Comparative study of Colombian citrus oils by high-resolution gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 697, 1995, 501-513., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1226 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 40 0C (2 min) ^ 4 0C/min -; 180 0C ^ 20 0C/min -; 220 0C (1 min); CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CB-1; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Kannaste, A.; Vongvanich, N.; Borg-Karlson, A.-K., Infestation by a Nalepella species induces emissions of alpha- and beta-farnesenes, (-)-linalool and aromatic compounds in Norway spruce clones of different susceptibility to the large pine weevil, Anthropod-Plant Interactions, 2, 2008, 31-41.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1262 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 65 C; End T: 260 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Yi, L.; Liang, Y.; Li, H.; Yuan, D.; Gao, H.; Zeng, M., Comparative analysis of essential oil components in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by GC-MS combined with chemometric resolution method, J. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Anal., 46, 2008, 66-74.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1227 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 170 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SE-30+Igepal; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Shibamoto, T.; Jennings, W.G., The volatile composition of the leaf oil of California Juniper (J. californica Carr.), in Proceedings of VII International Congress of Essential Oils, October 7-11, 1977, Kyoto, Japan, 1977, 413-418., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 5 min; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: RSL-200; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Jirovetz, L.; Buchbauer, G.; Shafi, M.P.; Kaniampady, M.M., Chemotaxonomical analysis of the essential oil aroma compounds of four different Ocimumspecies from southern India, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 217, 2003, 120-124., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 65 C; End T: 260 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Yi, L.; Liang, Y.; Li, H.; Yuan, D.; Gao, H.; Zeng, M., Comparative analysis of essential oil components in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by GC-MS combined with chemometric resolution method, J. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Anal., 46, 2008, 66-74., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: OV-101; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Shibamoto, T., Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis, in Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra, P.; Bicchi, C., ed(s), Hutchig Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 1987, 259-274., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1238 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 50 0C (1 min) ^ 3 0C/min -; 150 0C ^ 5 0C/min -; 250 0C (5 min); CAS no: 106263; Active phase: BPX-5; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Koba, K.; Sanda, K.; Raynaud, C.; Nenonene, Y.A.; Millet, J.; Chaumont, J.P., Activites antimicrobiennes d’huiles essentielles de trois Cymbopogon sp. africains vis-avis de germes pathogenes d’animaux de compagnie, Ann. Med. Vet., 148, 2004, 202-206., Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 45C =;1C/min =;100C=; 5C/min =;250C (10min); CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SE-52; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.15 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Tognolini, M.; Barocelli, E.; Ballabeni, V.; Bruni, R.; Bianchi, A.; Chiavarini, M.; Impicciatore, M., Comparative screening of plant essential oils: Phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity, Life Sciences, 78, 2006, 1419-1432., Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 60 0C (2 min) ^ 5 0C/min -; 160 0C (1 min) ^ 10 0C/min -; 280 0C (3 min); CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CP Sil 8 CB; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Radusiene, J.; Judzentiene, A.; Peciulyte, D.; Janulis, V., Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Assay of Acorus calamus Leaves from Different Wild Populations, Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization, 5(1), 2007, 37-44., Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 35C =;4C/min=;180C =;10C/min =;250C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Cavalcanti, E.S.B.; de Morais, S.M.; Lima, M.A.A.; Santana, E.W.P., Larvicidal activity of essential oils from Brazilian plants against Aedes aegypti L., Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz., 99(5), 2004, 541-544., Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 35C=;4C/min =;180C =;10C/min =;250C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.1 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Albuquerque, R.L.; Vasconcelos Silva, M.G.; Machado, M.I.L.; Matos, F.J.A.; Morais, S.M.; Neto, J.S., Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Plectranthus grandis and P. ornatus essential oils from north-eastern Brazil, Flavour Fragr. J., 22, 2007, 24-26., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SLB-5 MS; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Lo Presti, M.; Sciarrone, D.; Crupi, M.C.; Costa, R.; Ragusa, S.; Dugo, G.; Mondello, L., Evaliation of the volatile and chiral composition in Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil, Flavour Fragr. J., 23, 2008, 249-257., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1.5 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 260 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: Equity-5 MS; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Mondello, L.; Casilli, A.; Tranchida, Q.; Sciarrone, D.; Dugo, P.; Dugo, G., Analysis of allergens in fragrances using multiple heart-cut multidimentional gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, LC-GC Europe, 21, 2008, 130., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: SLB-5 MS; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Lo Presti, M.; Sciarrone, D.; Crupi, M.C.; Costa, R.; Ragusa, S.; Dugo, G.; Mondello, L., Evaliation of the volatile and chiral composition in Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil, Flavour Fragr. J., 23, 2008, 249-257., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 75 C; End T: 200 C; End time: 8 min; Start time: 4 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ciccio, J.F.; Gomez-Laurito, J., Volatile constituents of the leaves of Siparuna thecaphora (Siparunaceae) from Turrialba, Costa Rica, Rev. Biol. Trop., 50(3/4), 2002, 963-967., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 220 C; End time: 3 min; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Hymete, A.; Rohloff, J.; Iversen, T.-H., Essential oil from seeds and husks of Aframomum corrorima from Ethiopia, Flavour Fragr. J., 21, 2006, 642-644.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1217 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 40 0C (2 min) ^ 6 0C/min -; 130 0C ^ 10 0C/min -; 300 0C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Suschke, U.; Sporer, F.; Schneele, J.; Geiss, H.K.; Reichling, J., Antibacterial and Cytotoxic activity of Nepeta cataria L., Nepeta cataria var. citriodora (Beck.) Balb. and Melissa officinalis L. essential oils, Natural Product Communications, 2(12), 2007, 1277-1286., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 220 C; CAS no: 106263; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Mallavarapu, G.R.; Kulkarni, R.N.; Baskaran, K.; Ramesh, S., The essential oil composition of anise hyssop grown in India, Flavour Fragr. J., 19, 2004, 351-353., Program type: Ramp; Column cl

      Get an explanation on any task
      Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
      New
      Get unstuck with AI assistant right now
      • Enter your topic/question
      • Receive an explanation
      Pro tips to get quality response
      • Ask one question at a time
      • Enter a specific assignment topic
      • Aim at least 500 characters
      Question
      What is the right structure for an essay
      Answer
      A paragraph is a related group of sentences that develops one main idea. Each paragraph in the body of the essay should contain:
      • a topic sentence that states the main or controlling idea
      • supporting sentences to explain and develop the point you’re making
      • evidence from your reading or an example from the subject area that supports your point
      • analysis of the implication/significance/impact of the evidence finished off with a critical conclusion you have drawn from the evidence.