Chp 2 History of Crisis Intervention – Flashcards
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ABC Model of Crisis Intervention
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One way to structure crisis intervention that includes (A) developing and maintaining contact, (B) identifying the problem, and (C) coping.
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behavioral problem-solving model
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Approach focusing on goal setting, problem solving, and brainstorming alternatives.
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brief therapy
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Focuses on changing longer-standing behavior patterns rather than on only the current percipitating event (crisis intervention).
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Gerald Caplan
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Father of crisis intervention; worked with Eric Lindemann on the Wellesley Project after Coconut Grove fire.
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Coconut Grove fire
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Nightclub fire in 1942 where many died and survivors were in crisis; major event leading to development of crisis intervention.
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cognitive approaches
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Approaches focusing on a person's perceptions and thinking processes and how these lead to crisis states.
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Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963
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Legislation enacted during Kennedy administration directing all states to provide mental health treatment for people in crisis.
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critical incident debriefing
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A process of helping victims of natural disasters and other unexpected trauma deal with loss and stress reactions.
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existential theory's influence on crisis intervention
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Influences include anxiety as a motivator for change and mastering anxiety realistically by making choices and accepting responsibility for them.
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grass-roots efforts
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Upward movement from local groups in 1960s and 70s leading to creation of agencies to meet needs of various populations not being helped by traditional governmental agencies.
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grief work
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Crisis intervention for working with survivors and family members of victims in the Coconut Grove fire.
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health maintenance organizations (HMOs)
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Current trend in health insurance focusing on maintaining health rather than curing illness; orientation of mental health care under this style of management is crisis intervention.
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humanistic approach
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Model using person-centered approach in developing rapport; counselor uses basic attending skills to focus on inherent growth potential in client.
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Eric Lindermann
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Worked with Gerald Caplan on Wellesley Project and helped create crisis intervention; recognized for contribution to grief work.
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paraprofessionals
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Originally community volunteers; not professionally trained to conduct crisis intervention.
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preventative psychiatry
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Term Caplan used to describe his work with surviviors of Coconut Grove fire and others going through crises.
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Psychiatric Emergency Team (PET)
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Professionals designeated by county/hospital to assess whether someone should be involuntarily hospitalized due to a mental disorder.
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psychoanalytic theory's influence on crisis intervention
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Influences include idea of finite amounts of psychic energy to deal with life's stressors; idea of ego strength.
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Carl Rogers
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Founder of person-centered therapy and contributor to Humanistic approaches.
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runaway
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Family Systems term to describe a crisis state in a family unit.
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strategic family therapy
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An approach for treating entire family when crisis affects all or any members; brief and focused on solving problems and reaching goals; largely based on family systems theory.
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structural family therapy
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Focuses on boundaries and roles of family members and the crises that arise when families must adjust to changing roles as they evolve.
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systems theory's influence on crisis intervention
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influences include idea that family is self-regulating system and when member behaves outside family norms, other members cope through counteraction. When counteraction fails, a runaway develops and family is in crisis.
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Wellesley Project
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First organized attempt at introducing crisis intervention into community, developed by Caplan and Lindemann.
