Chemistry Unit 2 Study Guide Answers – Flashcards
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a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample ex. volume and mass
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What is an extensive property?
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a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample ex. silk, hardness, cotton, color,
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What is an intensive property?
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matter that has a uniform and definite composition ex. pure water,
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What is a substance?
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a quality of a substance that can be observed without changing its composition ex. color, temp., melting and boiling point, shape, size, volume, density
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What is a physical property?
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the ability of a substance to undergo a specific change ex. rusting, baking a cake, burning, fermentation, molding
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What is a chemical property?
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The difference between a physical property and a chemical property is that a physical property can be observed without changing the composition of a substance. A chemical property can only be observed by changing the composition of a substance.
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What are the differences between a physical and chemical property?
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definite shape and volume
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solid
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indefinite shape and fixed volume (doesn't change in a container)
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liquid
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indefinite shape and volume (takes the volume and shape of its container)
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gas
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when some properties of a material change but the composition does not
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What is a physical change?
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a change that takes the original matter and creates a different matter with a different composition ex. rotting, rusting, burning, baking, frying
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What is a chemical change?
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boiling, melting, freezing, condensing
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Which types of change are reversible?
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cutting, cracking, breaking, splitting, grinding, crushing
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Which types of change are irreversible?
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a reactant and a product
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What are the components in a chemical reaction?
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if the composition of matter has changed
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How do you know if a chemical reaction has taken place?
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transfer of energy, a change in color, the production of gas, the formation of a precipitate
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What are the 4 concrete pieces of evidence that a chemical reaction has taken place?
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cutting cheese, zest lemons, cracking an egg, zesting a lemon
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What are some physical changes in cooking?
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frying onions, cooking vegetables, baking pastries
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What are some chemical changes in cooking?
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during a physical or chemical change, mass is neither created or destroyed
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What is the conservation of mass?
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the mass will say the same, the mass of the product will be the same as the reactant
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How does the conservation of mass apply to chemical reactions?
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a physical blend of two or more components
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What is a mixture?
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homogeneous and heterogeneous
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What are the 2 classifications of a mixture?
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a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout ex. soil, a salad, a mixed vegetable soup, oil and vinegar
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heterogeneous mixture
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a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout ex. salt and sugar water, rubbing alcohol,
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homogeneous mixture
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filtration and distillation
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What is a 2-phase mixture and how can you separate them?
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a solution: solvent + solute
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What's the other known name for referring to homogeneous mixtures?
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the composition of a substance is fixed and the composition of a mixture is can vary
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How is a mixture different that a substance?
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simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties
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What is an element?
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a substance that contains two or more elements in a fixed proportion ex. air, water, sugar, salt
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What is a compound?
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Ag
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What is the chemical symbol for Sliver?
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N
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What is the chemical symbol for Nitrogen?
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Fe
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What is the chemical symbol for Iron?
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Cl
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What is the chemical symbol for Chlorine?
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F
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What is the chemical symbol for Fluorine?
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Br
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What is the chemical symbol for Bromine?
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I
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What is the chemical symbol for Iodine?
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Na
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What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?
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K
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What is the chemical symbol for Potassium?
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Ca
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What is the chemical symbol for Calcium?
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a shorthand way to represent compounds
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What is a chemical formula?
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the relative proportions of the element in a compound, the composition, and the identity
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What does a chemical formula indicate?
