Chemistry Topic 6 – Bonding
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Asymmetric molecule
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A molecule that lacks identical atomic structure on each side of an axis.
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Covalent bond
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Type of bond formed when two nuclei share electrons in order to achieve a stable arrangement or electrons.
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Double covalent bond
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Type of multiple covalent bond when two pairs of valence electrons are shared.
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Hydrogen bond
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An intermolecular bond formed between a hydrogen atom in one molecule and a nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom in another molecule.
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Ion
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Atoms that have gained or lost electrons and have become charged particles.
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Ionic bond
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A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
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Lewis dot diagram/ electron dot diagram
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Consists of a chemical symbol surrounded by one to eight dots representing valence electrons.
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Malleability
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The ability of metals to be hammered into shapes.
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Metallic bond
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Results from the force of attraction of the mobile valence electrons for an atom's positively charged kernel.
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Multiple covalent bond
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Type of covalent bond in which atoms share more than one pair of electrons.
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Nonpolar covalent bond
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Type of covalent bond when the attraction of two nuclei for the shared electron(s) is equal, causing the electron(s) to be shared equally.
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Octet
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The configuration of eight valence electrons.
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Octet rule
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States that atoms generally react by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons in order to achieve a complete octet of eight valence electrons.
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Polar covalent bond
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The unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond.
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Symmetrical molecule
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A molecule with identical atomic structure on each side of the axis.
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Triple covalent bond
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Type of multiple covalent bond in which three pairs of valence electrons are shared.
