Chemistry Solutions Study Guide – Flashcards
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the substance that dissolves, the "dissolvee", the solute dissolves into the solvent Example: the koolaid powder when koolaid is dissolved into water
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Solute
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the substance in which the solute dissolves, the "dissolver" Example: the water when koolaid powder is put into it
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Solvent
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a homogenous mixture, solute + solvent, solute is smaller than the amount of solvent Types of solutions:
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Solution
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a gas, solid or liquid dissolved into a liquid Example: cream into coffee, sugar into water, food coloring into water, carbonated water Example: gasses dissolved in one another Example: air, oxygen into air
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Liquid solutions
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mixtures of solids Example: Brass
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Solid solutions
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the solvent is water, water dissolves the solute. Example: NaCl aq, fluids in your body
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Aqueous solution
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a measure of the amount/mass of a substance (solute) that dissolves in a given amount/mass of solvent at a specific temperature
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Solubility
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to make a solution thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it, when a relatively small amount of solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent Example: Bleach can be diluted by adding water
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Dilute
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when a relatively large amount of solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent, a solution with a high amount solute Example: Hot chocolate with 80% powder and 20% milk
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Concentrated
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A solution in which the maximum amount of solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature (or pressure); "on the curve", no more solute can be dissolved, the solvent is full Example: Like a paper towel that cannot absorb any more water
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Saturated
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a solution in which less than the maximum amount of solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature (or pressure), "below the curve", more solute can be dissolved, the solvent is "not full" Example: a damp paper towel that can absorb more spill
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Unsaturated
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describes the concentration of a solution how much solute is dissolved the solution; specifically, how many moles solute are dissolved in 1.0 Liter of solution
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Molarity
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the process of making a more dilute solution from a given, more concentrated solution which is called the saturated solution
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Dilution
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When solute is added to the solvent and the freezing point of the solution lowers
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Freezing Point Depression
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When solute is added to the solvent and the boiling point of the solution increases
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Boiling Point Elevation
