Chemistry Final Review Answers – Flashcards
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| These are the main, building block substances of our universe |
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| Element |
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| These are the tiniest particles of Elements |
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| Atoms |
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| Two or more atoms together is a |
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| Molecule |
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| A substance made up of two or more elements put together |
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| Compound |
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| Scientists came up with these to describe atoms |
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| Models |
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| What has been responsible for scientists changing their atomic models |
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| Technology |
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| What is the current model of the atom called? |
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| Electron Cloud Model |
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| The periodic table is arranged by increasing |
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| Atomic Number |
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| These can be predicted by an element's location on the periodic table |
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| An Element's Properties |
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| The atomic number represents the number of |
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| Protons and Electrons |
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| The atomic mass represents the number of |
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| Protons and Neutrons |
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| The group, or family number represents the number of |
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| Valence Electrons |
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| The period number represents the number of |
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| Orbitals |
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| The most stable elements on the periodic table: Group 18 |
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| Noble Gases |
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| Elements that share some properties with metals and some with nonmetals |
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| Metalloids |
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| Column of elements in the periodic table with similar properties |
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| Group/Family |
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| The most reactive metals on the periodic table: Group 1 |
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| Alkalai Metals |
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| Elements that are shiny, conduct heat and electricity, are malleable and ductle |
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| Metals |
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| The largest group of elements on the Periodic Table: Groups 3-12 |
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| Transition Metals |
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| Elements that are usually a gas or britle, and don't conduct heat or electicity well |
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| Non-Metals |
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| The part of an atom with positive charge |
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| Proton |
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| The part of an atom with negative charge |
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| Electron |
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| The part of an atom with no charge |
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| Neutron |
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| The center of an atom |
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| Nucleus |
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| The special name for electrons on the outer shell of an atom |
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| Valence Electrons |
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| Krypton is in Group 18, it is a Noble Gas, how many Valence Electrons does it have? |
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| 8 |
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| An atom that has gained or lost an electron is called an |
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| Ion |
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| This group, Group 1, loses electrons easiest |
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| Alkalai Metals |
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| This group, Group 17, gains electrons easiest |
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| Halogens |
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| When an atom loses electrons, it becomes more |
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| Positive |
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| When an atom gains electrons, it becomes more |
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| Negative |
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| A positively charged ion is called a |
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| Cation |
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| A negatively charged ion is called an |
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| Anion |
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| A bond between Metals and Nonmetals is called |
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| Ionic |
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| A bond between Nonmetals and Nonmetals is called |
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| Covalent |
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| A bond between Metals and Metals is called |
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| Metalic |
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| In an Ionic bond, Electrons are ______ |
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| Transferred |
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| In a Covalent bond, Electrons are ______ |
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| Shared |
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| A molecule with two of the same element is called |
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| Diatomic |
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| C6H12O6 is the chemical formula for |
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| Glucose |
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| The chemical formula for water is |
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| H2O |
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| The chemical formula for table salt is |
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| NaCl |
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| Is this physical or chemical: Flammability |
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| Chemical |
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| Is this physical or chemical: Melting Point |
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| Physical |
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| Is this physical or chemical: Color |
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| Physical |
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| Is this physical or chemical: When bonds are broken |
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| Chemical |
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| Is this physical or chemical: When no new substance is formed |
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| Physical |
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| A chemical change that gives off energy is called |
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| Exothermic |
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| A chemical change that absorbs energy is called |
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| Endothermic |
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| A mixture that is not uniform in composition |
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| Heterogenous Mixture |
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| A mixture that is uniform in composition |
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| Homogenous Mixture |
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| Name the 5 physical techniques used to separate mixtures |
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| Magnetism, Filtration, Dissolving, Evaporation, and Chromatography |
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| In a solution, the substance being dissolved |
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| Solute |
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| In a solution, the substance doing the dissolving |
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| Solvent |
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| In a solution, how able something is to be dissolved |
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| Solubility |
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| A substance with a pH from 0-6.9 |
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| Acid |
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| A substance with a pH from 7.1-14 |
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| Base |
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| The capacity of a system to perform work |
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| Energy |
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| The energy stored in a system |
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| Potential Energy |
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| The energy posessed by a system due to motion |
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| Kinetic Energy |
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| The energy stored in the chemical bonds of a system |
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| Chemical (Potential) Energy |
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| Two answers: The energy stored in natural gas (1) used to heat (2) water. |
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| Chemical, Thermal |
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| Two answers: The energy stored in batteries (1) used to turn on a flashlight (2) |
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| Chemical, Electromagnetic |
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| Two answers: Rubbing your hands together (1), using friction to make heat (2) |
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| Mechanical, Thermal |
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| Two answers: A microwave (1) using power from a plant utilizing the power in an atom's nucleus (2) |
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| Electromagnetic, Nuclear |
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| Two answers: A lightbulb (1) turns on because of power from the wall socket. |
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| Electromagnetic, Electrical |
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| Two answers: Fossil fuels are burned (1), to move a car (2) |
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| Chemical, Mechanical |
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| Two answers: A spinning turbine (1) produces energy for homes (2) |
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| Mechanical, Electrical |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Biomass |
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| Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Coal |
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| Not Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Petroleum |
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| Not Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Wind |
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| Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Solar |
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| Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Nuclear |
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| Not Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Hydroelectric |
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| Renewable |
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| Renewable or not renewable: Geothermal |
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| Renewable |
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| Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
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| Nuclear Energy |
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| The energy from splitting nuclei |
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| Nuclear Fission |
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| The energy from joining nuclei |
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| Nuclear Fusion |
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| Which releases more energy, Fission or Fusion |
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| Fusion |
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| Heat transfer directly through substances |
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| Conduction |
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| Heat transfer through the movement of fluids |
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| Convection |
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| Heat transfer through electromagnetism |
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| Radiation |
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| Heat always moves from Hotter to Colder, true or false |
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| TRUE |
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| A material which prevents the flow of heat or electricity |
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| Insulator |
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| A material which facilitates the flow of heat or electricity |
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| Conductor |
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| This circuit has one pathway for electrons to follow |
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| Series |
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| This circuit has multiple pathways for electrons to follow |
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| Parallel |
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| Currents always flow from positive to negative, true or false |
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| FALSE |
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| In a series circuit, removing one bulb leaves the others on, true or false |
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| FALSE |
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| In a parallel circuit, removing one bulb leaves the others on, true or false |
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| TRUE |
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| In a series circuit, adding a bulb makes the others dimmer, true or false |
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| TRUE |
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| The region around a magnet is called? |
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| Magnetic Field |
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| A magnet is capable of producing an electric current, true or false |
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| TRUE |
