Chemistry Chapter 1 Questions And Answers – Flashcards
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chemistry
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study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the process that matter undergoes, and the the energy changes that are accompany in these processes
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organic chemistry
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study of most carbon containing compounds
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inorganic chemistry
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study of non-organic substances, many of which have organic fragments bonded of metals
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physical chemistry
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study of properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy
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analytical chemitry
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identification of the components and composition of materials
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biochemistry
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the study of substances and processes occurring in living things
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theoretical chemistry
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use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict new compounds
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chemical
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any substance that has a define composition
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basic research
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carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge
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applied research
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generally carried out to solve a problem
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mass
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measure of amount of matter
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matter
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can be defined as anything that has mass and takes up space
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atom
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smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of other elements
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true
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T/F atoms are the building blocks of matter
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element
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pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler stable substances and is made of one type of atom
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compound
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a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substance
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fasle
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T/F compounds are made of one element that are chemically bonded
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molecule
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smallest unit of an element or compound retains all properties of element or compound
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true
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T/F all substances have characteristic properties
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extensive properties
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depend on the amount of matter that is present
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intensive properties
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do not depend on the amount of matter present
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melting point boiling point density ability to conduct electricity transfer energy as heat
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list properties
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physical properties
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characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
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melting point boiling point density
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properties of physical property
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physical change
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change into a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substances
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grinding cutting melting boiling materials
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examples of physical change
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change of state
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physical change of a substance from one state to another
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solid
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state has defined volume and shape
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liquid
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definite volume but an indefinite shape
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gas
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state has neither definite volume nor shape
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plasma
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high temperature physical state of matter which atoms lose most of their electrons
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chemical property
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relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into a different substances
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chemical change/ chemical reaction
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change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
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reactants
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substances that react in a chemical change
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products
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substances that are formed by chemical change
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false
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T/F energy can be absorbed or released and is created and destroyed
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true
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T/F matter can be a pure substance or mixture
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mixtures
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blend of two or more kinds of matter each of which its own identity and properties
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homogeneous mixture
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mixture that are uniform in composition
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solutions
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homogeneous mixtures also called
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heterogeneous mixture
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mixture that are not uniform though out
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pure substance
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has fixed composition
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false
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T/F in every pure substance sample of a given substance has different characteristics
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true
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T/F every sample of pure substance has same composition
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groups/families
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vertical columns of period table
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false
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T/F families have elements with different chemical properties
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periods
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horizontal of elements in periodic table
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true
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T/F periods have physical and chemical change regulatory
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metal
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element is a good electrical conductor and heat conductor
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malleability ductile tensile strength
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metals have these characteristics
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nonmetals
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elements poor conductors of heat and electricity
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metalliod
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element that has some characteristics of metal and nonmetals
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A
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the branch of chemistry that involves the study of substances and processes occurring in living things is called A. biochemistry B. organic chemistry C. physical chemistry D. theoretical chemistry
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B
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the branch of chemistry that deals with substances containing carbon is called A. biochemistry B. organic chemistry C. physical chemistry D. analytical chemistry
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D
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using mathematical models and computer models to understand a chemical principle is an example of A. biochemistry B. physical chemistry C. analytical chemistry D. theoretical chemistry
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A
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a team of scientists is working with living cells to determine how a certain enzyme functions within the cells. they are most likely working in a field of A. biochemistry B. physical chemistry C. inorganic chemistry D. theoretical chemistry
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D
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two chemistry students are investigating the properties of quartz crystals. they are most likely studying in the field of A. biochemistry B. physical chemistry C. organic chemistry D. inorganic chemistry
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C
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the definition of a chemical is A. a toxic substance made in a laboratory B. an unnatural material added to foods C. any substance that has a definite composition D. anything that has mass and takes up space
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C
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the goal of basic research is to A. find a solution to a particular problem B. produces new chemicals C. increase knowledge D. discover new technologies
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B
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a scientist is working on a developing refrigerators that do not release chemicals that destroy the ozone layer. this is the best example of A. basic research B. applied research C. technological development D. biochemistry
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C
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technological application often A. occur by accident B. degrade our quality of life C. lag far behind basic and applied research D. have little effect on our lives
