Chem 1010 – Chemistry – Flashcards
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| Chemisty |
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| the science that deals with the composition and propertiesof substances and various elementary forms of matter. |
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| Theory |
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| a coherent group of tested general propositions, commonlyregarded as correct, that can be used as principles ofexplanation and prediction for a class of phenomena |
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| Natural Law |
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| a principle or body of laws considered as derived from nature, right reason, or religion and as ethically binding in human society. |
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| Measurement |
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| extent, size, etc., ascertained by measuring |
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| Scientific Notation |
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| a method for expressing a given quantity as a number having significant digits necessary for a specified degree of accuracy,multiplied by 10 to the appropriate power, as 1385.62 written as1.386 × 10 3 |
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| Volume |
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the magnitude of the three-dimensional space enclosedwithin or occupied by an object, geometric solid, etc |
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| Mass |
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| a body of coherent matter, usually of indefinite shape andoften of considerable size |
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| Significant Figures |
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| The digits in a decimal number that are warranted by theaccuracy of the means of measurement. Significant digits are all the numbers beginning with the leftmost nonzero digit, orbeginning with the first digit after the decimal point if there areno nonzero digits to the left of the decimal point, and extendingto the right. For example, 302, 3.20, and 0.023 all have threesignificant digits. |
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| Conversion Factor |
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| A funny looking 1 |
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| Equivalence Statement |
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| The equivalence statement specifies that a storage area is shared by two or more objects in a program unit. This causes total or partial storage association of the objects that share the storage area |
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| Dimensional Analysis |
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| a method for comparing the dimensions of the physical quantitiesoccurring in a problem to find relationships between the quantitieswithout having to solve the problem completely. |
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| Density |
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| mass per unit volume. |
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| Specific Gravity |
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| the ratio of the density of any substance to the density of some other substance taken as standard, water being the standard forliquids and solids, and hydrogen or air being the standard forgases. |
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| Matter |
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| the substance or substances of which any physical object consists or is composed: |
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| Physical Changes |
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| a usually reversible change in the physical properties of asubstance, as size or shape: |
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| Chemical Changes |
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| a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving therearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and achange in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in theformation of at least one new substance |
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| Homogeneous Mixture |
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| any combination of substances that has uniform composition and properties; a mixture that isuniform throughout |
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| Heterogeneous Mixture |
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| any combination of substances that does nothave uniform composition and properties; amixture of physically distinct substances withdifferent properties |
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| Compound |
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| composed of two or more parts, elements, or ingredients: |
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| Element |
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| one of a class of substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. |
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| Distillation |
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| the volatilization or evaporation and subsequentcondensation of a liquid, as when water is boiled in a retortand the steam is condensed in a cool receiver. |
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| Filtration |
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| The act or process of filtering, especially the process of passinga liquid or gas, such as air, through a filter in order to removesolid particles. |
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| Fahrenheit Scale |
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| noting, pertaining to, or measured according to atemperature scale (Fahrenheit scale) in which 32°represents the ice point and 212° the steam point. |
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| Celsius Scale |
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| A temperature scale in which zero degrees is the freezing point of water and 100 degrees is the boiling point. |
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| Kelvin or Absolute Scale |
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| noting or pertaining to an absolute scaleof temperature (Kelvin scale) in which the degree intervalsare equal to those of the Celsius scale and in which thetriple point of water has the value 273.16 Kelvin. |
