Chapters 17 and 18 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
the French parlements spoke for the interests of the
answer
arisocracy
question
the Second Estate of the Estates General was made up of the
answer
nobility
question
throughout the winter and spring of 1789, the high prices for ____________ produced many riots
answer
bread
question
"The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen" was proclaimed by the
answer
National Constituent Assembly
question
according to the suffrage stipulations of the Constitution of 1791, approximately how many of France's 25 million citizens were qualified to vote?
answer
50,000
question
Louis XVI was condemned to death on the charge of
answer
conspiring against the liberty of the people
question
what foreign power dominated Poland after the second partition was complete?
answer
Russia
question
many victims of the Reign of Terror were subject to this "humane" form of execution, known as
answer
guillotine
question
which body carried out the policies in the Reign of Terror?
answer
Committee of Public Safety
question
the French Revolution has often been considered a victory of the
answer
bourgeoisie
question
in October 1795, who put down the royalist rebels that were intensifying the food riots?
answer
Napoleon Bonaparte
question
what revenue was to back up the value of the assignats?
answer
the sale of church property
question
by which of the following ways did the aristocracy attempt to limit the influence of the Third Estate?
answer
they demanded that each state have an equal number of representatives
question
The cahiers de doléances _________
answer
were grievances presented to the king
question
The Tennis Court Oath refers to an oath taken by the
answer
National Assembly to give France a constitution
question
Which of the following best describes the form of government pursued by the National Constituent Assembly?
answer
constitutional monarchy
question
The Roman Catholic Church
answer
condemned the French Revolution
question
issued in August 1793, the levee en masse was a
answer
military requisition on the entire population
question
By late 1794, the French army
answer
was larger than any other in European history
question
The core value of the republic of virtue created by the revolution was
answer
public good over the private good
question
The changes made to the traditional calendar illustrate which of these revolutionary policies?
answer
de-Christianization
question
How did most French people react to the de-Christianization of France?
answer
They opposed the de-Christianization and reacted against the revolutionary government in Paris.
question
from where did the Thermidorians get their name?
answer
the name came from the events of July 27, when members of the Convention shouted down Robespierre
question
What generalization could be made about the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
answer
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy did more than any other action to make an enemy of the Roman Catholic Church for France.
question
The Jacobins, like those who carried out the September Massacres, were motivated by ________.
answer
fear of counterrevolution
question
Which of the following best explains the actions of Maximilien de Robespierre?
answer
wholehearted support of the republican government
question
The two most important influences on Enlightenment thought were ________.
answer
Locke and Newton
question
Written by Voltaire in English and later translated to French, ________ praised the virtues of the English, especially their religious liberty, and implicitly criticized the abuses of French society.
answer
Letters on the English
question
________, an eighteenth-century philosopher, was known as the "Jewish Socrates."
answer
Moses Mendelssohn
question
The most important political thought of the Enlightenment occurred in ________.
answer
France
question
________ contended that the process of civilization and the Enlightenment had corrupted human nature.
answer
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
question
________ maintained that women were not naturally inferior to men and that women should have a wider role in society.
answer
Charles de Montesquieu
question
Which of the following styles of art utilizes lavish, often lighthearted decoration with an emphasis on pastel colors and the play of light?
answer
Rococo
question
Which of the following styles of art embodies a return to figurative and architectural modes drawn from the Renaissance and the ancient world?
answer
Neoclassicism
question
How did Voltaire come to admire English culture?
answer
He lived in exile in England.
question
Denis Diderot and Jean Le Rond d'Alembert are best known for their great work: ________.
answer
the Encyclopedia
question
Which philosophe is credited with a profound effect on the constitutional form of liberal democracies for more than two centuries?
answer
Charles de Montesquieu
question
The philosophe who popularized the thought of Isaac Newton was ________.
answer
Voltaire in his work Elements of the Philosophy of Newton
question
Who made up the largest audience for the work of the philosophes?
answer
commercial and professional urban classes
question
The two major points in the deists' creed were ________.
answer
the belief in an afterlife dependent upon one's earthly actions and the existence of a rational God
question
Why is it surprising that Lady Mary Wortley Montagu was the voice of tolerance of Islam?
answer
because most Muslims dismissed Christians
question
How did print culture contribute to the Enlightenment and the call for reform throughout Europe?
answer
Increasing literacy and the volume of books printed encouraged the discussion of ideas about reform.
question
Philosophes were most direct in their attacks on Christian __________.
answer
institutions
