Chapters 1-3 Family Com – Flashcards

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Discourse-Dependent
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Members rely on communication strategies to manage their family boundaries
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Internal boundary management
answer
using communication strategies to create and maintain members' internal sense of we-ness
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External boundary management
answer
using communication strategies to reveal or conceal information about the family to outsiders
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Internal Boundary Examples
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Naming, Discussing, Narrating, and Ritualizing
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External Boundary Examples
answer
Labeling, Explaining, Legitimizing, Defending
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Family Definition (from Text)
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Networks of people who share their lives over long periods of time bound by ties of marriage, blood, or commitment, legal or otherwise, who consider themselves as family and who share a significant history and anticipated future of functioning in a family relationship
question
Extended family
answer
Also known as the "intergenerational family" Definition: refer to that group of relatives living within a nearby geographical area
question
Solo parent family
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Definition: one parent carrying out all parental obligations while ongoing involvement with the other parent is precluded.
question
Constitutive approach
answer
Definition: - creating family challenges the conception of one dominant form of family life
question
Stepfamily
answer
Definition: refers to families formed through merging existing family units - Stepfamily consists of two adults and children, not all of whom are from the union of the adult's relationship.
question
Open adoption
answer
Definition: allowing long term connections between birth mothers and adoptive parents, creating new types of extended families with communication challenges - Today, most all domestic adoptions are "open"
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Role lens
answer
Relationships are familial to the extent that relational partners feel and act like family - this establishes social behavior and emotion
question
Functional families
answer
1. Normal Families as asymptomatic family functioning 2. Normal Families as average 3. Normal Families as optimal 4. Normal Families processes
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Normal Families as asymptomatic family functioning
answer
implies that family members exhibit no major symptoms of psychopathology
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Normal Families as average
answer
addresses families that appear typical or fit common patterns
question
Normal Families as optimal
answer
describes ideal or positive characteristics, sometimes reflecting members' accomplishments
question
Normal Families processes
answer
assumes a systems perspective addressing adaptation across the life cycle and management of stresses and diversity contexts
question
Involuntary relationships
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Stepfamilies are an example of this - people chose to have relationships with new spouse but, might not choose the stepkids
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Cohesion
answer
emotional bonding that family members experience with each other
question
Flexibility/Adaptability
answer
the amount of change in a family's leadership, role relationships, and relationship rules
question
Cohesion Continuum
answer
Disengaged Connected Cohesive Enmeshed
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Disengaged
answer
family members maintain extreme separateness and independence, experiencing little belonging or loyalty
question
Connected
answer
family members experience emotional independence as well as some sense of involvement and belonging
question
Cohesive
answer
family members strive for emotional closeness, loyalty, and togetherness with emphasis on some individuality
question
Enmeshed
answer
family members experience extreme closeness, loyalty, dependence, and almost no individuality
question
Flexibility/Adaptability Continuum
answer
Rigid Structured Flexible Chaotic
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Rigid
answer
family members experience very low levels of change, as well as authoritarian leadership and strict roles and rules
question
Structured
answer
family members experience more moderate levels of change as well as limited share decision-making and leadership and relatively stable roles and rules
question
Flexible
answer
family members experience high levels of change, shared decision-making, and shifting rules and roles
question
Chaotic
answer
family members experience very high levels of change as well as nonexistent leadership and confused and very variable rules and roles
question
Boundaries
answer
exist between and among members and between the family and the outside world
question
Transactional communication/family systems perspectives
answer
complements each other because both share a relational focus. When trying to understand family dynamics, relationships take procedure over individuals.
question
Where families with adolescents function best-
answer
They function best when they have average cohesion, being neither enmeshed with parents of disengaged and when their adaptability is midway between rigidity and chaos.
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Flexibility continuum-
answer
ranging from extremely low adaptability to extremely high adaptability.
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Supporting/secondary functions
answer
Supporting family functions include establishing a satisfactory congruence of images, evolving modes of interaction into central family themes, establishing the boundaries of the family's world of experience, managing significant biosocial issues of family life, such as gender, age, power and roles.
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Three dimensions in circumplex model
answer
Cohesion, adaptability, and communication.
question
Dialectical tensions
answer
Relational dialectics refers to the both/and quality of relationships or the need for partners to simultaneously experience independence and connection or openness and privacy.
question
Dialectical tensions Example
answer
Money/religion example- what can you talk about to family
question
Family themes
answer
theme represents a pattern of feelings, motives, fantasies, and conventionalized understandings grouped around a particular locus of concern, which has a particular form in the personalities of individual members.
question
Gendered familial expectations
answer
subtle and surprising. Gender identity and physical development issues affect styles of interaction and vice versa.
question
Multigenerational systems
answer
• Develop mutual influence processes involving individuals born into or raised within them • Appear similar to but more complex than other human systems, experience developmental changes • Develop patterns that are shared, transformed, and manifested in future generation • Develop and transmit issues that may appear only in certain contexts and may be at unconscious levels • Develop cross-generation and within generation boundaries • Develop functional and dysfunctional patterns reflecting the intergenerational patterns and current circumstances
question
Genograms
answer
provides one way to envision intergenerational transmissions- multigenerational family tree that depicts familial relationships visually.
question
Shared meanings
answer
purpose of creating shared meaning & relationships. Better understand relationships.
question
Metacommunication
answer
communication within communication. People communicate about their communication.
question
Biosocial issues
answer
families operate within a larger community and cultural sphere that provides conventional norms for coping with biosocial issues of gender, age, power, and roles.
question
Complex relationships
answer
systems embedded in systems create a highly complex set of structures and interaction patterns and may be understood in relation to each other
question
Openness
answer
each family operates within the larger ecosystem, which includes legal, educational, political, health, and economic systems, as well as extended family and friendship systems
question
Systems Perspective
answer
provides valuable insight into a family's communication patterns.
question
Rules
answer
relationship agreements, often unconscious, that prescribe and limit a family member's behavior over time; they are capable of creating regularity out of chaos.
question
Change-Promoting feedback
answer
processes result in recalibration of the system at a different level. Enables the system to grow, create, innovate, and change.
question
Dialectical Struggles
answer
the dialectical struggles between family members keep a family system at some level of imbalance or flux. - are ongoing
question
Calibration
answer
The function of maintaining stability in a system. It implies checking and, if necessary correcting the range of acceptable behaviors.
question
Interactive complexity
answer
each act triggers new behavior as well as responds to previous behaviors, rendering pointless any attempts to assign cause and effect
question
Symbolic interaction
answer
- Assumes that humans think about and act according to the meanings they attribute to their actions and social contexts - Assumes humans are motivated to create meanings to help them make sense of the world and we do this through language - Focuses on the connection between symbols, or shared meanings, and interactions, via verbal and nonverbal communication
question
Interdependence
answer
the behavior of each family member is related to and dependent on the behavior of the others
question
Communication and the Systems Perspective
answer
each family member creates a context for other members, each family member simultaneously creates and interprets messages for others, and each family member affects and is affected by all other family members.
question
Punctuation
answer
refers to the interruption of the sequence of behavior at different intervals in order to give it meaning to indicate "things started here".
question
Wholeness
answer
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
question
Social Constructionism
answer
People make sense of the world by constructing their own model of the social world and how it works. - Language is viewed as critical to human society. - Conversation serves to create and maintain reality. - Places a unique focus on how meanings are created and negotiated in specific contexts, rather than significantly influenced by societal norms or expectations
question
Narrative theory
answer
humans experience life in narrative form and find personal meanings for their stories through interpretation, not objective observation.
question
Privacy Dilemma
answer
1. The confidant may believe the teller will be harmed if the information is not revealed 2. The private information may be revealed accidently 3. Illicit activity might be revealed by accident 4. A family member may encounter information that places him or her in a dilemma
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question
Discourse-Dependent
answer
Members rely on communication strategies to manage their family boundaries
question
Internal boundary management
answer
using communication strategies to create and maintain members' internal sense of we-ness
question
External boundary management
answer
using communication strategies to reveal or conceal information about the family to outsiders
question
Internal Boundary Examples
answer
Naming, Discussing, Narrating, and Ritualizing
question
External Boundary Examples
answer
Labeling, Explaining, Legitimizing, Defending
question
Family Definition (from Text)
answer
Networks of people who share their lives over long periods of time bound by ties of marriage, blood, or commitment, legal or otherwise, who consider themselves as family and who share a significant history and anticipated future of functioning in a family relationship
question
Extended family
answer
Also known as the "intergenerational family" Definition: refer to that group of relatives living within a nearby geographical area
question
Solo parent family
answer
Definition: one parent carrying out all parental obligations while ongoing involvement with the other parent is precluded.
question
Constitutive approach
answer
Definition: - creating family challenges the conception of one dominant form of family life
question
Stepfamily
answer
Definition: refers to families formed through merging existing family units - Stepfamily consists of two adults and children, not all of whom are from the union of the adult's relationship.
question
Open adoption
answer
Definition: allowing long term connections between birth mothers and adoptive parents, creating new types of extended families with communication challenges - Today, most all domestic adoptions are "open"
question
Role lens
answer
Relationships are familial to the extent that relational partners feel and act like family - this establishes social behavior and emotion
question
Functional families
answer
1. Normal Families as asymptomatic family functioning 2. Normal Families as average 3. Normal Families as optimal 4. Normal Families processes
question
Normal Families as asymptomatic family functioning
answer
implies that family members exhibit no major symptoms of psychopathology
question
Normal Families as average
answer
addresses families that appear typical or fit common patterns
question
Normal Families as optimal
answer
describes ideal or positive characteristics, sometimes reflecting members' accomplishments
question
Normal Families processes
answer
assumes a systems perspective addressing adaptation across the life cycle and management of stresses and diversity contexts
question
Involuntary relationships
answer
Stepfamilies are an example of this - people chose to have relationships with new spouse but, might not choose the stepkids
question
Cohesion
answer
emotional bonding that family members experience with each other
question
Flexibility/Adaptability
answer
the amount of change in a family's leadership, role relationships, and relationship rules
question
Cohesion Continuum
answer
Disengaged Connected Cohesive Enmeshed
question
Disengaged
answer
family members maintain extreme separateness and independence, experiencing little belonging or loyalty
question
Connected
answer
family members experience emotional independence as well as some sense of involvement and belonging
question
Cohesive
answer
family members strive for emotional closeness, loyalty, and togetherness with emphasis on some individuality
question
Enmeshed
answer
family members experience extreme closeness, loyalty, dependence, and almost no individuality
question
Flexibility/Adaptability Continuum
answer
Rigid Structured Flexible Chaotic
question
Rigid
answer
family members experience very low levels of change, as well as authoritarian leadership and strict roles and rules
question
Structured
answer
family members experience more moderate levels of change as well as limited share decision-making and leadership and relatively stable roles and rules
question
Flexible
answer
family members experience high levels of change, shared decision-making, and shifting rules and roles
question
Chaotic
answer
family members experience very high levels of change as well as nonexistent leadership and confused and very variable rules and roles
question
Boundaries
answer
exist between and among members and between the family and the outside world
question
Transactional communication/family systems perspectives
answer
complements each other because both share a relational focus. When trying to understand family dynamics, relationships take procedure over individuals.
question
Where families with adolescents function best-
answer
They function best when they have average cohesion, being neither enmeshed with parents of disengaged and when their adaptability is midway between rigidity and chaos.
question
Flexibility continuum-
answer
ranging from extremely low adaptability to extremely high adaptability.
question
Supporting/secondary functions
answer
Supporting family functions include establishing a satisfactory congruence of images, evolving modes of interaction into central family themes, establishing the boundaries of the family's world of experience, managing significant biosocial issues of family life, such as gender, age, power and roles.
question
Three dimensions in circumplex model
answer
Cohesion, adaptability, and communication.
question
Dialectical tensions
answer
Relational dialectics refers to the both/and quality of relationships or the need for partners to simultaneously experience independence and connection or openness and privacy.
question
Dialectical tensions Example
answer
Money/religion example- what can you talk about to family
question
Family themes
answer
theme represents a pattern of feelings, motives, fantasies, and conventionalized understandings grouped around a particular locus of concern, which has a particular form in the personalities of individual members.
question
Gendered familial expectations
answer
subtle and surprising. Gender identity and physical development issues affect styles of interaction and vice versa.
question
Multigenerational systems
answer
• Develop mutual influence processes involving individuals born into or raised within them • Appear similar to but more complex than other human systems, experience developmental changes • Develop patterns that are shared, transformed, and manifested in future generation • Develop and transmit issues that may appear only in certain contexts and may be at unconscious levels • Develop cross-generation and within generation boundaries • Develop functional and dysfunctional patterns reflecting the intergenerational patterns and current circumstances
question
Genograms
answer
provides one way to envision intergenerational transmissions- multigenerational family tree that depicts familial relationships visually.
question
Shared meanings
answer
purpose of creating shared meaning & relationships. Better understand relationships.
question
Metacommunication
answer
communication within communication. People communicate about their communication.
question
Biosocial issues
answer
families operate within a larger community and cultural sphere that provides conventional norms for coping with biosocial issues of gender, age, power, and roles.
question
Complex relationships
answer
systems embedded in systems create a highly complex set of structures and interaction patterns and may be understood in relation to each other
question
Openness
answer
each family operates within the larger ecosystem, which includes legal, educational, political, health, and economic systems, as well as extended family and friendship systems
question
Systems Perspective
answer
provides valuable insight into a family's communication patterns.
question
Rules
answer
relationship agreements, often unconscious, that prescribe and limit a family member's behavior over time; they are capable of creating regularity out of chaos.
question
Change-Promoting feedback
answer
processes result in recalibration of the system at a different level. Enables the system to grow, create, innovate, and change.
question
Dialectical Struggles
answer
the dialectical struggles between family members keep a family system at some level of imbalance or flux. - are ongoing
question
Calibration
answer
The function of maintaining stability in a system. It implies checking and, if necessary correcting the range of acceptable behaviors.
question
Interactive complexity
answer
each act triggers new behavior as well as responds to previous behaviors, rendering pointless any attempts to assign cause and effect
question
Symbolic interaction
answer
- Assumes that humans think about and act according to the meanings they attribute to their actions and social contexts - Assumes humans are motivated to create meanings to help them make sense of the world and we do this through language - Focuses on the connection between symbols, or shared meanings, and interactions, via verbal and nonverbal communication
question
Interdependence
answer
the behavior of each family member is related to and dependent on the behavior of the others
question
Communication and the Systems Perspective
answer
each family member creates a context for other members, each family member simultaneously creates and interprets messages for others, and each family member affects and is affected by all other family members.
question
Punctuation
answer
refers to the interruption of the sequence of behavior at different intervals in order to give it meaning to indicate "things started here".
question
Wholeness
answer
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
question
Social Constructionism
answer
People make sense of the world by constructing their own model of the social world and how it works. - Language is viewed as critical to human society. - Conversation serves to create and maintain reality. - Places a unique focus on how meanings are created and negotiated in specific contexts, rather than significantly influenced by societal norms or expectations
question
Narrative theory
answer
humans experience life in narrative form and find personal meanings for their stories through interpretation, not objective observation.
question
Privacy Dilemma
answer
1. The confidant may believe the teller will be harmed if the information is not revealed 2. The private information may be revealed accidently 3. Illicit activity might be revealed by accident 4. A family member may encounter information that places him or her in a dilemma
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